scholarly journals Alleviating Salinity Stress During Seed Germinating by Priming Techniques : A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Sandhya R Verma ◽  
Hitesh A Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Radicle Protrusion ◽  
Priming Process ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Seed germination and seedling growth are the two critical stages for crop establishment. These stages are the most sensitive to abiotic stresses, which decreases the germination percentage and increases germination time. Due to such abiotic stress, the germination of crop fails in adverse conditions. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress, which adversely affects almost every aspect of the plant’s physiology, biochemistry and decreases yield. Salinity is the most severe threat to agriculture and major environmental factors that limit crop growth and productivity. Various techniques have been shown to improve emergence and stand establishment under salt stress. One of the most frequently utilized technique is seed priming. The seed priming process deals with the prior exposure of abiotic stress, making a seed more resistant to future exposure. Seed priming stimulates pre-germination metabolic activities and enhances radicle protrusion. It enhances the antioxidant defense system and the repair of membranes. The process of seed priming and the mechanism of the effect of salinity on seed germination have been discussed. The physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes induced by priming leading to seed enhancement have also been covered.

scholarly journals Regulation of Ascorbate-Glutathione Pathway in Mitigating Oxidative Damage in Plants under Abiotic Stress

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
M. H. M. Borhannuddin Bhuyan ◽  
Taufika Islam Anee ◽  
Khursheda Parvin ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Adverse Conditions

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a usual phenomenon in a plant both under a normal and stressed condition. However, under unfavorable or adverse conditions, ROS production exceeds the capacity of the antioxidant defense system. Both non-enzymatic and enzymatic components of the antioxidant defense system either detoxify or scavenge ROS and mitigate their deleterious effects. The Ascorbate-Glutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway, also known as Asada–Halliwell pathway comprises of AsA, GSH, and four enzymes viz. ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, play a vital role in detoxifying ROS. Apart from ROS detoxification, they also interact with other defense systems in plants and protect the plants from various abiotic stress-induced damages. Several plant studies revealed that the upregulation or overexpression of AsA-GSH pathway enzymes and the enhancement of the AsA and GSH levels conferred plants better tolerance to abiotic stresses by reducing the ROS. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of the research on AsA-GSH pathway in terms of oxidative stress tolerance in plants. We also focus on the defense mechanisms as well as molecular interactions.

scholarly journals Osmopriming with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Germinating Crop Seeds: A Review

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2194
Author(s):  
Chu Lei ◽  
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan ◽  
Huiyong Wang ◽  
Shaun M. Sharpe ◽  
Wenting Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Radicle Protrusion ◽  
Crop Seed

Abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, and salinity can negatively impact seed germination and plant growth and have become major limitations to crop production. Most crops are vulnerable to abiotic stress factors during their early growth phase, especially during seed germination and seedling emergence. Rapid crop seed germination and seedling establishment is known to provide competitive advantages over weeds and improve yields. Seed osmopriming is defined as a pre-sowing treatment in which seeds are soaked in osmotic solutions to undergo the first stage of germination, but radicle protrusion has not occurred. The process of osmopriming involves prior exposure of seeds in low-water-potential solutions. Osmopriming can generate a series of pre-germination metabolic activities, increase the antioxidant system activities, and prepare the seed for radicle protrusion. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a popular osmopriming agent that can alleviate the negative impacts of abiotic stresses. This review summarizes research findings on crop responses to seed priming with PEG under abiotic stresses. The challenges, limitations, and opportunities of using PEG for crop seed priming are discussed with the goal of providing insights into future research towards effective application of seed priming in crop production.

scholarly journals Two-Hour Magneto-Priming with Static Magnetic Fields Ranging from 65 ± 3 to 505 ± 8 mT Does Not Improve the Germination Percentage of Industrial Hemp Seed at a Sub-Optimal Germination Temperature

J ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Kathrin Spendier
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
The U.S

Industrial hemp is a non-psychoactive variety of Cannabis sativa L., i.e., it contains less than 0.3% tetrahydrocannabinols (THC). This crop is one of historical importance in the U.S. as manufacturers seek industrial hemp as a renewable and sustainable resource for a wide variety of consumer and industrial products. To help farmers succeed, agronomic research on industrial hemp is needed. In this trial, investigations were performed to determine whether magneto-priming, a form of seed priming that involves magnetic fields, effects the germination percentage of industrial hemp seed. Beneficial effects of magnetic fields on seedling growths and germination have been reported for many different plant species. Dry industrial hemp seed was exposed to static magnetic fields ranging from 65 ± 3 to 505 ± 8 mT for 2 h prior to seed germination. Germination was performed at 13.6 ± 0.7 °C, a temperature that is representative of the germination temperatures of industrial hemp in the U.S. state of Colorado. Magneto-priming of seed had no statistically significant effect on seed germination percentage.

scholarly journals The Effect of Osmopriming on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Characteristics of Carum carvi L.

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Iman Mirmazloum ◽  
Attila Kiss ◽  
Éva Erdélyi ◽  
Márta Ladányi ◽  
Éva Zámboriné Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Two experiments (in Petri dishes and in soil) were conducted to investigate the effects of osmopriming on seed germination and the early seedling characteristics of caraway (Carum carvi L. var. annua). The priming treatments in the Petri dish experiment were: polyethylene glycol (5%, 10% and 20%), KNO3 (0.5%, 1% and 2%) and KCL (1%, 2% and 4%) with three different soaking times (12, 24 and 36 h) along with control (non-primed seeds). Only polyethylene glycol and H2O were applied in the cell tray experiment, which were then compared with the non-primed seeds. In the Petri dish experiment, all three priming reagents significantly enhanced seedling length, with the most effective treatments being 5% PEG, 2% KNO3 and 1% KCL for 12 h. The plumule dry weights were also increased significantly after PEG (20% for 36 h), KNO3 (2% for 24 and 36 h) and KCL (1% for 12 h) treatments in comparison with the control. In the soil experiment, osmopriming with PEG significantly improved the germination rate (GR) and percentage, the plumule dry and fresh weights and the plumule length of caraway seedlings when compared with the control. A 23% higher germination percentage was recorded for the seeds treated with 5% PEG for 24 h as compared with the non-primed seeds. The PEG-primed seeds produced significantly longer seedlings when treated with 5% PEG for 24 h. All of the applied PEG treatments significantly enhanced the plumule fresh and dry weights, with the best outcomes being after 5% PEG (24 h) and 10% PEG (36 h) treatments, respectively. The 12-h hydro-priming also significantly enhanced all of the studied germination parameters when compared to the control. The results of the presented experiments show the significant positive effects of seed priming on caraway germination and how early seedling performance can easily be adopted by producers.

Vigna unguiculata seed priming is related to redox status of plumule, radicle and cotyledons

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Lilya Boucelha ◽  
Réda Djebbar ◽  
Ouzna Abrous-Belbachir
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The One

Pre-germination treatments represent the physiological methods that improve plant production by modulating the metabolic activities of germination before the emergence of the radicle. It was suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in signalling seed germination. Our work consisted in studying changes in the redox status in the embryonic axis (radicle and plumule) and in cotyledons of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. non-primed, osmoprimed (30% PEG6000), hydroprimed or twice hydroprimed seeds, by estimating antioxidant activities and production of ROS. Some antioxidant enzymatic activities as well as total non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity were measured. The production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2–) was also assessed by 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) respectively. The results obtained showed, on the one hand, that priming allows activation of antioxidant enzymes, especially in the plumule. On the other hand, these results showed that priming caused an accumulation of ROS in embryonic tissues. This may explain the improvement of seed germination performance according to the oxidative window model. Priming induced changes in the redox environment at the seed level. These changes were closely related to the pre-germination treatments. Indeed, a double cycle of hydration-rehydration induced the broadest spectrum of modifications of the redox status, which would explain the improvement of the seed vigour.

Seed priming with ascorbic acid enhances salt tolerance in micro-tom tomato plants by modifying the antioxidant defense system components

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 101927
Author(s):  
Rita de C. Alves ◽  
Davi R. Rossatto ◽  
Jeferson dos S. da Silva ◽  
Mirela V. Checchio ◽  
Kevein R. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
System Components

scholarly journals Effect of Calcium Nitrate and Potassium Nitrate Priming on Seed Germination and Seedling Vigour of Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Maneesha S R ◽  
Priya Devi S
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

The effect of seed priming with calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2 and potassium nitrate (KNO3) on germination and seedling vigour were studied in papaya varieties. Open pollinated local (gauty) papaya seeds were soaked in Ca (NO3)2 and KNO3 solutions (10000 ppm, 15000 ppm and 20000 ppm) up to 24 hours and germination percentage and seedling characteristics were recorded. The least number of days taken for seed germination (4.33 days), the highest germination percentage (82.56 % ), the highest shoot length (14.31 cm) the highest fresh biomass (1.36 g) and dry biomass (0.174 g) were recorded in 10000 ppm   Ca(NO3)2 treatment. Further, seeds of papaya varieties viz., Arka Surya, Arka Prabhat and Madhu bindhu were treated with 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm and 15000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 and observed that Arka Prabhat seeds treated with 10000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 hadtaken the least number of days for germination (4.75 days) and also the highest shoot length (25.2 cm). The results of the experiment proved the significant effect of calcium ions over potassium ions on papaya seed germination and seedling vigour.

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