scholarly journals O contato vaca-bezerro pós nascimento e o sistema de produção leiteira – revisão de literatura

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Camila Ávila Cordeiro ◽  
◽  
Bruna Stanigher Barbosa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
World Production ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sentient Beings ◽  
Great Evidence

Animal Welfare (BEA) is a practice that is in great evidence today and that began to be applied in the 60s, through the dissemination of the book Animals Machines, by Ruth Harrison and formation of the Brambell committee, in the United Kingdom United. The purpose of the publication was to sensitize readers and the population to a less anthropocentric view of animal production, through the proclamation of proven information that animals of other species are sentient beings, and that domestication is a transformative attitude capable of modifying , intrinsically, its genome with direct result in the production chain. In livestock farming, raising dairy heifers is of great importance for world production and the country's economy, as it is the area of agribusiness that employs the most and grows in Brazil, and therefore, careful care in the first hours after birth and throughout the period of breastfeeding are essential for a healthy physical development of these animals, as well as an adequate behavioral response for the species with an excellent economic result.

By-products from cereal, sugar beet and potato processing

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Barber ◽  
C. R. Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Nutrient Imbalance ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
By Products

From just five industries in the United Kingdom — brewing, distilling, milling, sugar extraction and potato processing — at least 2.7 × 106 mega joules (MJ) of metabolizable energy (ME) and 4 × 105 tonnes of crude protein (CP) are available annually to livestock farming as by-products. This is equivalent to 1.6 × 106 tonnes of barley and 4.7 × 105 tonnes of soya bean meal, although in some cases nutrient density may differ somewhat from that found in barley or soya.A large proportion of the by-products available is already used in animal feeds, either djrectly by the farmer or through inclusion in compound feeds which are then used as components of balanced rations.The materials available are potentially alternative feedstuffs to conventional forages or concentrates. As such they will only form part of a balanced ration and it is in this context that their relative value and usefulness can be judged. In many investigations there has been a tendency to consider particular by-products in isolation and as a consequence any nutrient imbalance has been highlighted to the detriment of the material as an alternative feed. Very few straight feedstuffs contain ratios of nutrients balanced for particular levels of animal production and invariably rations for livestock consist of blends of different materials. Whilst extremes of nutrient imbalance may be identified in individual by-products they are, none the less, wholly suited to blending with other by-products or feeds of contrasting nutrient content in order to produce a completely balanced ration.

scholarly journals Preparing for Doris: Exploring Public Responses to Impact-Based Weather Warnings in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Taylor ◽  
Astrid Kause ◽  
Barbara Summers ◽  
Melanie Harrowsmith
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
Weather Impacts

Abstract In the United Kingdom, the Met Office issues regionally calibrated impact-based weather warnings. These aim to reduce harm to people and property. To decrease risk from severe weather, it is important to understand how members of the U.K. public interpret and act on these warnings. This paper addresses this through a postevent survey (n = 552) conducted following Storm Doris, a 2017 winter storm during which wind warnings were issued across much of the United Kingdom. Survey questions examined 1) understanding of impact-based wind warnings, 2) interpretation of local warning level, 3) predictors of perceived local risk (likelihood, impact severity, concern) implied by warnings, 4) predictors of trust in the forecast, and 5) predictors of recalled and anticipated action. Our findings indicate that U.K. residents generally understand that weather warnings are based on potential weather impacts, although many do not realize warnings are regionally calibrated. We also find that while local warning levels are rarely underestimated, they may sometimes be overestimated. Institutional trust in the Met Office and perceived vulnerability to weather predict both perceived risk and behavioral response, while warning “understandability” is linked to greater trust in the forecast. Strikingly, while differences in local warning levels influenced risk perception, they did not affect recalled or intended behavioral response. This study highlights the importance of institutional trust in the effective communication of severe weather warnings, and a need for education on impact-based weather warnings. Above all, it demonstrates the need for further exploration of the effect of weather warnings on protective behavior.

scholarly journals Who or what has agency in the discussion of antimicrobial resistance in UK news media (2010–2015)? A transitivity analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Curtis Collins ◽  
Rusi Jaspal ◽  
Brigitte Nerlich
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
News Media ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Control Research ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Research Councils

The increase in infections resistant to the existing antimicrobial medicines has become a topic of concern for health professionals, policy makers and publics across the globe; however, among the public there is a sense that this is an issue beyond their control. Research has shown that the news media can have a significant role to play in the public’s understanding of science and medicine. In this article, we respond to a call by research councils in the United Kingdom to study antibiotic or antimicrobial resistance as a social phenomenon by providing a linguistic analysis of reporting on this issue in the UK press. We combine transitivity analysis with a social representations framework to determine who and what the social actors are in discussions of antimicrobial resistance in the UK press (2010–2015), as well as which of those social actors are characterised as having agency in the processes around antimicrobial resistance. Findings show that antibiotics and the infections they are designed to treat are instilled with agency, that there is a tension between allocating responsibility to either doctors-as-prescribers or patients-as-users and collectivisation of the general public as an unspecified ‘we’: marginalising livestock farming and pharmaceutical industry responsibilities.

scholarly journals Listening to Horses

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Dashper
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Multispecies Ethnography ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Vulnerable Subjects ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Sentient Beings

The involvement of nonhuman animals in human sport and leisure raises questions about the ethics of animal use (and sometimes abuse) for human pleasure. This article draws on a multispecies ethnography of amateur riding in the United Kingdom to consider some ways in which human participants try to develop attentive relationships with their equine partners. An ethical praxis of paying attention to horses as individual, sentient beings with intrinsic value beyond their relation to human activities can lead to the development of mutually rewarding interspecies relationships and partnerships within sport. However, these relationships always develop within the context of human-centric power relations that position animals as vulnerable subjects, placing moral responsibility on humans to safeguard animal interests in human sport and leisure.

scholarly journals Pasture weed biology and management in Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagoberto Martins ◽  
◽  
Sidnei Roberto de Marchi ◽  
Ricardo Fagundes Marques ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Production ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Weed Ecology ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Management Alternatives

The livestock production model historically practiced in Brazil has a strong extractive bias, wherein the premise is to produce livestock with absolutely no concern for the preservation or renewal of environmental resources. The absence of technical criteria for the use of pastures has generated low productivity rates, making the activity unsustainable from both economic and environmental points of view. This scenario led the several sectors linked to the production chain to develop a package of strategies to solve the problems faced by livestock farmers. This package of strategies is conventionally called postmodern or corporate farming, in which the extractive process gives way to the business logic of avoiding waste and recovering profit margins mainly through pasture perpetuation. However, there is still a technical gap in corporate cattle farming related to problems caused by pasture weeds because all the concepts applied are derived or copied from concepts generated in agriculture. Furthermore, few researchers have studied or scientific articles written on elucidating the real problem of weeds in livestock production. Thus, the goal of the present review was to present some aspects related to weed ecology, their interference, and management alternatives in pasture areas, thereby collaborating with corporate livestock farming in Brazil because solutions to weed problems are crucial to increase commitment in all sectors of the production chain.

THE CATHOLICS AND THE UNION

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 243-258
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Geoghegan
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Government

AbstractIN late-1800, after the passing of the Union, Lord Cornwallis wrote a carefully argued paper on Catholic emancipation in which he posed the chilling question:What then have we done? We have united ourselves to a people whom we ought in policy to have destroyed.That Cornwallis, one of the leading proponents of both the Union and Catholic emancipation, should have put the question in such stark terms is revealing. For him, Union without emancipation was worthless; the government would not secure the loyalty of the country, and there would never be a genuine uniting of the peoples on the two islands. The lord-lieutenant's analysis summed up the challenge facing the government towards the end of 1800: how to reconcile the claims of the Catholics with the fears of the Protestants before the beginning of the united kingdom on 1 January. This was a critical issue, because over the previous two years the government had tried to make the Union appear all things to all men, and all creeds. For some, the Union was supported because it seemed to be the best mechanism for securing Catholic emancipation; for others it was welcomed as a way of closing the door on the Catholics for ever. The political crisis of 1801 was a direct result of this confusion and culminated in both the collapse of the ministry and the end of Cornwallis's hopes of making the Union complete.

A Comparison of the Application of ‘Energy from Municipal Solid Waste’ Technology in Three Countries—the United Kingdom, Sweden and Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
A A Krol ◽  
C G Dent
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
R And D ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
The Individual

The United Kingdom, Sweden and Canada are participants in an International Energy Agency programme designed to co-ordinate R and D activity on energy from waste (EFW) technologies. The scope and content of the individual national R and D programmes are a direct result of the different institutional, economic and environmental factors that govern application of such technologies in each country. A description of these factors is given together with an assessment of their influence in shaping the existing and likely future role of landfill gas, refuse-derived fuel and mass incineration in each country.

scholarly journals Marks & Spencer and the Decline of the British Textile Industry, 1950–2000

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Toms ◽  
Qi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Face

From the end of World War II, British clothing retailers—most notably, Marks & Spencer (M&S)—increasingly dominated the domestic textile industry, to some extent arresting its decline. This article uses financial and archival evidence to examine the distribution of costs and benefits in the M&S vertical network. It shows that these benefits became less tangible for textile firms from around 1985, in the context of lower-cost overseas competition. We chart the visible and invisible evolution of network management, demonstrating that retailer-producer collaboration evolved from a bilateral vertical partnership model to a hybrid version that retained partnerships with leading suppliers and an emphasis on domestic sourcing, but also facilitated offshore production. Since 1945, staple domestic industries in Western economies have been replaced with global production networks. In the United Kingdom, the cotton textile industry, and then the textile industry in general, declined in the face of increasing overseas competition. Survival strategies were based on restructuring and concentration. During a period of rapid transformation after 1960, cotton was absorbed into vertically structured textile conglomerates. Still, the decline continued, and as protection was phased out, fabric and apparel manufacturing faced similar threats, although rates of decline and strategic response depended on relative position in the vertical production chain. An alternative survival strategy based on vertical partnerships was led by retailers, particularly the dominant clothing retailer Marks & Spencer (M&S).

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