scholarly journals The effectiveness of monitoring as a necessary condition for the adoption of correct decisions on the security оf technosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
V. M. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Technogenic Impact ◽  
The Status ◽  
Measurement Mode ◽  
Natural Earthquakes ◽  
Measuring Base

This article discusses the issues of ensuring the effectiveness of monitoring for correct estimates of parameter manifestations (start time, intensity and severity) of catastrophic natural (earthquakes, floods and others) and man-made (water and air pollution) processes. Organizational structure of monitoring with reasonable time and address of the measurement mode taking into account the main features and stages of forming controlled natural and technogenic processes should ensure the acquisition of data needed for further calculations of the start time of earthquakes, territorial distribution and levels of water or air pollution, etc. Besides, the article outlines requirements for the relevant qualification of engaged staff capable of correctly interpreting the results of monitoring measurements and performing the necessary calculation of numerous parameters, for example, in the case of pollution evaluation. As a result, all this allows to ensure the compliance of obtained assessments with the real condition of monitored object, which is the basis for informed decisions on a set of actions to further ensure technosphere security. Along with this, the proposed monitoring approach allows to optimize the measuring base in order to achieve the necessary efficiency in assessing the status of controlled objects and the layout of the base in terms of the characteristics of buildings and their intrinsic properties, as well as the specificity of technogenic impact and natural processes on technosphere objects.

What Is an Institution?

2007 ◽  
pp. 5-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Structure ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Collective Intentionality ◽  
Institutional Facts ◽  
Institutional Fact ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
Typical Point

The author claims that an institution is any collectively accepted system of rules (procedures, practices) that enable us to create institutional facts. These rules typically have the form of X counts as Y in C, where an object, person, or state of affairs X is assigned a special status, the Y status, such that the new status enables the person or object to perform functions that it could not perform solely in virtue of its physical structure, but requires as a necessary condition the assignment of the status. The creation of an institutional fact is, thus, the collective assignment of a status function. The typical point of the creation of institutional facts by assigning status functions is to create deontic powers. So typically when we assign a status function Y to some object or person X we have created a situation in which we accept that a person S who stands in the appropriate relation to X is such that (S has power (S does A)). The whole analysis then gives us a systematic set of relationships between collective intentionality, the assignment of function, the assignment of status functions, constitutive rules, institutional facts, and deontic powers.

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION OF JHANSI CITY, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
BHANUMATI SINGH ◽  
SHREE GANESH ◽  
JAMSHED ZAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Status

Studies on air pollution in large cities of India showed that ambient air pollution concentrations are at such levels where serious health effects are possible. This paper presents overview on the status of air quality index (AQI) of Jhansi city by using multivariate statistical techniques. This base line data can help governmental and non-governmental organizations for the management of air pollution.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Deposition Effects on Agricultural Soil Acidification State — Key Study: Krupanj Municipality

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Čakmak ◽  
Jelena Beloica ◽  
Veljko Perović ◽  
Ratko Kadović ◽  
Vesna Mrvić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Target Loading ◽  
Distance Weighting ◽  
The Status ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Sustainable Productivity

Abstract Acidification, as a form of soil degradation is a process that leads to permanent reduction in the quality of soil as the most important natural resource. The process of soil acidification, which in the first place implies a reduction in soil pH, can be caused by natural processes, but also considerably accelerated by the anthropogenic influence of excessive S and N emissions, uncontrolled deforestation, and intensive agricultural processes. Critical loads, i.e. the upper limit of harmful depositions (primarily of S and N) which will not cause damages to the ecosystem, were determined in Europe under the auspices of the Executive Committee of the CLRTAP in 1980. These values represent the basic indicators of ecosystem stability to the process of acidification. This paper defines the status of acidification for the period up to 2100 in relation to the long term critical and target loading of soil with S and N on the territory of Krupanj municipality by applying the VSD model. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) geostatistic module was used as the interpolation method. Land management, particularly in areas susceptible to acidification, needs to be focused on well-balanced agriculture and use of crops/seedlings to achieve the optimum land use and sustainable productivity for the projected 100-year period.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds in Honey and Their Relationship with Antioxidant Activity, Botanical Origin, and Color

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Ana L. Becerril-Sánchez ◽  
Baciliza Quintero-Salazar ◽  
Octavio Dublán-García ◽  
Héctor B. Escalona-Buendía
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
The Status ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Honey has been employed since antiquity due to its sensory, nutritional, and therapeutic properties. These characteristics are related to its physical and chemical composition. For example, phenolic compounds are substances that can determine antioxidant activity, as well as sensory characteristics, and can be employed as biomarkers of floral and geographical origin. This has generated a growing interest in the study of phenolic compounds and their influence in the intrinsic properties of this beekeeping product. This review aims to summarize, analyze, and update the status of the research that demonstrates the role of phenolic compounds in antioxidant activity, botanical-geographical origin, and the sensory characteristics of honey. These phenolic compounds, according to various results reported, have great relevance in honey’s biological and functional activity. This leads to research that will link phenolic compounds to their floral, geographical, productive, and territorial origin, as well as some sensory and functional characteristics.

scholarly journals Lifting a sessile oil drop from a superamphiphobic surface with an impacting one

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (34) ◽  
pp. eaba4330
Author(s):  
Olinka Ramírez-Soto ◽  
Vatsal Sanjay ◽  
Detlef Lohse ◽  
Jonathan T. Pham ◽  
Doris Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Impact Dynamics ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
The Impact

Colliding drops are encountered in everyday technologies and natural processes, from combustion engines and commodity sprays to raindrops and cloud formation. The outcome of a collision depends on many factors, including the impact velocity and the degree of alignment, and intrinsic properties like surface tension. Yet, little is known on binary impact dynamics of low-surface-tension drops on a low-wetting surface. We investigate the dynamics of an oil drop impacting an identical sessile drop sitting on a superamphiphobic surface. We observe five rebound scenarios, four of which do not involve coalescence. We describe two previously unexplored cases for sessile drop liftoff, resulting from drop-on-drop impact. Numerical simulations quantitatively reproduce the rebound scenarios and enable quantification of velocity profiles, energy transfer, and viscous dissipation. Our results illustrate how varying the offset from head-on alignment and the impact velocity results in controllable rebound dynamics for oil drop collisions on superamphiphobic surfaces.

Status, standards, technologies and existing problems of residential ventilation in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ye Fan ◽  
Qing-Qin Wang ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Mao-Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Compound Pollution ◽  
The Status ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Ventilation Performance

Indoor air pollution level in dwellings varies in different areas. Specifically, the formaldehyde and total volatile organic compound pollution are serious in new residential buildings according to the investigation of indoor air pollution status of residential buildings in China. Appropriate ventilation, as an important means to reduce the concentration of indoor pollutants, is mainly affected by ventilation mode, ventilation performance, ventilation strategies, etc. This paper analyses the status, standards, technologies and products related to residential ventilation and concludes the existing drawbacks in residential ventilation applications in China. Understanding of residential ventilation, and its standards, design methods, technologies, products, also the economy and usability should be given a major consideration to research.

scholarly journals Soil chemistry changes in green alder [Alnus alnobetula (Ehrh.) C. Koch] stands in mountain areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V Podrázský ◽  
I. Ulbrichová
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Green Alder ◽  
The Status

The present study documents the effects of green alder [Alnus alnobetula (Ehrh.) C. Koch] on the uppermost forest soil layers in mountain areas, respectively in the summit part of the Jizerské hory Mts. Pedochemical characteristics of holorganic horizons in stands of this species, established in 1992 on a clear-cut caused by air pollution, were compared to the status of soils in stands of bog pine (Pinus rotundata Link.). Extreme site conditions and young age of both stand types resulted in low effects on the humus forms in the first decade. Despite of this, enrichment in total nitrogen content and tendency to acidification due to nitrate leaching were obvious and statistically significant in green alder stands.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Indoor Air Pollutants From Finishing Material of New Apartments at Business Bay, Dubai

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuloh Jung ◽  
Nahla Al Qassimi ◽  
Mohammad Arar ◽  
Jihad Awad
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Small Chamber ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

Due to fast economic development, Dubai has built many high-rise apartments in a short period of time. The Dubai Municipality attempts to control indoor air quality with strict regulations, but the detailed provisions are still not comprehensive. The objective of this paper is to conduct on-site measurements for new high-rise apartments before moving on to investigate indoor air pollution and to analyze pollutant emissions by type of finishing material. As a methodology, on-site measurements were conducted fornine different housing units (three lower, three middle, and three higher floors) before moving on to investigate the status of indoor air pollution in new apartments. Based on the on-site measurements data, lab experiments with a small chamber for the same finishing materials from the most polluted housing unit (a lower two bedroom unit) were conducted to measure the emission of pollutants over 30 days. The result shows that the average of CH2O (64.4 μg/m3 for studio, 64.5 μg/m3 for one bedroom, and 83.4 μg/m3 for two bedroom) was lower than the standard (100 μg/m3) in all units, while the average TVOC (520.1 μg/m3 in the studio, 509.5 μg/m3 in one bedroom, and 754.7 μg/m3 in two bedroom) exceeded the standard (500 μg/m3) in most of the units. It was proven that regarding the CH2O, silk wallpaper, initial wallpaper, and wallpaper adhesive had the highest emissions and for the TVOC, tile and tile adhesive had the highest emission. During small chamber experiments, CH2O and TVOC emissions tended to decrease gradually over time, but the emission amount changed significantly in high pollutant emission material especially from day 1–10. Therefore, Dubai municipality should establish the regulation for residents to move into their new apartment after at least 10 days to avoid the high polluted emission from the curing process of the interior finishing material.

scholarly journals Holizm pedagogiczny i praktyki edukacyjne

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Aleksander A. Połonnikow
Keyword(s):  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
Time Orientation ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Situational Support ◽  
Operational Unit

The subject of analysis in the article is the phenomenon of pedagogical holism, which is considered as a necessary condition for the organization and implementation of the pedagogical position. At the same time, orientation at pedagogical training towards one or another hypostatic integrity is considered as a condition limiting the creativity of students in the analysis and creation of qualitatively different forms of pedagogical thinking and activity. The creative position of future teachers is interpreted as one of the mechanisms ensuring overcoming the uniformity of the current education. Hypostasized forms of pedagogical holism are opposed by the discursive holism, which is associated with the refusal of pedagogical training from extra-situational support in the organization of pedagogical knowledge, the establishment of presentism ideology and the pedagogical relativism in educational practices. The operational unit of these practices is an utterance created in the acts of educational interaction. At the same time, the pedagogical utterance loses its dominant position associated with the status of the owner of the integrity of development and becomes one of the judgments in the multifaceted educational polylogue, existing as the integrity that arises in the actual educational interactions it produces.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document