scholarly journals Comparative analysis of key indicators on the basis of processing crude oil of different compositions in the fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
R.O Orynbassar ◽  
◽  
T.S. Kaynenova ◽  
L.K. Tastanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Key Indicators

The main problem in the oil refining industry is variable composition of raw materials. In order to produce high-quality products, it is proposed to forecast and plan the production activity of oil refinery depending on the composition of raw materials. For this purpose, comparisons were made for oil fields in the Aktobe region and for open distillates obtained during primary pumping. The main indicators of oil from the Alibekmola and Bozoi fields, i.e. the relative density and viscosity of oil and petroleum products are determined under laboratory conditions. It was found that depending on the component composition and location of the field, the main indicators of oil are different. These indicators are important for determining the quality, efficiency of application, selection of the processing scheme, transportation of oil and petroleum products. In addition, it allows to optimize the processing process,monitor constantly the operation mode and get high-quality products.

OBTAINING DIESEL FUEL WITH IMPROVED PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
A. Trotsenko ◽  
A. Grigorov ◽  
V. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Periodical Literature ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Fuel Density ◽  
Improved Performance

It is known that one of the ways to increase the level of operational properties of diesel fuels is the injection of special components – additives – into their composition. Today this way is a quite rational and economically feasible for Ukraine, especially in the absence of high-quality oil raw materials for the production of fuels, which in turn leads to a significant dependence on imports. The range of additives used in diesel fuels is very diverse, which makes it difficult to select a balanced package, especially considering their effectiveness and compatibility with each other. This procedure can be a bit simplified by adding poly-functional additives to diesel fuel, the use of which is devoted to a lot of periodical literature. Based on the relevance of the direction of scientific research related to improving the properties of diesel fuel, which is produced at the enterprises of the oil refining industry in Ukraine, we proposed to use a substance belonging to the class of aromatic diazocompounds and having polyfunctional properties in the composition of diesel fuels. Thus, this additive was added to a straight-run diesel fraction (240–350 °C) in an amount of up to 1.0%, followed by a study of the properties of the resulting mixture. Studies have shown that the additive significantly improves low-temperature properties (by -10 °C), contributes to an increase in fuel density and viscosity, and additionally gives diesel fuel a stable color (from yellow to orange). Consequently, it can be used in the composition of commercial diesel fuels with improved performance properties.

scholarly journals Extractive Deasphaltization the Method for Obtaining Bituminous Binders and Processing Natural Bitumens

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
I. N. Goncharova ◽  
◽  
I. Sh. Khusnutdinov ◽  
T. N. Kachalova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bituminous Binders

Natural bitumen refers to unconventional sources of hydrocarbon raw materials, the development of which is one of the most important urgent tasks in oil refining. Along with the development of new deposits, problems arise with transportation and processing. To solve these problems, extraction deasphalting is proposed, which allows the use of natural bitumen to transport natural bitumen to refineries without the use of additional diluents. The main focus of the extraction approach is the production of low-viscosity deasphalted oil and high-quality road bitumen.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS IN THE FIELD OF EXTRACTION AND PROCESSING OF HYDROCARBON RAW MATERIALS IN NOVOSIBIRSK REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Irina Provornaya
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Regional Product

Based on the multivariate spatial model, the paper shows the relationship between the factors of the oil industry (oil production, oil refining, consumption of basic petroleum products) and the main economic indicator (gross regional product) of the Novosibirsk region. It is revealed that with the increase in the capacity of the MIC-oil and subject to further exploration of oil fields with the use of new technologies, revenues to the regional budget from oil companies in the region can be about 5 %. The measures aimed at increasing the level of social responsibility and improving the quality of the environment at the enterprises of the oil industry of the Novosibirsk region are defined.

scholarly journals Liquid-Phase Separation Of Oil Sludges In The Field Of Centrifugal Forces Using A Deemulgator

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yakhyayev Nodir ◽  
◽  
Raximov Bekzod ◽  
Alikabulob Shukhrat ◽  
Shukrullayev Botir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

The process of separation of oil sludge, which is obtained after cleaning the oil refining units of the Bukhara oil refinery, is presented. Methods of obtaining petroleum liquid rafinate using several experimental laboratory installations for liquid-phase separation of oil sludge in a centrifugal force field with the use of a deemulgator "Disolvan-4411" and sawdust from the processing of old furniture of local raw materials are used. The composition and amount of heavy sediment and clarified oil products from oil sludge were obtained

GEOECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF UNDERGROUND WATER POLLUTION IN THE AREA OF OIL PRODUCTION AND OIL REFINING INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
SHAKIRZYANOV ARTUR M. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Ground Water Pollution

Relevance of the work: Currently, the oil production and refining industry has a huge impact on underground water. The negative impact of petroleum products on the environment, including the pollution of underground water, is quite relevant not only around the world, but also specifically in our region. The purpose of the work: to reveal the influence of the oil-producing and oil-refining industries on underground water, to reveal the sources of pollution, pollutants in the areas of the oil-producing and oil-refining industries, as well as the conditions for the protection of underground water. Method of work: analysis of literary sources, scientific research. The results of the work and the scope of their application: Groundwater pollution is local or regional in nature, it occurs under the influence of man-made and natural processes. It is established that the flow of petroleum products and oil into underground waters is possible due to the leakage of raw materials at the stage of preparation for transportation and transportation of petroleum products, at the stage of operation and drilling of wells, etc., and the most dangerous pollutants are ground water pollution. The danger of contamination of underground waters with oil and petroleum products is dangerous because in this regard, various bacteria develop in underground waters that can cause various mutations, diseases; underground water is a strategic reserve of drinking water; it is almost impossible to clean underground water when oil wells break through; self-purification of underground water occurs for a long time. To reduce the negative impact, it is necessary to carefully monitor the performance of equipment, adhere to certain standards at oil production and oil refining enterprises.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

Assessment of the impact of factors of the working environment on the health of workers in oil refining based on the analysis of morbidity

2020 ◽  
pp. 600-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Ginko ◽  
T. M. Sushinskaya ◽  
A. L. Rybina
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
The Impact

Studies have been conducted to assess the impact of factors of the production environment on employees of the oil refinery ofJSC «Naftan». Significant differences with the comparison group on the indicators of SVT were revealed. Priority nosological forms of employees of the main group are identified.

Comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shcheglova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Medical University

The article presents results of the study of a comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), growing in the Botanical Garden of the First Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov. The studies were carried out using gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative difference in the component composition of the essential oil obtained from fresh and dried raw materials was determined as a result of the study.

scholarly journals Novel Cs2HfCl6 Crystal Scintillator: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Physics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-351
Author(s):  
Serge Nagorny
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Main Element ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crystal Sample ◽  
Discrimination Ability

Recent progress in Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) crystal production achieved within the last five years is presented. Various aspects have been analyzed, including the chemical purity of raw materials, purification methods, optimization of the growth and thermal conditions, crystal characterization, defect structure, and internal radioactive background. Large volume, crack-free, and high quality CHC crystals with an ultimate scintillating performance were produced as a result of such extensive research and development (R & D) program. For example, the CHC crystal sample with dimensions ∅23 × 30 mm3 demonstrates energy resolution of 3.2% FWHM at 662 keV, the relative light output at the level of 30,000 ph/MeV and excellent linearity down to 20 keV. Additionally, this material exhibits excellent pulse shape discrimination ability and low internal background of less than 1 Bq/kg. Furthermore, attempts to produce a high quality CHC crystal resulted in research on this material optimization by constitution of either alkali ions (Cs to Tl), or main element (Hf to Zr), or halogen ions (Cl to Br, I, or their mixture in different ratio), as well as doping with various active ions (Te4+, Ce3+, Eu3+, etc.). This leads to a range of new established scintillating materials, such as Tl2HfCl6, Tl2ZrCl6, Cs2HfCl4Br2, Cs2HfCl3Br3, Cs2ZrCl6, and Cs2HfI6. To exploit the whole potential of these compounds, detailed studies of the material’s fundamental properties, and understanding of the variety of the luminescence mechanisms are required. This will help to understand the origin of the high light yield and possible paths to further extend it. Perspectives of CHC crystals and related materials as detectors for rare nuclear processes are also discussed.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Bagasse as a Co-Substrate with Oil-Refinery Biological Sludge for Biogas Production Using Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion Technology: Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Gasim Hayder Ahmed Salih ◽  
Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba ◽  
Azmatullah Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Biological Sludge

Man-made organic waste leads to the rapid proliferation of pollution around the globe. Effective bio-waste management can help to reduce the adverse effects of organic waste while contributing to the circular economy at the same time. The toxic oily-biological sludge generated from oil refineries’ wastewater treatment plants is a potential source for biogas energy recovery via anaerobic digestion. However, the oily-biological sludge’s carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio is lower than the ideal 20–30 ratio required by anaerobic digestion technology for biogas production. Sugarcane bagasse can be digested as a high C/N co-substrate while the oily-biological sludge acts as a substrate and inoculum to improve biogas production. In this study, the best C/N with co-substrate volatile solids (VS)/inoculum VS ratios for the co-digestion process of mixtures were determined empirically through batch experiments at temperatures of 35–37 °C, pH (6–8) and 60 rpm mixing. The raw materials were pre-treated mechanically and thermo-chemically to further enhance the digestibility. The best condition for the sugarcane bagasse delignification process was 1% (w/v) sodium hydroxide, 1:10 solid-liquid ratio, at 100 °C, and 150 rpm for 1 h. The results from a 33-day batch anaerobic digestion experiment indicate that the production of biogas and methane yield were concurrent with the increasing C/N and co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios. The total biogas yields from C/N 20.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.06 and C/N 30.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.18 ratios were 2777.0 and 9268.0 mL, respectively, including a methane yield of 980.0 and 3009.3 mL, respectively. The biogas and methane yield from C/N 30.0 were higher than the biogas and methane yields from C/N 20.0 by 70.04 and 67.44%, respectively. The highest biogas and methane yields corresponded with the highest C/N with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios (30.0 and 0.18), being 200.6 mL/g VSremoved and 65.1 mL CH4/g VSremoved, respectively.

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