scholarly journals Nominative Specificity of English Marketing Terminology

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
I. B. Rubert ◽  
T. S. Rosyanova ◽  
S. V. Kiselieva
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Professional Fields ◽  
Micro Systems

Introduction. The paper deals with the concepts of a term and terminology as they considered both in classical general theory of terminology and cognitive linguistics. The field of English economic terminology provides extensive material for the terminologists to develop and clarify theoretical guidelines helping to understand the nature of scientific and professional nominations that constitute the aim of presented reseach. The processes of term formation viewed through the cognitive approach are considered in connection with conceptualization and categorization and help to reveal the creative nominative models of marketers as it is seen vital within an antropocentric focus of linguistic studies.Methodology and sources. A general theory of terminology is based upon the approach in which the nature of concepts, conceptual relations, the relationships between terms and concepts and assigning terms to concepts are of prime importance. But in fact, terminology is closely linked to an activity carried out within the field of knowledge and thus it is inseparable from its social context and its obvious applications. Methods of cognitive analysis applied for the study of terminilogies are supposed to overcome contradictions of the previous century of terminology studies. English marketing terms under consideration were extracted from the professional dictionaries and handbooks. The thematic group chosen as the illustrative example is consumer terminological group.Results and discussion. Nominative originality of marketing terminology has been revealed within the idea of continually changing specific autonomous and self-sufficient consumer models reflected in micro-systems of terms nominating and verbalizing holistic concepts of the authors. Nomination of the typical individuals (customers) by the terms discussed in the presented paper reflects deep and various psychological characteristics of individuals. As it seems, all these parameters form the foundation of the professional domain of modern markets in accordance with the existing conceptual knowledge, verbalized by terms.Conclusion. The study is relevant since the research of conceptualization and categorization in the professional fields of knowledge seems to be an understudied area. The more interdisciplinary is the area of professional knowledge, the more integrated are specific features of terminological nomination, and the more sophisticated is the termformation used by the experts.

scholarly journals A cognitive analysis of Proverbs 1:20–33

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter M. Venter
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Metaphoric Language

This article uses cognitive linguistics and an embodied cognitive approach to analyse the passage of Proverbs 1:20–33. The poem, presented as a prophetic threat, uses metaphoric language to depict the dialogue between personified wisdom and metaphorised human beings. The analysis indicates that there is a coherence of metaphors in the target domain shared by both metaphorised source domains of wisdom and the hearers. Using bodily metaphors it stresses the need of wisdom to be internalised by men.

من الاشتراك الدلالي إلى تغير المعنى

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
saber lahbacha
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Meaning Change ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Lexical Concepts

From polysemy to meaning change: lexical cognitive perspectivesSaber Lahbacha By:PhD. Arabic language and Literature, University of Manouba, Member of association of Arabic lexicology in TunisAbstract:Many essays to find a model to study polysemy in most words emerged in several semantic, lexical, cognitive and pragmatic perspectives. Diverse dimensions of this phenomenon are activated according to the requirements of each discipline. If the lexical treatment gives priority to distinguish between polysemy (one entry) and homonymy (many entries), the pragmatic approach includes the contextual non-linguistic operators in building polysemy. The cognitive approach considers that lexical concepts are sets of semantic complicated nuances built on polysemy. This cognitive approach considers that there is no way to distinguish between meanings and the boundaries between them are ambiguous.Key words: Semantics – Polysemy – cognitive linguistics – lexicology – homonymy. ملخصلم تنقطع محاولات إيجاد منوال لمقاربة الاشتراك الدلالي (تعدّد المعاني) في معظم الكلمات عن البروز ضمن منظورات دلالية ومعجمية وعرفانية وتداولية متعددة. وبحسب مقتضيات كلّ فرع لساني، يجري تنشيط الأبعاد المختلفة للظاهرة ويتم التركيز على مناحٍ دون أخرى. فإذا كانت المعالجة المعجمية تضع أولوية اهتمامها في توضيح التمييز بين الاشتراك الدلالي (مدخل واحد) والاشتراك اللفظي (مداخل متعددة)، فإن المقاربة التداولية تؤصل مشاركة العوامل السياقية غير اللغوية في تأسيس الاشتراك الدلالي. أما المقاربة العرفانية فترى أن المفاهيم المعجمية هي مجموعات من الفروق الدلالية المتراكبة التي تقوم على الاشتراك الدلالي ولا ترى أن التمييز بين المعاني ممكن بل إن الحدود بين المفاهيم المعجمية ضبابية.الكلمات المفاتيح: علم الدلالة - الاشتراك الدلالي – اللسانيات العرفانية – المعجمية - الاشتراك اللفظي.

Through the prototypes of through: A corpus-based cognitive analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70
Author(s):  
Gaëtanelle Gilquin ◽  
Andrew McMichael
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
L1 Acquisition

Abstract This paper empirically tests a number of criteria proposed in the literature to identify the prototype of a linguistic category in order to see how they compare with each other - and what this can tell us about the concept of prototypicality. The item under investigation is through, and the starting point is an intuition-based definition of prototypical through. The different criteria are frequency of use, ease of elicitation, historical origin, patterns in L1 acquisition and patterns in L2 use. All instances of through retrieved for testing each of these criteria are classified according to a taxonomy couched in Construction Grammar terms. The findings confirm the special status of the intuition-based prototype of through (the [X moves through Y] construction) according to some of the criteria, but also reveal divergent results, in particular a central use of the instrumental prepositional phrase with through. Conclusions are drawn about the theoretical concept of prototypicality and its possible multi-faceted nature, and more generally about the place of empirical evidence in Cognitive Linguistics.

scholarly journals Concept of the time in language and text (contextual time markers)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1(14)/2020) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Natalia Grushina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Perception Of Time

The aim of this paper is to study different time representations in language and text. Time is an abstract category firmly connected to human life, it can be considered to be the fourth dimension of reality, used to describe events in three-dimensional space. Time has been studied from different points of view and in different aspects. The perception of time can vary depending on the social and cultural environment. That is why it is so important to pay special attention to a variety of time representations when studying a foreign language. In this article I consider different time markers represented in language (English and Russian) and contextual time markers we can find in texts for reading comprehension activities at advanced levels when studying Russian as a foreign language. I compare language and contextual time markers using a cognitive approach to text units. As an example, I take time markers from the texts published in a popular Russian literary magazine Novy mir at the turn of the 21 century. Novy mir is a very famous in Russia for its liberal position and history within the dissident movement during Soviet epoch Keywords: concept of time, time markers, text and discourse, cognitive linguistics

scholarly journals Adjective Similes as Lexical Universals

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Irina A. Muzheika
Keyword(s):  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Fixed Expressions ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
And Linguistics

The article deals with adjective similes of some Slavonic, Baltic and German languages from the position of typology and linguistics of universals and is aimed at revealing common fixed expressions. This approach corresponds to modern tendency in phraseological researches being set at the end of the last century. Nowadays one of the main tasks of lexical typology is to study the plan of expression rather than the plan of content. The cognitive approach appears to be helpful in achieving this task as its application in typology is recognized as rather productive way of searching for content universals and for the analysis of human knowledge that effects the development of language itself. Our research covers similes of eight languages and this fact verifies conclusions about universals existence. Continuous sampling, descriptive, comparative and cognitive analysis methods are applied in the study. The main results of the study lie in the proof of lexical universals existence among adjective similes of eight languages.

الاشتراكُ الدلاليُّ في لفظِ (الرأس)

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
لعبيدي بو عبد الله ◽  
شيماء عبد الله عبد الغفور
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Semantic Domain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Approaches

تُعَدُّ ظاهرةُ الاشتراكِ الدلاليّ ظاهرة مركزية في جميع اللغاتِ الإنسانيّةِ، فهي تستمدُ كينونتها من الهيكل المفاهيمي للإنسان، ومن تفاعل إدراكه مع العالم الخارجي. وقد جاءَتْ هذه الورقة لتقارب ظــاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ إدراكيًّا في المعجم العربي -وفق منهج وصفي تحليلي-، متخذةً من كلمة (الرأس) أنموذجًا. وتهدفُ هذه الدراسة للإجابة عن التساؤلات الآتية: ما البنية الإدراكية الكامنة وراء حدوث ظاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ في ألفاظ أجزاء الجسد عامة وكلمة (رَأْس) خاصةً؟ وما الحقول الدلاليّة التي امتد إليها واتساعاتها الاستعارية والكنائية؟ كما تعمل الدراسة على الكشف عن البنية الإدراكية التي تجمع المعاني المتعددة للفظ (الرأس) بالإضافة إلى الكشف عن شبكة العلاقات الدلاليّة بين المعاني المتعددة التي يضمها. وقد خَلُصَتْ هذه الورقة البحثية إلى كون التوسعاتِ الدلاليّةِ، والاستعمالاتِ الاستعاريّةِ، والكنائيّةِ لكلمة (رَأْس) تتصلُ بنسقنا التصوّري، وبالتفاعل الدائم بين تجاربنا اليوميّة مع رؤوسنا والعالم الخارجي. الكلمات المفتاحية: (الاشتراك الدلاليّ، اللسانيات الإدراكية، تاريخ اللسانيات الإدراكية، الجسد، رأس) Abstract Polysemy is a central phenomenon in all languages. It shows the interaction between human cognition and human environment. This paper aims to answer the following questions: what is the language mechanisms that is used among Arabs and makes sense of body part terms extend to a new semantic domain? And What are the semantic domains that the word ‘head’ extended to? To achieve the objectives this paper, the researchers adopted the cognitive approach. As well as the descriptive and analytical approaches using the word ‘head’ as a case study and traced its meaning as it developed through metaphor and metonymy. Also, it crossed over from one semantic field to another. It will show that demonstrate of ‘head’ and its semantic extensions derive directly from conceptual patterns that were created as a result of experiences and interaction between our heads, and the outside world. Key words: (polysemy, cognitive linguistics, the history of cognitive linguistics, body, head).

Framing terminology in legal translation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Arianne Reimerink
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Legal Translation ◽  
Technical Translation

Abstract Legal language and its translation are considerably more complex than scientific and technical translation because the legal object is a text that performs an action. For this reason it is not only necessary to consider the legal terminology but also the structure of the text itself as well as the verbs used and their performative act. In this paper, we explore how the analysis of terminological meaning in legal texts can be addressed from the perspective of Frame-Based Terminology (FBT), a cognitive approach to domain-specific language, which directly links specialized knowledge representation to cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. In a case study on international agreements in the context of environmental law, we analyze the argument structure of verbs as well as the conceptual categories of their semantic arguments providing insights into the semantic profile of this text type. The representation of the verb class and its semantic arguments can be considered a type of interlingua that could be used as a basis for translation.

Cognitive Approach to the Study of Perceptually Oriented Actions

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kholdeyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Analytical Tools

The article presents a cognitive analysis of situations described by the predicate ‘exhibit’. Its semantics requires the presence of the perceiving subject. This predicate categorizes perceptually oriented actions of the Agent who causes the Observer to perceive a displayed object. The article considers different types of perceptually oriented actions described by statements with some lexico-semantic variants of ‘exhibit.’ At the same time, the author identifies the cognitive characteristics of situations represented by the predicate ‘exhibit,’ and characterizes the Observer participating in these situations. The Observer demonstrates complex cognitive levels of perception. The article also focuses on the peculiarities of the Observed which functions as a differentiating factor for dividing constructions with ‘exhibit’ into subgroups. The author proves that the use of metacategories ‘the Observer’ and ‘the Observed’ as analytical tools significantly increases the possibilities of studying various linguistic phenomena.

scholarly journals The Polysemy of Khilal: A Cognitive Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Sameerah T. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Networks ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Modern Standard Arabic ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Restricted Use ◽  
Modern Standard

This paper presents a cognitive analysis of the Arabic preposition khilāl “through” on the basis of Tyler & Evans’ (2001, 2003) model of Principled Polysemy. The study includes developing a semantic or polysemous network of khilāl through applying the criteria of this model, identifying its primary sense and distinct senses. The study also includes a contrastive analysis of the semantic networks of khilāl and the equivalent English preposition through in terms of their proto-scenes and the distinct senses associated with each. Analyses showed that both khilāl and through share the same proto-scene of a Trajector Traversing a bounded Landmark. Moreover, khilāl seems to have very limited uses comparing to through and this, as I assume, might be due to its restricted use in Modern Standard Arabic, decreasing as a result its pragmatic strengthening possibilities. 

scholarly journals Specialized Knowledge Representation: From Terms to Frames

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Melania Cabezas-García
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Domain Specific Language ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Specialized Texts ◽  
Study Context

Abstract Understanding specialized discourse requires the identification and activation of knowledge structures underlying the text. The expansion and enhancement of knowledge is thus an important part of the specialized translation process (Faber 2015). This paper explores how the analysis of terminological meaning can be addressed from the perspective of Frame-Based Terminology (FBT) (Faber 2012, 2015), a cognitive approach to domain-specific language, which directly links specialized knowledge representation to cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. In this study, context expansion was explored in a three-stage procedure: from single terms to multi-word terms, from multi-word terms to phrases, and from phrases to frames. Our results showed that this approach provides valuable insights into the identification of the knowledge structures underlying specialized texts.

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