scholarly journals The Association Between Salt and Potassium Intake with Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Sarah Ghorbani ◽  
◽  
Hamidreza Hatamian ◽  
Amirhossain Mahmoudzadeh ◽  
Sina Raeisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Th 17 ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The number of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is increasing in Iran. Studies have shown that high sodium chloride (salt) and low potassium intake are associated with the development of MS. High physiological salt concentrations can lead to the induction of Interleukin-17 (IL-17) accompanied by the excessive generation of helper T-17 cells (Th-17). This cytokine plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This is while potassium supplementation has a blocking effect on IL-17 production. Objectives: Because of the role of salt and potassium in Th 17 development, we hypothesized that sodium chloride (NaCl) would be higher and potassium (K) would be lower in MS patients than healthy controls. Therefore, we investigated the association between salt and potassium intake with MS in Isfahan City population, Iran. Materials & Methods: A case-control study containing 23 patients and 23 healthy controls was performed in Isfahan City, Iran, 2016. NaCl and K levels were measured in 24-h urine. Using the Chi-square test, the patients’ laboratory values were compared with the healthy controls. The level of significance was set at P<0.05 in all analyses. All calculations were performed in SPSS, version 23.0. Results: In this study, urine Na levels were somewhat higher in cases than in controls (Interquartile Range [IQR]; 160[140-211] mEq/24 h vs. 128[83-166] mEq/24 h]) (P=0.027). These results show a significant relationship between urine-Na and MS. Urine k concentrations were lower in cases than controls [IQR; 47(27-70) mEq/24 h vs. 50(29-56) mEq/24 h] but we did not find a significant difference between two groups (P=0.807). Conclusion: Based on this study, a high level of sodium intake may be associated with MS; however, we did not find a significant difference between patients and controls with regard to potassium level.

Association of Interleukin-1 and Inteleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Gene Polymorphisms with Multiple Sclerosis in Azeri Population of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1110-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asgharzadeh ◽  
Zahra A. Jigheh ◽  
Hossein S. Kafil ◽  
Mehdi Farhoudi ◽  
Daryoush S. Oskouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dieting Behaviors

Background: Cytokines as important mediators have a critical role in appropriate immune responses, the irregular production of which can lead to Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) triggers inflammatory responses. Function and production of the cytokine are influenced by IL-1 coding gene polymorphism and those antagonists gene polymorphism. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible correlation between MS and IL-1 related alleles in Azeri population of Iran. Methods: Variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) genotypes of 150 MS patients and 220 healthy non-relative controls were determined. Result: n the healthy controls, genotype TT at IL-1A (-889) location was significantly higher than the MS patients (p=0.0001). However, a significant difference was not found between the two groups in genotypic/allelic frequency at IL- 1B+ 3953 location. Evaluation of the IL-1RA gene revealed that genotype 1/2, and genotype 1/3 were significantly higher in the healthy controls and MS patients, respectively. Our findings indicated that the consumption of fast-food in MS patients was significantly higher than controls (p= <0.05). Also, a considerable number of MS patients had inappropriate dieting behaviors such as not eating breakfast (p= 0.0001), and irregular eating habits (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Polymorphisms of the IL-1B genes and common alleles of IL-1RA were not considered as risk factors for MS disease. However, genotype TT at IL-1A (-889) location and the rare allele of IL-1RA3 can be a potential risk factor for the disease. Furthermore, inappropriate dieting behaviors and consumption of fast-food can increase the risk of MS.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and Diabetes Mellitus: Further Evidence of a Relationship

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Warren ◽  
K.G. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Second Degree

SUMMARY:One hundred multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were compared to healthy controls to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in their families. Significantly, more MS patients than controls were diabetic or reported at least one first degree relative (parent, sibling, child) with diabetes. The relationship between MS and diabetes persisted when second degree relatives (grandparents, aunts and uncles) were taken into consideration.A greater percentage of MS patients with another MS relative were diabetic or reported a first degree relative with diabetes mellitus than MS patients without an MS relative. However the difference was not statistically significant. Nor was there a significant difference when percentages reporting either a first or a second degree relative with diabetes were compared.

scholarly journals Investigation of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Nilay Ildız ◽  
İbrahim Halil Özerol ◽  
A. Cemal Özcan ◽  
Hamit Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Positivity

Background: Lyme is a disease that is non-compulsory in our country and whose seroprevalence data is less studied. Aims and Objective: Recent studies have shown that bacterial and viral infections are risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Herein, we aim to determine the seroprevalence of Lyme in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. For this purpose, 100 MS patient’s serums were investigated for Borrelia burgdorferi IgM and IgG positivity. Materials and Methods: The results identified with ELISA as positive antibody was confirmed by Western Blot (WB) test. The correlation between ages, gender, occupation, tick history, existence of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), antibody positivity, pain, year with MS results were investigated using Kolmogorov-Smirnow and Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: B. burgdorferi IgM and IgG antibodies were positive in 8% patients when using ELISA method, but that were found to be 2% by WB. ELISA IgM antibody test gave a 5 negative result in WB. These results were considered false positive in the ELISA test. So, altogether 5 patients were positive by WB method. None of syphilis positive samples detected that B. burgdorferi positive serum. A significant difference between the parameters in terms of IgM positivity was not detected (p> 0.05). B. burgdorferi IgG antibodies were found significant differences between the MS disease duration (p = 0.03). MS in the group of less than 10 years had higher titers of IgG antibodies to B. burgdorferi. Conclusion: Although a small number of patients with MS is positive with Lyme antibodies. Lyme disease is a treatable.Also, If the patient is MS, clinician should be considered Lyme in the differential diagnosis. This is the first study that the correlation between Lyme and MS from Turkey.

scholarly journals Quantification of human plasma metalloproteins in multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke and healthy controls reveals an association of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes with age

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262160
Author(s):  
Sophia Sarpong-Kumankomah ◽  
Katherine B. Knox ◽  
Michael E. Kelly ◽  
Gary Hunter ◽  
Bogdan Popescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference

Advanced analytical methods play an important role in quantifying serum disease biomarkers. The problem of separating thousands of proteins can be reduced by analyzing for a ‘sub-proteome’, such as the ‘metalloproteome’, defined as all proteins that contain bound metals. We employed size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled to an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) to analyze plasma from multiple sclerosis (MS) participants (n = 21), acute ischemic stroke (AIS) participants (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 21) for Fe, Cu and Zn-metalloproteins. Using ANOVA analysis to compare the mean peak areas among the groups revealed no statistically significant differences for ceruloplasmin (p = 0.31), α2macroglobulin (p = 0.51) and transferrin (p = 0.31). However, a statistically significant difference was observed for the haptoglobin-hemoglobin (Hp-Hb) complex (p = 0.04), being driven by the difference between the control group and AIS (p = 0.012), but not with the MS group (p = 0.13), based on Dunnes test. A linear regression model for Hp-Hb complex with the groups now adjusted for age found no statistically significant differences between the groups (p = 0.95), but was suggestive for age (p = 0.057). To measure the strength of association between the Hp-Hb complex and age without possible modifications due to disease, we calculated the Spearman rank correlation in the healthy controls. The latter revealed a positive association (r = 0.39, 95% Confidence Interval = (-0.05, 0.83), which suggests that either the removal of Hp-Hb complexes from the blood circulation slows with age or that the release of Hb from red blood cells increases with age. We also observed that the Fe-peak corresponding to the Hp-Hb complex eluted ~100 s later in ~14% of all study samples, which was not correlated with age or disease diagnosis, but is consistent with the presence of the smaller Hp (1–1) isoform in 15% of the population.

scholarly journals Impact of supplementation with "multivitamin-mineral" specially formulated to improve fatigue and inflammatory state in patients with multiple sclerosis: A triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sama Bitarafan ◽  
Elmira Karimi ◽  
Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi ◽  
Razieh Sadat K Kazemi-Mozdabadi ◽  
Zinat Mohammadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inflammatory State

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with the most common complaint of fatigue. A high number of patients with MS are interested in taking dietary supplements as a complementary therapy. We propose a specially formulated supplement for patients with MS and aim to evaluate its effects on fatigue. Methods: This study was a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial using a stratified randomization method according to sex. 46 eligible patients participated in the study, 23 in the placebo group and 23 in the intervention group. The intervention group received two capsules of multivitamin-mineral (MVM) daily for 3 months. Measurements of fatigue and cytokines were performed in all patients at the baseline and after the 3-month intervention Results: Finally, information of 41 participants was used for data analysis. However, fatigue was decreased after supplementation than before, in the intervention group (P = 0.005). There was no significant difference (P = 0.090) between the change of fatigue score in the MVM group (-3.00 ± 4.42) and the control group (-0.40 ± 5.14). Among cytokines, Interleukin 4 (IL-4) significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the placebo (P = 0.030). Conclusion: Our study showed that the present MVM probably could improve the inflammatory state and fatigue in patients with MS.

scholarly journals Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 exacerbates disease in an autoimmune model of multiple sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 397 (12) ◽  
pp. 1277-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyesook Yoon ◽  
Isobel A. Scarisbrick
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Systemic Administration ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (Klk6) is elevated in the serum of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and is hypothesized to participate in inflammatory and neuropathogenic aspects of the disease. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the impact of systemic administration of recombinant Klk6 on the development and progression of MOG35-55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). First, we determined that Klk6 expression is elevated in the spinal cord of mice with EAE at the peak of clinical disease and in immune cells upon priming with the disease-initiating peptide in vitro. Systemic administration of recombinant Klk6 to mice during the priming phase of disease resulted in an exacerbation of clinical symptoms, including earlier onset of disease and higher levels of spinal cord inflammation and pathology. Treatment of MOG35-55-primed immune cells with Klk6 in culture enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-17, while reducing anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-5. Together these findings provide evidence that elevations in systemic Klk6 can bias the immune system towards pro-inflammatory responses capable of exacerbating the development of neuroinflammation and paralytic neurological deficits. We suggest that Klk6 represents an important target for conditions in which pro-inflammatory responses play a critical role in disease development, including MS.

111 Epileptic seizures in multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. A44.1-A44
Author(s):  
Stephen Walsh ◽  
Joel Corbett ◽  
K Meng Tan ◽  
Simon Broadley
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

IntroductionEpileptic seizures have been described in association with multiple sclerosis (MS) in both anecdotal case reports and case series. The recent identification of specific antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) protein in a small number of patients with demyelinating disease which may resemble neuromyelitis optica or acute disseminated encephalopathy, which may involve seizures, raises the possibility that anti-MOG antibody related demyelination may account for the association of epilepsy with MS.MethodsWe have undertaken a retrospective review of cases of MS diagnosed at the Gold Coast MS clinic over a 10 year period. All cases were systematically asked if they had ever had an epileptic seizure either via a patient completed questionnaire or at a clinic visit. Demographic and clinical information were also recorded. These data have been analysed using descriptive statistics and appropriate tests for significant differences between those with epilepsy and those without.Results428 cases with complete data were identified. Those with a history of epilepsy were slightly younger (median (range); 44.5 (27–64) years vs 4715–88 years), but this difference was not statistically significantly different. The gender ratio was the same for both groups (9/12 (75%) for those with epilepsy and 326/416 (78%)). There was no significant difference in age of onset, disease course, relapse frequency or level of disability. Although numbers are small, seizure appear to occur most frequently earlier in the disease course and are rarely an ongoing issue.ConclusionThese data support earlier work indicating that epilepsy occurs in people with MS who are younger. This fits with the notion that seizures arise in the context of the inflammatory stage of multiple sclerosis rather than the degenerative phase. Further work needs to be undertaken to assess any association with anti-MOG antibodies and epileptic seizures in demyelinating disease.

scholarly journals A Controlled Trial of Mitoxantrone in Multiple Sclerosis: Serial MRI Evaluation at One Year

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bastianello ◽  
C. Pozzilli ◽  
F. D’Andrea ◽  
E. Millefiorini ◽  
M. Trojano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gadolinium Dtpa ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract:We present the results of a randomized double-blinded placebo controlled, multicenter trial, of low-dose mitoxantrone (MX), after one year, in 25 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, who had serial enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment groups were balanced for age, gender, duration of illness and neurological disability. Five of the 13 MX patients and 10 of the 12 placebo patients had exacerbations during treatment (p < 0.02). The mean change in the extended disability status scale was not significantly different between the MX and placebo treatment groups. Serial Gadolinium-DTPA enhancedMRIdetected no significant difference between the MX treated and placebo groups in the mean total number of new, enlarging, or Gadolinium-DTPA enhancing lesions; there was a trend toward a reduction of new, enlarging and Gadolinium-DTPA enhancing lesions in MX patients. Despite this ameliorating effect, the results indicate that serial Gadolinium-DTPA enhanced MRI, performed over one year in a limited number of patients, could not provide conclusive evidence for a role of MX therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Oligodendroglial connexin 47 regulates neuroinflammation upon autoimmune demyelination in a novel mouse model of multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 2160-2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinan Zhao ◽  
Ryo Yamasaki ◽  
Hiroo Yamaguchi ◽  
Satoshi Nagata ◽  
Hayato Une ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Th 17 ◽  
Chronic Relapsing Eae ◽  
Autoimmune Demyelination

In multiple sclerosis plaques, oligodendroglial connexin (Cx) 47 constituting main gap junction channels with astroglial Cx43 is persistently lost. As mice with Cx47 single knockout exhibit no demyelination, the roles of Cx47 remain undefined. We aimed to clarify the effects of oligodendroglia-specific Cx47 inducible conditional knockout (icKO) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55) in PLP/CreERT;Cx47fl/fl mice at 14 d after tamoxifen injection. Cx47 icKO mice demonstrated exacerbation of acute and chronic relapsing EAE with more pronounced demyelination than Cx47 flox (fl)/fl littermates. CD3+ T cells more abundantly infiltrated the spinal cord in Cx47 icKO than in Cx47 fl/fl mice throughout the acute to chronic phases. CXCR3-CCR6+CD4+ and IL17+IFNγ-CD4+ helper T (Th) 17 cells isolated from spinal cord and brain tissues were significantly increased in Cx47 icKO mice compared with Cx47 fl/fl mice, while MOG35-55-specific proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine production of splenocytes were unaltered. Microarray analysis of isolated microglia revealed stronger microglial activation toward proinflammatory and injury-response phenotypes with increased expressions of chemokines that can attract Th17 cells, including Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4, Ccl7, and Ccl8, in Cx47 icKO mice compared with Cx47 fl/fl mice. In Cx47 icKO mice, NOS2+ and MHC class II+ microglia were more enriched immunohistochemically, and A1-specific astroglial gene expressions and astroglia immunostained for C3, a representative A1 astrocyte marker, were significantly increased at the acute phase, compared with Cx47 fl/fl mice. These findings suggest that oligodendroglia-specific Cx47 ablation induces severe inflammation upon autoimmune demyelination, underscoring a critical role for Cx47 in regulating neuroinflammation.

scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis patients have a diminished serologic response to vitamin D supplementation compared to healthy controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Bhargava ◽  
Sonya U Steele ◽  
Emmanuelle Waubant ◽  
Nisha R Revirajan ◽  
Jacqueline Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), and patients do not always show the expected response to vitamin D supplementation. Objective: We aimed to determine if vitamin D supplementation leads to a similar increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) levels in patients with MS and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: Participants in this open-label study were female, white, aged 18–60 years, had 25(OH)D levels ⩽ 75 nmol/l at screening, and had relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) or were HCs. Participants received 5000 IU/day of vitamin D3 for 90 days. Utilizing generalized estimating equations we examined the relationship between the primary outcome (serum 25(OH)D level) and the primary (MS versus HC status) and secondary predictors. Results: For this study 27 MS patients and 30 HCs were enrolled. There was no significant difference in baseline 25(OH)D level or demographics except for higher body mass index (BMI) in the MS group (25.3 vs. 23.6 kg/m2, p=0.035). In total, 24 MS subjects and 29 HCs completed the study. In a multivariate model accounting for BMI, medication adherence, and oral contraceptive use, MS patients had a 16.7 nmol/l (95%CI: 4.2, 29.2, p=0.008) lower increase in 25(OH)D levels compared with HCs. Conclusions: Patients with MS had a lower increase in 25(OH)D levels with supplementation, even after accounting for putative confounders.

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