scholarly journals Evaluation of proteinase and phospholipase activity of Candida albicans strains isolated from the mouth of patients with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in Qazvin province: Short Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 402-407
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Phospholipase Activity ◽  
Host Cell Membrane ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Pathophysiological changes in the mouth of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) predispose to overgrowth of Candida albicans. Various virulence factors such as proteinase and phospholipase production are involved in the process of degradation of the host cell membrane. These enzymes are involved in binding Candida species, especially in the hyphae stage, to the target tissue. In this study, the proteinase and phospholipase activity of 51 C. albicans strains was evaluated. Overall, the rates of proteolytic and phospholipase activities in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were 90.2% and 72.5%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between proteinase and phospholipase activities in both groups of patients (P>0.05), while there was a significant difference between the activity of hydrolytic enzymes with HbA1C and dentures in the uncontrolled diabetic group (P<0.05). According to the importance of hydrolytic enzymes activity of C. albicans species in diabetic patients, oral health of diabetic patients to control and prevent disease progression in these patients is essential.

scholarly journals When Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus and Severe COVID-19 Converge: The Perfect Storm for Mucormycosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Teny M. John ◽  
Ceena N. Jacob ◽  
Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Perfect Storm

Mucormycosis (MCR) has been increasingly described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but the epidemiological factors, presentation, diagnostic certainty, and outcome of such patients are not well described. We review the published COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAMCR) cases (total 41) to identify risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes. CAMCR was typically seen in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (94%) especially the ones with poorly controlled DM (67%) and severe or critical COVID-19 (95%). Its presentation was typical of MCR seen in diabetic patients (mostly rhino-orbital and rhino-orbital-cerebral presentation). In sharp contrast to reported COVID-associated aspergillosis (CAPA) cases, nearly all CAMCR infections were proven (93%). Treating physicians should have a high suspicion for CAMCR in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and severe COVID-19 presenting with rhino-orbital or rhino-cerebral syndromes. CAMR is the convergence of two storms, one of DM and the other of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Giardia Intestinalis in Dyspeptic and Diabetic Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Derviş Hakim ◽  
Şafak Kızıltaş ◽  
Hilmi Çiftçi ◽  
Şafak Göktaş ◽  
İlyas Tuncer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Healthy Persons

Background and Aims. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of Giardiasis in patients with dyspepsia and patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods. 400 patients and 100 healthy persons were included in this clinical prospective study. The number of patients in each group was equal, 200 dyspeptic and 200 diabetic, respectively. The antigen of G. lntestinalis was determined in the stool specimens by ELISA method. Results. The frequency of Giardiasis was 7% in dyspeptic and 15% in diabetic patients. There was no positive results in any of the healthy persons. There was a significant difference in prevalence rate of Giardiasis between patients with dyspepsia and diabetes mellitus (P<0.05). Conclusions. These results revealed that the prevalence of Giardiasis in dyspepsia and with diabetes mellitus was high in our country. This is the first study investigating the prevalence of Giardiasis in diabetic patients. To investigate Giardiasis in diabetic patients, who have dyspepsia or not, may be a good approach for public health.

scholarly journals Study of pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2375
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar A. ◽  
Raj Kumar K. ◽  
Nithin Kumar Reddy R.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Bilateral Lesion ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: To study the clinical profile of pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients and to study the radiographic patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients.Methods: The study was undertaken on 100 patients with diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis of both sexes admitted to Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Bommakal, Karimnagar.Results: The fasting blood sugar value showed a definite co-relation with pulmonary tuberculosis. 41% of the patients had fasting blood sugar value between 201 to 300mg/dl and 30% had value between 151-200mg/dl and 23% of the patients had value above 300mg/dl. Mean fasting blood sugar value was 234.4mg/dl. Right sided lung lesions were noted in 37% of the cases and left sided lesions in 33% of the cases. Upper lobe lesions were noted in 68% of the cases and bilateral lesion in 30% of the study group.Conclusions: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients are more prone to develop pulmonary tuberculosis compared to non diabetics. Sputum examination tends to be positive in diabetics compared to non diabetics.

scholarly journals Study Comparing the Liver Enzymes in Hypertensive and Normotensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Rishad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Altered Liver

Objective: There were few clinical trials which indicate altered liver biochemical findings in diabetic patients, but through investigation to compare the liver enzymes in-between hypertensive and normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes was not evaluated. Thus main objective of current study was to compare the liver enzymes in hypertensive and normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary medical teaching hospital in Kolkata. Hospital OPD reports and patients clinical case records were used to fetch the required data in a predesigned clinical record pro forma. Result: Total 180 patients were participated in this observational retrospective trial where 33% patient were normotensive but having T2DM and 67% patients were hypertensive with T2DM. There were no statistically significant differences between the study variables among both the groups. However elevated level of GGT, ALT and AST were observed in T2DM normotensive patients as compare to T2DM hypertensive patients. abnormal liver functions were recorded in patients with uncontrolled diabetes as compared to patients with good control (p<0.05). Conclusion: The current study concluded that elevated liver enzymes like bilirubin, GGT, SGOT and SGPT were common among diabetes mellitus patients and comparable with patients with hypertensive as well as normotensive patients with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Liver enzymes, T2DM, hypertension.

Clinical Implications of Anxiety in Diabetes: A Critical Review of the Evidence Base

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mitsonis ◽  
N. Dimopoulos ◽  
V. Psarra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Introduction:Substantial literature supports clinically important associations between anxiety and chronic medical conditions. Diabetes is among the most psychologically and behaviorally demanding chronic medical illnesses. Anxiety has been associated with poor glycemic control, regimen adherence, and with accelerated rates of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients.Aim:The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the role of clinically significant anxiety in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods:MEDLINE, EMBASE and PSYCINFO databases were searched using the combined search terms diabetes, diabetes mellitus, anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders. Published reference lists were also examined. In total 25 studies were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Results:Anxiety was present in 41.7% of diabetic patients. There was no significant difference between those with Types 1 and types 2 diabetes. The rate of elevated symptoms was significantly higher in diabetic women than in diabetic men. General anxiety disorder was the most prevalent of the clinical disorders and was found in 13.2% of the diabetic patients. The rates of the other anxiety disorders were within the range of those reported in community studies. Treatment of anxiety was associated with improved glycemic control, particularly in the subgroup of patients with severe anxiety.Conclusions:Emerging data offer a strong argument for the role of anxiety in diabetes. Psychological interventions and/ or pharmacological treatments in patients with diabetes are needed, in order to increase treatment adherence and control of the disease and improve patients’ functioning and quality of life.

STUDY ON LEVEL OF ANTI GAD AND ICA AUTOANTIBODIES IN PATIENTSWITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2016 ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Phuong Phan ◽  
Dinh Thanh Truong
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Background: Autoantibodies anti GAD and ICA associated to the autoimmune process of patients with diabetes. Detection of these antibodies in progessive diabeticpatients is very necessary because the presence of anti GAD and ICA can predict the progression of the disease to insulin-dependent diabetes in the future. This study was carried out with aims: (1) to define the positive rate, anti GAD and ICA level in patients with diabetes. (2) to evaluate the correlation between anti GAD and ICA with several clinical and paraclinical features of diabetic patients. Materials and method: 88 patients diagnosed of diabetes by the criteria of ADA 2014, withfasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or≥ 7,0 mmol/L) and HbA1C> 6.5%. Indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure those autoantibodies of anti GAD and ICA, kits were supplied by DRG company, Germany. Results: the anti GAD positive rate was 10.2%; mean of level of anti GAD was 1.44±0.25 U/mL. ICA positive ratewas 9.1%; mean of level of ICA was 1.44±0.12 U/mL. Positive rate with anti GAD and/or ICA was 19.3%. About the correlation between level of anti GAD, ICA with some of clinical features, we found only the statistically significant difference with p<0.05 between blur vision in the group of ICA level > 1.25U/mL with group of ICA level< 1.25U/mL. About the paraclinical features, the difference with statistical significance (p<0.05) of HbA1C>6.5% was found between the group with anti GAD> 1.05U/mLand the one with anti GAD< 1.00U/mLand also betweenthe group of ICA > 1.25 U/mL and ICA < 1.25 U/mL. Key words: autoantibody anti glutamic acid decarboxylase, islet cell autoantibodies, diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Study of TSH level at the time of diagnosis of Hypothyroidism in patients with Diabetes Mellitus- A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Indu K.C. ◽  
S Ghimire ◽  
R Deo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: To evaluate the difference in the level of TSH in diabetic and non diabetic patients at the time of the diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Methods: 100 diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism, 50 with diabetes and 50 without diabetes were studied. The level of TSH at the time of diagnosis and other information were obtained from the medical records. Results: The mean TSH in patients with the history of diabetes at the diagnosis of hypothyroidism was 19.9616±26.990 and in those without the history of the diabetes was 10.4797±6.503 (p value 0.018). The females with diabetes had higher level of TSH level at the time of diagnosis of hypothyroidism than females without diabetes (p value 0.045). There was no statistically significant difference in the level of TSH in males with and without diabetes at the time of diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes mellitus had higher level of TSH at the time of diagnosis of hypothyroidism in comparison to those without diabetes. Early identification of the raised TSH levels in diabetic patients and timely intervention will help to reduce the chances of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and diabetic kidney disease in this group of patients.

scholarly journals Estimation of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) Levels In Type 1 Diabetic Mellitus Patients

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2292-2294
Author(s):  
Ousamha Akram Saterr ◽  
Abeer J. Hassan ◽  
Qahtan Adnan Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

High glucose levels in patients with diabetes are associated with increased plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules. They could explain that the patients with diabetes mellitus will require the development of premature atherosclerosis related to hyperglycemia or hyperinsulinemia and that it not only affects vascular endothelium but also contributes to the development of microvascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the serum concentration of VCAM-1 in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Also, investigation the association of insulin levels, duration of diabetes, and HbA1C with VCAM-1. Include in this study a total of 60 types 1 diabetic patient. According to characteristic laboratory investigations and electrocardiogram (ECG), they were subdivided into two groups (G1) 30 T1DM patients without cardiovascular disease and (G2) 30 T1DM patients with cardiovascular disease in addition to 30 healthy subjects as a control group (G3). All subjects measured the levels of fasting blood glucose FBG, glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, and insulin levels, and VCAM-1 were also determined by ELISA technique. This study shows a highly significant difference in the average diabetic profile between G1 and G2 compared to the control group and found that VCAM-1 level was significantly higher among diabetic patients than the control group. Also, there was a significant negative correlation of VCAM-1 with the levels of FBG, HbA1c in diabetic patients G1 and G2. While insulin had a positive correlation in G1 but correlated negatively in G2

scholarly journals Metformin Intake Suppresses The Degree of Liver Metastasis From Colorectal Cancer In Diabetic Patients But Does Not Improve Their Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Saito ◽  
Joji Kitayama ◽  
Hisanaga Horie ◽  
Koji Koinuma ◽  
Hideyuki Ohzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background: Metformin reduces the risk of, and mortality from, colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, the effect of metformin on patients with stage IV disease is unknown. In the present study we reviewed the clinical features and outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus and stage IV colorectal cancer (M1, liver metastases) treated with or without metformin.Methods: The 202 patients with colorectal cancer and macroscopic liver metastasis who were treated in the Department of Surgery or Department of Clinical Oncology at Jichi Medical University Hospital from January 2006 through June 2019 were surveyed treatment of diabetes, clinical and pathological factor and prognosis of these patients. Results: We retrospectively examined the effect of metformin use on outcomes in 32 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Hepatic metastases were stage H1 in 8/8 patients taking metformin and stage H2-3 in 17/24 non-users. Of 22 patients who underwent colectomy, colorectal tumors were pT4 in 5 metformin users, and pT2-3 in 10/17 non-users. The mean survival of metformin users and non-users was equal (28.0 mo vs 29.3 mo, p>.05). No significant difference was detected when survival was compared between 6 metformin users and 19 non-users who received systemic chemotherapy. Conclusion: These results suggest that metformin has less potent anti-tumor effects in patients with advanced stage disease. Metformin for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer requires further study.

scholarly journals Optimal Strategy for Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in High-Risk “TWILIGHT-like” Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Yu Wang ◽  
Zhong-Xing Cai ◽  
Dong Yin ◽  
Wei-Hua Song ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Effectiveness Endpoint

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to be at high-risk for both ischemic and bleeding complications post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The ischemic benefit vs. bleeding risk associated with extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in high-risk “TWILIGHT-like” patients with diabetes mellitus after PCI has not been established.Methods: All consecutive high-risk patients fulfilling the “TWILIGHT-like” criteria undergoing PCI from January 2013 through December 2013 were identified from the prospective Fuwai PCI Registry. High-risk “TWILIGHT-like” patients were defined by at least one clinical and one angiographic feature based on the TWILIGHT trial selection criteria. The present analysis evaluated 3,425 diabetic patients with concomitant high-risk angiographic features who were event-free at 1 year after PCI. Median follow-up was 2.4 years. The primary effectiveness endpoint was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (termed major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events), and primary safety endpoint was clinically relevant bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 2, 3, or 5.Results: On inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis, prolonged-term (&gt;1-year) DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel decreased the risk of primary effectiveness endpoint compared with shorter ( ≤ 1-year) DAPT [1.8 vs. 4.3%; hazard ratio (HR)IPTW: 0.381; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.252–0.576; P &lt; 0.001] and reduced cardiovascular death [0.1% vs. 1.8%; HRIPTW: 0.056 (0.016–0.193)]. Prolonged DAPT was also associated with a reduced risk of definite/probable stent thrombosis [0.2 vs. 0.7%; HRIPTW: 0.258 (0.083–0.802)] and non-significantly lower rate of myocardial infarction [0.5 vs. 0.8%; HRIPTW: 0.676 (0.275–1.661)]. There was no significant difference between groups in clinically relevant bleeding [1.1 vs. 1.1%; HRIPTW: 1.078 (0.519–2.241); P = 0.840). Similar results were observed in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model.Conclusion: Among high-risk PCI patients with diabetes mellitus without an adverse event through 1 year, extending DAPT &gt;1-year significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events without an increase in clinically relevant bleeding, suggesting that such high-risk diabetic patients may be good candidates for long-term DAPT.

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