scholarly journals Effect of fluoroquinolones on the male chicken reproductive organs

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
H. A. Fotina ◽  
Y. M. Opanasenko
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Male Chicken ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Veterinary Faculty

The using of antibiotics in poultry has some disadvantages. The problem of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms is recognized globally and is currently one of the strategic goals worldwide. Fluoroquinolones are an important and large group of synthetic antimicrobials that have great importance in the treatment of infectious-inflammatory poultry diseases of different etiologies. Fluoroquinolones have high bactericidal activity against a number of bacterial pathogens that infect poultry including E. coli, Hebsiell spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococoeus spp. and Chlamydia spp. Enrofloxacin (ENR) is an antimicrobial agent belonging to the group of third-generation fluoroquinolones. ENR has been historically used as veterinary medicine for treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in several animal species, including poultrys cursing diseases caused by gram-positive and negative bacteria. Enrofloxacin presents 1,4-dihydro-1-cyclopropyl-7-(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3-quinoli;3-quinoline carboxylic acid. A further synthesis allowed the reaching of active substances of cyclopropyl, as an antibacterial action to get further extension. A crystalline active substance with faint yellow color that was obtained to develop in high purity, is hardly soluble in water at pH 7, but as the molecule contains acidic and basic groups, it is easily dissolved at both alkaline and acid pH. The goal of the work. The purpose of our study was to investigate the sperm of male chicken after the use of enrofloxacin and to identify metabolites. Materials and methods of research. The researches were conducted in the conditions of vivarium clinics of the veterinary faculty and laboratories of the department of epizootology and parasitology of Sumy National Agrarian University. 80 male chickens were placed for research, which were kept in metal cages for 5–6 individuals. The use, care and transportation of birds for toxicological research were with all applicable animal welfare laws. All reasonable steps were taken to avoid or minimize discomfort, distress or pain of birds. Results of research and discussion. The differences between normal motility and defect sperm in control and enrofloxacin treated birds were not founded. Weight of testes, wattles and combs was not affected by drug. Ascorbic acid, total protein, testosterone and cholesterol concentration were similar in control and enrofloxacin treated groups. It is suggested that enrofloxacin at doses used were safe for male chicken. The administration of the drug “Enzin 10%” to the male chicken did not affect the concentration of ascorbic acid in the testicles, total protein and cholesterol. These indicators are actively involved in spermatogenesis. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the drug “Enzin 10%” at therapeutic doses for 10 days had no negative effect on spermatogenesis of the male chicken.

Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhuri D. ◽  
Bhattacharjee T.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

EFFICACY OF SALICYLIC AND ASCORBIC ACIDS TO REDUCE THE EFFECT OF TRANSPORT STRESS ON LIVE WEIGHT, SOME BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND INTESTINAL VILLI OF BROILER CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1081
Author(s):  
Al obaydy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Transport Stress ◽  
Financial Losses

This experiment was conducted and aimed to reducing mortality and losing the weight of birds transported to the slaughter house through reducing or Transport stress removal and thus to reduce financial losses. 150 birds used almost equal weights that were divided into three treatment groups and by five replicates for each treatment is control treatment (T1) without giving anything and treatment with salicylic acid concentration 1 g / liter of drinking water (T2) and treatment with ascorbic acid (T3) concentration 0.5 g / Liter of drinking water provided 24 hours before its transport. The transport process resulted in a highly significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in body weight in treatment T1 as it reached 4.66%, while it reached 1.68 and 1.09% in treatment T2 and T3, respectively. The transport process led to an increase in body temperature, H / L ratio, the concentration of glucose, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in the blood serum, as the transport process led to a very significant decrease (P ≤ 0.01) in the cholesterol concentration, Uric acid, intestinal villi length and crypts depth. T2 and T3 treatments showed their ability to reduce transport stress, especially T3, where they outperformed T1 in most traits. It is concluded from the study that adding ascorbic acid by 0.5 g / L drinking water 24 hours before transporting the chicks to the slaughter house reduces the transport stress and lessen financial losses, so it is recommended to use it.

scholarly journals Доклінічні дослідження впливу препарату «Міковітам» на лабораторних щурах

2013 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
В. П. Лясота ◽  
І. В. Сідніченко
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Aminotransferase Activity ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
White Rats

Викладені дані щодо впливу «Міковітаму» на ме-таболізм білих щурів. Виявлено, що застосування у дозі 0,9 г Міковітаму сприяє зростанню вмісту гемо-глобіну на 2,7 %, еритроцитів – 4,4 %, загального білка – на 2,4 %, а також зростанню маси білих щу-рів на 10,4 % порівняно з тваринами контрольної групи. Різниці в концентрації глюкози, загальних ліпі-дів, холестеролу, активності амінотрансфераз не встановлено. Для активації рівня природної резис-тентності, обмінних процесів, інтенсивності росту пропонується вивчати вплив біологічно активної спо-луки як добавки до комбікорму сільськогосподарським тваринам. In the article the data of Mikovitam influence on the metabolism of white rats are stated. It is established that application of Mikovitam in a dose of 0,9 g promotes increase in haemoglobin at 2,7 %, erythrocytes at 4,4 %, the total protein – 2,4 %, and also increases the weight of white rats on 10,4 % compared with animals of a control group. The differences in glucose, the total lipids and cholesterol concentration and aminotransferase activity were not established. It is offered to study bioactive compound, as a supplement to feed compound of a livestock for activation of natural resistance level, metabolic processes and growth intensity.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON A NEW METABOLITE AND ITS OXIDATION IN THE PRESENCE OF ASCORBIC ACID

1947 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Bernheim ◽  
Karl M. Wilbur ◽  
Dorothea B. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Brain Protein ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Hydroxy Compounds

1. A number of tissues, in particular, brain, liver, and kidney, incubated aerobically in vitro as slices or ground suspensions produce a compound which combines with p-aminobenzoic acid in acid solution to form a yellow color. 2. A study of this reaction in rat brain has shown that this compound can be produced when washed boiled brain protein is incubated aerobically with ascorbic acid. The latter acts as a catalyst to break the linkage between the protein and the compound. Oxygen is taken up in the process. 3. A number of aromatic hydroxy compounds such as epinephrine and catechol inhibit the reaction. Cyanide has little or no effect. No reaction occurs anaerobically. 4. The occurrence of the reaction in some animals has been described.

Enzymatic Determination of Glucose in Urine by Automation Following Rapid Removal of Inhibitors by Ion-Exchange Resin

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Logan ◽  
D E Haight
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Enzyme Reaction ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Enzymatic Determination ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Abstract A commercial mixed-bed resin has been found effective for the rapid removal from urine of inhibitors of the glucose oxidase peroxidase system, thus allowing successful application of this specific method for glucose determination in urine specimens. The automated method of Hill and Kessler (10) for glucose determination was modified to make use of smaller quantities of the enzyme preparation and render the procedure less costly. The percentage inhibition produced by graded amounts of uric acid and ascorbic acid was determined. Both compounds were found to be completely removed by the resin treatment. Normal levels of uric acid in urine inhibit the enzyme reaction markedly, whereas only large therapeutic doses of ascorbic acid would produce sufficient levels of this compound in urine for an inhibitory action.

A note on the effect of suckling stimulus on uterine involution, post-partum ovarian activity and fertility in Nili-Ravi buffaloes

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Usmani ◽  
N. Ullah ◽  
S. K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Larger Sample

ABSTRACTNineteen pluriparous buffaloes of Nili-Ravi breed which calved during the months of October and November 1983 were studied for the effects of sucking stimulus on the uterine involution, post-partum ovarian functions and fertility. On the day of calving, buffaloes were assigned to either a limited-suckling (LS) or non-suckling (NS) group. Changes in reproductive organs were monitored by rectal palpations at weekly intervals. Buffaloes were observed for oestrus twice daily (04.00 and 18.00 h) with the help of a teaser bull, and were artificially inseminated at the first post-partum and each subsequent oestrus. LS buffaloes had a shorter period to uterine involution (20 days) than NS buffaloes (28 days). Intervals to regression of the corpora lutea of pregnancy and to resumption of post-partum follicular development did not differ in the two groups. LS buffaloes had longer intervals to first post-partum oestrus and conception (54 and 88 days respectively) than NS buffaloes (39 and 68 days respectively). However, the difference in services per conception of LS and NS buffaloes was non-significant (2-05 v. 1·62). These limited data reveal that the suckling stimulus has a negative effect on the post-partum resumption of oestrous activity, and that conception is delayed. Further studies are indicated to verify these observations in a larger sample size and during all seasons of the year.

Preservative Characteristics of Ascorbic Acid on Color, Texture and Fatty Acid of Cold-Smoked Fish

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydin Kilic ◽  
Aydin Oztan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Lipid Stability ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Color Texture

Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the preservative characteristics of ascorbic acid (A) on the color, texture and fatty acids (FA) of cold-smoked fish. The fish (~250 g) were treated with six different formulation of brine prepared with 10% salt, which is the control(C), treated with 0.4% NaNO2 (N4), 0.2% NaNO2(N2) and only 2.5% A and their combinations (N4A, N2A). The sample groups were cold smoked, then stored at ±4°C and analyzed for 15 days intervals. The results showed that ascorbic acid did not have any negative effect on color, texture or sensory characteristics while there were significant preservative effects on FA. The most stable groups were N and A combinations. The PUFA (Polyunsaturated FA), PUFAω-3, PUFAω-6 and UFA (Unsaturated FA) of N4A and N2A were higher than group C and A. Accordingly, it is expected that, in terms of PUFAω-3 and PUFAω-6, the combination of N and A can contribute to the lipid stability.

scholarly journals Recurrent respiratory viral diseases and chronic sequelae due to dominant negative IFIH1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin L Deal ◽  
Timothy J Thauland ◽  
Rebecca Signer ◽  
Stanley F Nelson ◽  
Hane Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Dominant Negative Effect ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Compound Heterozygous Variants

Viral respiratory infections are the most common childhood infection worldwide. However, even common pathogens can have significant consequences in the context of patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. More than half or viral infections annually are due to rhinovirus/enterovirus strains. Most clinical manifestations of viral infection are mild. However 3% of cases result in hospitalization in patients who have no other known risk factors. These patients may have an inborn error of immunity, a genetic susceptibility to viral infections. Here we present the case of an adult male who suffered respiratory viral infections his whole life and developed chronic, inflammatory damage to sinuses and lungs as a consequence. Genomic sequencing identified compound heterozygous variants in the IFIH1 gene, encoding the protein Melanoma Differentiation Association Protein 5 (MDA5), a RIG-I-like cytoplasmic sensor of RNA intracellular infections. We show a dominant negative effect on these variants on the level of interferon-induced expression of MDA5 protein. This work supports that loss-of-function variants in IFIH1 affect the sensing of viral infections. Underlying genomic variants may dictate the point at which recurrent, respiratory viral infections leave commonplace experience and incur lasting damage.

Effect of Some Drugs on Clinical Laboratory Values as Determined by the Technicon SMA 12/60

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
H P Singh ◽  
M A Hebert ◽  
M H Gault
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biochemical Laboratory ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Abstract We examined the quantitative in vitro effects of 45 drugs on 12 automated biochemical laboratory tests done on the Technicon SMA 12/60. Of these, 25 drugs in 1 mmol/liter concentration interfered in one or more of the assays. However, only eight drugs (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, p-aminosalicylate, isoniazid, L-dopa, α-methyldopa, 6-mercaptopurine, sulfathiazole, and ascorbic acid) reacted positively with the test reagents at concentrations likely to occur in plasma after administration of maximum single therapeutic doses. A slight false elevation of plasma uric acid and a major false increase in urine values occurred in patients after ingestion of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol and phenacetin, corresponding to the greater concentrations of these drugs and their metabolites in urine. The relative importance of various factors affecting the influence of drugs on biochemical test values is discussed.

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