scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Intervention Protocol to Improve Disordered Eating Behavior and Body Image in the Treatment of Body Image Disturbance and Eating Behaviors among Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-241
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Body Image Disorder

Introduction and Objectives: The manifestations of body image disorder in the eating disorder have been assessed on the cognitive-affective component; however, there is no evidence about these disorders on the behavior and perceptual components. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention protocol to improve unique eating behaviors and body image in the treatment of body image disorder and eating behaviors among women. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group using an applied research method. The statistical population consisted of all women who referred to weight loss centers in Tehran, Iran, during 2018. The data were collected using the Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire and Body Image Concern Inventory. In total, 30 women were selected through a random sampling method and assigned randomly into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Subsequently, the experimental group participated in eight intervention sessions per week intending to improve body posture and image. Results: The results of the multivariate covariance analysis showed that the eating behavior (P=0.001, F=62.889) was statistically significant at 0.05. The effect size of this intervention was approximately 70% on eating behavior and body image, which was acceptable in this study. Conclusion: The intervention protocol to improve eating and body image had a significant effect on eating disorders and body image. However, there is a need for more replications, as well as more robust, randomized, and controlled trials to improve the methodological standard of intervention studies in this area.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Schema Therapy in Psychological Distress, Body Image, and Eating Disorder Beliefs in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

2020 ◽  
pp. 184-189
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Body Image Concern ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Age Range

Background and Objective: Due to the role of recognition in eating disorders, the identification of core beliefs and cognitive schemas becomes debatable. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy in psychological distress, body image, and eating disorder beliefs in anorexic patients. Materials and Methods: This was an applied quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the study included patients with an eating disorder, attending the psychological, clinical psychiatric, and obesity treatment centers in Ahvaz, Iran, within the age range of 16-23 years in 2019. The subjects were selected using the purposive sampling method. In this study, the pretest (i.e., filling out the Eating Disorder Beliefs Questionnaire [EDBQ]) was performed before the schema therapy intervention. Then, the intervention was conducted on the experimental group; however, no intervention was carried out for the control group. After the termination of the treatment sessions (12 sessions of 45 min), the posttest was performed. Finally, 3 months following the termination of the treatment, the follow-up test was conducted. The data were obtained using the EDBQ, Psychological Distress Questionnaire, and Body Image Concern Inventory. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software (version 22). Results: The results of the present study showed that schema therapy led to a decrease in psychological distress (F=157.36, P<0.0001, Eta=0.89), body image concern (F=8.03, P<0.001, Eta=0.29), and eating disorder beliefs (F=13.85, P<0.0001, Eta=0.91). Conclusion: It can be concluded that schema therapy reduces psychological distress, body image concerns, and eating disorder beliefs

scholarly journals The Effect of Music Therapy on Problem-Solving Skills

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Zeinab Sirous Jahedi ◽  
Nasser Amini Khoi
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

<p>The aim of the present research was study of the impact of music therapy on problem-solving skills of 4 to 6 years old children in Tehran. This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population was all 4 to 6 years old children in region 2 of Tehran. Using the random sampling method, the study sample was chosen in two experiment (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups.   The experiment group received 12 sessions of music therapy and the control group was waiting for treatment meanwhile. To evaluate the problem-solving skill in children, the three subscales of Wechsler’s Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) were used, including: mazes, cubes and arithmetic.  Analysis of data obtained from the questionnaires was conducted in two parts of descriptive and inferential. The data analysis indicated the significant increase of problem-solving average score of the experiment group compared to the control group.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Transactional Analysis Approach Group Training on Psychological Capitals and the Temptation of Methadone-Treated Addicts

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-171
Keyword(s):  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Training ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Replacement Method ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Approach Group

Background and Objective: Drug addiction is one of the health and social challenges of the present age, and psychological capital is among the protective factors in its prevention. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Transactional Analysis (TA) approach group training on psychological capitals and the temptation of methadone-treated addicts. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all methadone-treated addicts in addiction treatment clinics in Mashhad, Iran. Out of this population, 30 cases were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) using the random replacement method. The data were then collected through Luthans's Psychological Capitals and Wright's Craving Beliefs Questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) through univariate and multivariate covariance. Results: The findings showed that the TA approach had a positive and significant effect on psychological capitals and its components (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism) (P<0.001). It also had a significant effect on reducing the temptation of the recurrence of methadone-treated addicts (P<0.001). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the TA approach group training can help decrease methadone-treated addicts’ psychological problems, and it can be used in counseling and addiction treatment centers

scholarly journals The Effect of Compassion-Based Counseling on Marital Intimacy of Conflicted Couples

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Marital Intimacy ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Background: The occurrence of marital conflicts decreases the quality of communication between couples and marital intimacy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of compassion-based counseling on marital intimacy of conflicted couples in Isfahan. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all couples referring to Isfahan counseling centers in 1396. The sample size was 30 couples who were selected by purposive non-random sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The intervention group received compassion-based counseling intervention for 8 sessions which lasted an hour and a half for 2 months. Then, subjects in both groups were examined. The instruments used were the marital conflict questionnaire and marital intimacy questionnaire. After collecting the questionnaires and extracting the raw data, data were analyzed by SPSS (version 23) using descriptive statistics and covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that compassion-based counseling had a significant effect on the marital intimacy of couples in the post-test phase (P < 0.0001). This treatment could increase the marital intimacy of conflicted couples. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that compassion-based therapy using techniques such as mindfulness training, empathy, and sympathy for oneself and managing difficult emotions can enhance the marital intimacy of the conflicted couples. In this regard, compassion-based therapy can be used as an effective treatment to increase the marital intimacy of conflicted couples.

scholarly journals Subjective Well-Being and Psychosocial Adjustment: Examining the Effects of an Intervention Based on the Sport Education Model on Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4570
Author(s):  
Pablo Luna ◽  
Alba Rodríguez-Donaire ◽  
Débora Rodrigo-Ruiz ◽  
Javier Cejudo
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sport Education ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Education Model ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on the Sport Education model, compared to an intervention based on the traditional model of Direct Instruction in children. The intervention was carried out during school hours for 18 sessions of 50-min each. The sample was made up of 146 children aged 10–12 years (M = 10.78 years; SD = 1.07 years). Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 87) and a control group (n = 59). A quasi-experimental design with repeated pretest and posttest evaluations with the control group was implemented. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale for children and adolescents (PANASN) was used to assess the affective component of subjective well-being. The Child and Adolescent Behavior Assessment System (BASC) was used to assess psychosocial adjustment. The results showed significant improvements in the affective component of subjective well-being and a reduction in anxiety in favor of the experimental group. Our current results show the methodological and practical efficacy of a Sport Education intervention.

Changes in neuronal correlates of body image processing by means of cognitive-behavioural body image therapy for eating disorders: a randomized controlled fMRI study

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1651-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vocks ◽  
D. Schulte ◽  
M. Busch ◽  
D. Grönemeyer ◽  
S. Herpertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

BackgroundPrevious neuroimaging studies have demonstrated abnormalities in visual body image processing in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, possibly underlying body image disturbance in these disorders. Although cognitive behavioural interventions have been shown to be successful in improving body image disturbance in eating disorders, no randomized controlled study has yet analysed treatment-induced changes in neuronal correlates of visual body image processing.MethodAltogether, 32 females with eating disorders were randomly assigned either to a manualized cognitive behavioural body image therapy consisting of 10 group sessions, or to a waiting list control condition. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, brain responses to viewing photographs of one's own and another female's body taken from 16 standardized perspectives while participants were wearing a uniform bikini were acquired before and after the intervention and the waiting time, respectively.ResultsData indicate a general blood oxygen level dependent signal enhancement in response to looking at photographs of one's own body from pre- to post-treatment, whereas exclusively in the control group activation decreases from pre- to post-waiting time were observed. Focused activation increases from pre- to post-treatment were found in the left middle temporal gyrus covering the coordinates of the extrastriate body area and in bilateral frontal structures including the middle frontal gyrus.ConclusionsResults point to a more intense neuronal processing of one's own body after the cognitive behavioural body image therapy in cortical regions that are responsible for the visual processing of the human body and for self-awareness.

scholarly journals Body Image Disturbances Have Impact on the Sexual Problems in Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biyu Shen ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Haoyang Chen ◽  
Chunmei Zhao ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Sexual Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Partner Relationships

SLE might affect all aspects of life including sexual functioning; previous study found that body image disturbance (BID) was the most powerful predictors of impaired partner relationships and sexual function. The current study investigated the relationship among disease parameters, quality of life, the psychological status, BID, and sexual problems in Chinese patients with SLE. A self-report survey design was administered to 168 SLE patients and 210 healthy individuals. Our results showed that 86 (55.1%) SLE patients reported impaired relationships with a sexual partner or partners, and 100 (64.1%) patients reported impaired sexual function which were significantly higher than the control group (31.6%, 35.7%, rep.). Age, marital status, depression, and BIDQ were the most powerful predictors of impaired partner relationships, while BIDQ3 and education, disease activity, and depression were the most significant causes of impaired sexual function. The study for first time reported Chinese SLE patients had sexual problems and BID was associated with sexual problems. So, early detection and interventions might not only rehabilitate the patients and their loved ones, but also improve overall health outcomes and reduce the direct and indirect costs of their medical care.

Body-Image Disturbances in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirja Kalliopuska
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Ego Identity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Identity Problem ◽  
Body Image Disturbances ◽  
Image Projections

Body-image disturbances are studied by the Draw-A-Person test given to the anorexia nervosa group of 32 and a control group of 30. The Machover scoring system was used. Two new scales were also constructed, the index of disturbed body image and the unity index of the body image. Machover's method differentiated groups from each other statistically significantly including the new ones: the unity index of body image made by Kalliopuska and Siimes in 1980 and Kalliopuska's index of disturbed body image in 1981. Factor analysis of items gave six factors: severe body-image disturbance, body-image adequacy, hostility, regression, unsureness and faltering in body image, and ego-identity problem. Body-image projections varied greatly as the nature of anorexia nervosa is multidimensional.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN BODY IMAGE COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY TERHADAP SISWI SMK YANG MEMILIKI CITRA TUBUH NEGATIF

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Nurul Fazriah ◽  
Susi Fitri ◽  
Aip Badrudjaman
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Wilcoxon Sign Rank

Penelitian Quasi eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Body Image Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (BI-CBT) terhadap Siswi kelas XI di SMK Negeri 1 Babelan yang Memiliki Citra Tubuh Negatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Babelan sebanyak 6 orang pada kelompok tretment dan 6 orang pada kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan sampel menggunaakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen, dengan desain Quasi experimental design dan bentuk desain Non-equivalent Control Group Design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner MBSRQ dan dianalisis menggunakan  Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai sig.=  0.028  pada  kelompok  treatment  yang  berarti  nilai  probabilitas lebih kecil dari nilai signifikansi α =  0.05, dengan demikian dapat  disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima.  Hasil  analisis dapat  diartikan  bahwa  Konseling kelompok pendekatan Body Image Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (BI-CBT)  berpengaruh  terhadap body image siswi kelas XI di SMK Negeri 1 Babelan. Siswi  yang  telah mengikuti Konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan Body Image Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (BI-CBT) dapat memahami dirinya dan mengendalikan pola pikir serta perasaannya terhadap caranya memandang dirinya dan tanggapan dari orang lain. Hal tersebut membuat siswi menjadi lebih mampu untuk menerima diri dan tampil lebih percaya diri.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Cognitive and Sensorimotor Exercises on the Functional Balance of the Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Shaykh ◽  
Zinat Ayazi Vanani ◽  
Fazllolah Bagherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Elderly Living ◽  
Tinetti Test

Background and aims: The elderly living in nursing homes have different motor situations compared with their peers, which can affect different motor functions. Investigating the characteristics of balance has always been of interest to researchers due to its importance in the functional independence of the elderly. Thus, the present research aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive and sensorimotor exercises on the functional balance of the elderly. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed with the intragroup comparison design, as well as pre- and post-test measurement stages in Iran during 2017. A total of 60 elders were chosen through the convenience sampling method. Accordingly, the subjects were matched in four groups after performing the pretest with demographic, physical activity readiness, and Mini-Mental State Examination questionnaires and Tinetti test. Each group performed eight exercise situations lasting for 5-10 seconds by taking the overload principle into account throughout 24 sessions. The statistical population of this research consisted of the elderly living in nursing homes under the supervision of the Welfare Organization of Shiraz, including 875 individuals. In general, 60 subjects were chosen through a voluntary method (age: 61.7 ± 7.6 years old, weight: 65.2± 16.2 kg, and height: 157.7± 6.7 cm). During the data collection, 14 subjects left the study for different reasons. The balance characteristics were measured by the Tinetti test. Finally, statistical analysis was performed through the difference of the scores of measurement stages and by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results: The comparison of cognitive, sensorimotor, and combined groups with the control group regarding the dependent variables of the research indicated that cognitive exercises have no significant effect on balance (P=0.103), while the sensorimotor (P=0.002) and combined (P=0.002) exercises were effective on balance. Conclusion: In general, the significance of the balance following sensorimotor and combined exercises compared to the insignificance of cognitive exercises can highlight the importance of sensorimotor exercises in the balance of the elderly living in nursing homes.

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