scholarly journals Bacteriological control of milk and effectiveness of antimastitis measures in cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
T. A. Velesyk ◽  
N. P. Boltyk ◽  
R. M. Sachuk ◽  
Ya. S. Stravsky ◽  
O. A. Katsaraba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Main Task ◽  
External Application ◽  
Therapeutic Efficiency ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Comprehensive Programs ◽  
Livestock Development

Under the current conditions of livestock development, the main task of farms is the systematic bacteriological control of milk and the development of comprehensive programs for the control and prevention of mastitis in cows. These measures will make it possible to establish control over this pathology, reduce veterinary treatment costs, improve milk quality, increase average hopes for lactation, increase the productive use of cows, and more. It was found that among the forms of clinical mastitis in the farm registered catarrhal and purulent-catarrhal (65.0 %), serous (12.0 %), and less often – fibrinous (11.5 %), hemorrhagic (11.0 %), and abscess udder (0.5 %). Bacteriological studies of milk taken from cows proved the presence of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Escherichia coli, β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. Microbiological studies showed that the isolated cultures of microorganisms were sensitive to tetracycline, neomycin, and cloxacycline; conditionally sensitive to streptomycin, doxycillin; no sensitivity to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, norfloxacin and gatifloxacin. A treatment scheme was proposed for patients with purulent-catarrhal mastitis of cows, included intra-tank injections of the drug “Mastidev-Linko,” intramuscular injections of the drug “Tseftiodev 5%” and external application of the ointment “Dibutaliastin.” As a result of studies on the therapeutic efficiency of the proposed veterinary drugs when used in cows of Holstein-Friesian and black-spotted breed, patients with purulent-catarrhal mastitis, 91.6 % therapeutic efficiency of drugs was established. It is recommended that animals infected with infectious agents should be milked last and milking machines thoroughly disinfected; apply the pre- and post-milking treatment of udder teats with disinfectants (dips); periodically check in the laboratory the disinfecting ability of drugs for udder treatment and disinfection of accessories; use only proven tools; control the correct preparation of solutions and treatment of the udder with disinfectants (dips); to reject animals that do not respond to treatment (chronically ill).

scholarly journals Prevention of Intramammary Infections by Prepartum External Application of a Teat Dip Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria with Antimicrobial Properties in Dairy Heifers

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Jan-Hendrik Paduch ◽  
Johanna Lücking ◽  
Elisabeth Mansion-de Vries ◽  
Claudia Zinke ◽  
Nicole Wente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
External Application ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Major Pathogens

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the prepartum external treatment of teats with a combination of four lactic acid bacteria strains viz. Lactobacillus (Lb.) rhamnosus ATCC 7469, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454, Lb. paracasei 78/37 (DSM 26911), and Lb. plantarum 118/37 (DSM 26912) on the postcalving udder health of dairy heifers. The study used a split-udder design. Two weeks before the expected calving date, one of two contralateral teats of a teat pair was dipped with an aqueous suspension of lactic acid bacteria (final bacterial counts 8.40–8.47 log10-transformed CFU/mL) once in a week until calving; the other teat of the pair was not treated. After calving, quarter foremilk samples were taken and investigated cyto-microbiologically. In total, 629 teat pairs of 319 heifers were included. There was an association between the treatment and intramammary infections caused by the major udder-pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and enterococci, as well as clinical mastitis in the first 100 days after calving. The present study indicates that intramammary infections with major pathogens and clinical mastitis may be prevented by regular prepartum external application of lactic acid bacteria in dairy heifers.

scholarly journals L-selectin gene polymorphism and its association with clinical mastitis, somatic cell score, and milk production in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dusza ◽  
J. Pokorska ◽  
J. Makulska ◽  
D. Kulaj ◽  
M. Cupial
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease of the mammary gland, highly contributing to the increase in veterinary costs in dairy industry. In the present study, the genetic polymorphism within bovine L-selectin gene was analysed and its impact on clinical mastitis occurrence, somatic cell score (SCS), and milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows was examined. Polymorphism within L-selectin gene, molecule responsible for neutrophil attachment to endothelium, might have a potential role in immune response to bacterial infections and udder health. Two hundred and six Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms mutations within the coding sequence of L-selectin gene were identified (c.165G>A and c.567C>T). The effect of c.165G>A and c.567C>T mutations on SCS was highly significant (P = 0.0019 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Strong associations (P ≤ 0.0001) were also observed between L-selectin polymorphism and milk production traits (milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage). However, the polymorphism in the analysed gene had no influence on the resistance or susceptibility of cows to clinical mastitis (only the tendency toward significance, P = 0.06 for c.567C>T mutation was found). Potential exploitation of the information on the identified associations in genetic selection needs to confirm the obtained results in further investigations.

scholarly journals Effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the farm economic efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
K. Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract. A study was conducted on the effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the economic performance of dairy farms with different capacity. The study included three high-capacity farms in Bulgaria. The cows in all three farms are free-stall reared (freely in groups) and fed total mixed rations (TMR), in accordance with the animals’ milk yields, with milking performed at a milking parlor. In each farm, the cows were separated into two groups – ones affected by clinical mastitis and healthy cows throughout the entire 305-day lactation period. The results from the study indicated that dairy capacity was high for both groups, with 7567.5 kg for the healthy cows during the 305-day period, and 7429.7 kg for the afflicted ones. The fat content of milk from healthy cows was 3.5% with 3.24% milk protein, with the values being 3.43% and 3.18%, respectively, for the afflicted cows. The cows with mastitis in the three studied farms exhibited lowered economic results. Profit from the healthy cows was higher, by 8.4% in the third farm up to 21.2% for the second farm, compared to the results for the affected cows. Cost-efficiency is also higher for the healthy cows, and the production cost of 1 kg of milk was lower, which was due to the higher marketing of milk for processing and the better purchase price. Apart from the worse economic performance of the cows affected by clinical mastitis, their productive longevity and total lifetime utilization registered at the time of culling was reduced from 8.2% for the second up to 12.6% for the first farm.

scholarly journals Association of genetic variants in STAT5B gene with milk performance and mastitis related traits in dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-471
Author(s):  
Nawab Ali ◽  
◽  
Sadaf Niaz ◽  
Irfan Khattak ◽  
Naimat U. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Milk Performance

Udder performance and health are important traits in dairy cattle worldwide. The present study aimed to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the STAT5B gene in dairy cattle with milk performance and mastitis related traits. The study included 201 cows of three pure breeds (i.e. Holstein Friesian, Jersey and Achai) and two crossbred cattle at four established dairy farms in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The milk samples were analysed for somatic cell count (SCC) and milk composition (i.e. fat , protein and lactose percentages). The generalized linear model was deployed for association analysis using SAS. The pool DNA sequencing showed four (three synonymous and a 3/ UTR) SNPs in STAT5B. These SNPs were further validated in all DNA samples using SNaPshot assay. The breed-wise analysis showed that most of the SNPs were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The association analysis revealed a significantly higher protein percentage in TT genotype and lower SCC in CC genotypes of SNP 1 (exon 2, C>T), whereas in SNP 2 (exon 16, T>C) the TT genotypes revealed significantly lower SCC and SCS compared with other genotypes (P<0.05). SNP 4 (3/ UTR, C>T) showed significantly lower SCC and frequency of clinical mastitis in the heterozygous (CT) genotype compared to the homozygous genotypes. The in silico predictions revealed changes in the RNA secondary structure for SNP 2 and SNP 3. The study suggests that STAT5B should be considered as a candidate gene, and the variants identified as useful genetic markers for improved milk composition and udder health.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characterisation of shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from beef cattle fed with prebiotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Grispoldi ◽  
Filippo Bertero ◽  
Serena Franceschini ◽  
Francesco Mastrosimone ◽  
Paola Sechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treated Animal ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Sampling Session ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Single Cluster

Ten Holstein Friesian calves were divided into two groups of five: one group was given prebiotics in their food, while the other group served as the control group. Every two weeks from birth up to 18 months, samples of feces were taken from the rectal ampulla to determine the concentration of E. coli. At each sampling session, three aliquots per sample were collected. The arithmetic mean was calculated and all values (converted into logs) were analysed with GraphPad InStat for analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey-Kramer test. A total of 69 E. coli strains were detected, 29 (42.03%) from treated animals and 40 (57.97%) from the control group. The isolates were analysed by PCR for the presence of the stx-1, stx-2, hly and eae genes and by the Kirby Bauer test for susceptibility to the most commonly used antimicrobials in cattle breeding. Hierarchical clustering of the isolates was done using Ward’s method. Thirty samples were positive for the stx-1 gene, 18 for stx-2, 12 for both stx-1 and stx-2, 8 for hly, and 10 for eae. 4.3% were resistant to sulfamides, 8.6% to tetracycline, 1.4% to gentamicin, 94.6% to cephalothin, 2.8% to chloramphenicol, 13% to ampicillin, 13% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 7.2% to sulphonamides, 4.3% to ceftriaxone, 5.7% to nalidixic acid, 34.7% to ticarcillin, 88.5% to erythromycin, and 5.7% to streptomycin. The isolates from the samples taken from day 210 to day 300 were grouped into a single cluster. Bacteriological examinations showed a reduction in the concentration of E. coli in the feces of the treated animals compared to the control group. The presence of strains with shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli virulence profiles and the reduction of these in the treated animal group demonstrated that diet can play an important role in reducing E. coli prevalence in cattle.

scholarly journals Incidence of Nasal Schistosoma Infection in Holstein-Friesian (HF) Cross breeding bull: A Clinical Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Vinod Shende ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Bottle Neck ◽  
Livestock Development

Incidence of parasitic diseases is persistent vital bottle neck in livestock development in developing countries. Nasal schistosoma is one of the snail-born parasitic diseases. A six year HF cross bred bull was investigated with typical sings, proliferated nasal membrane with sessile, cauliflower like growth, mucopurulent discharge, dyspnoea, snoring during respiration. Main focus of this case study was on investigation and effectual treatment of nasal schistosomiasis. Three doses of Anthomaline @ 20 ml intramuscular according to the body weight of bull at weekly intervals was given. Significant recovery of clinical signs with regression of the growth and general improvement of health condition was observed within three weeks.

The influence of BoLA-DRB3 alleles on incidence of clinical mastitis, cystic ovary disease and milk traits in Holstein Friesian cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Pokorska ◽  
Dominika Kułaj ◽  
Magdalena Dusza ◽  
Andrzej Ochrem ◽  
Joanna Makulska
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Cystic Ovary ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cattle

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Mastitis Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Mastitis Cases on Northern German Dairy Farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Bolte ◽  
Yanchao Zhang ◽  
Nicole Wente ◽  
Volker Krömker
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

The present research study investigated the susceptibility of common mastitis pathogens—obtained from clinical mastitis cases on 58 Northern German dairy farms—to routinely used antimicrobials. The broth microdilution method was used for detecting the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 51), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n = 54), Streptococcus uberis (n = 50), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 85), non-aureus staphylococci (n = 88), Escherichia coli (n = 54) and Klebsiella species (n = 52). Streptococci and staphylococci were tested against cefquinome, cefoperazone, cephapirin, penicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefalexin/kanamycin. Besides cefquinome and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Gram-negative pathogens were examined for their susceptibility to marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The examined S. dysgalactiae isolates exhibited the comparatively lowest MICs. S. uberis and S. agalactiae were inhibited at higher amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephapirin concentration levels, whereas S. uberis isolates additionally exhibited elevated cefquinome MICs. Most Gram-positive mastitis pathogens were inhibited at higher cloxacillin than oxacillin concentrations. The MICs of Gram-negative pathogens were higher than previously reported, whereby 7.4%, 5.6% and 11.1% of E. coli isolates had MICs above the highest concentrations tested for cefquinome, marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, respectively. Individual isolates showed MICs at comparatively higher concentrations, leading to the hypothesis that a certain amount of mastitis pathogens on German dairy farms might be resistant to frequently used antimicrobials.

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