scholarly journals Japan’s International Standards of Waste Recycling Treatment: Disseminating the Osaki System in Depok and Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Purnamawati Purnamawati
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
International Standards ◽  
System Model ◽  
Resource Recycling ◽  
Town Government ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Sustainable System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Key Aspects

This research explains the importance of approach and coordination from the Osaki Town government on waste recycling management of Osaki System to the community residents and companies, for changing their mindset on responsibilities and duties. This was done since the beginning when Osaki system was created until it becomes a sustainable system in daily life. The important key aspects on implementing the Osaki system are good cooperation and bond of trust shared among the government, community residents and companies. Osaki Town has achieved no.1 in the highest rate of waste resource recycling for 12 consecutive years in all of Japan. The system has made Osaki Town to become a SDGs system model in Japan, after receiving SDGs award from the Japanese government in December 2019. The Osaki System has succeeded to solve problems on reducing the volume of waste in landfill site. Being a sustainable waste resource recycling system and a model not only in Japan but also abroad, Osaki Town then disseminates the Osaki System in Indonesia which has the same problems, such as approach and cooperation between the government and the residents, reduce the waste volume in landfill areas by separate waste method for recycling and low cost management.

Economic development and human ties in informal food waste recycling: A follow-up study in Da Nang, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1027
Author(s):  
Takaaki Kato ◽  
Hai Hoang ◽  
Thu Thao Phan Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Recycling System ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Waste Recycling

This study examined the effects of economic development on the commercialised and non-commercialised segments of informal food waste recycling in Da Nang City, Vietnam. Food waste was collected from the urban centre and used as pig feed in swine farms in suburban areas. The commercialised and non-commercialised segments of this system have evolved differently over time. During our observation period of 2011–2016, swine farmers became concerned about economic efficiency, which affected the manner in which they used food waste. By 2016, more farmers had begun to use food waste brokers instead of collecting food waste themselves so that they could concentrate on rearing pigs. The price of food waste remained low, reflecting the farmers’ need for low-cost feeding. This resulted in the closure of commercialised transactions between households and waste collectors amid increased household income. Instead, non-commercialised transactions supported by human ties became the main mode of household participation in food waste recycling . Our findings can guide the use of different elements in this informal recycling system within the framework of a formalised recycling system implemented by the government.

New approaches to improving enterprise management systems using international models and standards in a digital transformation environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
V.V. Silaeva ◽  
◽  
V.P. Semenov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
System Model ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Iso 31000

The relevance of creating integrated management systems for enterprises in a digital transformation environment is proved. New approaches to improving the management system in accordance with the new European excellence model (EFQM 2020) and international standards for achieving sustainable success and risk management are described. Approach to the development of integrated management system model based on the new EFQM 2020 model and international standards such as ISO 9004:2018 and ISO 31000:2018 is offered.

scholarly journals Testing the Effectiveness of CSR Dimensions for Small Business Entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nor Hadi ◽  
Udin Udin
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Loan Terms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Contract Implementation ◽  
Corporate Social

This article is intended to empirically test the effectiveness of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dimension of assistance to Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs) under companies’ guidance of Semen Indonesia in Central and East Java. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation for Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs), besides as a social contract implementation, is also an effort to increase legitimacy. This study is essential to obtain effective and relevant CSR dimensions recommended for the SME empowering program. The study was conducted at SMEs domiciled around the mining area and the cement factory. Out of 250 SMEs, 92 SMEs were involved in this study. The research data was primary, including respondents’ opinions, where the data were taken using survey and interview procedures. Data analysis using statistics was a factorial analysis. The results showed that of the eight programs included in CSR in the field of assistance for empowering SMEs, two were effective for empowering SMEs: (1) low-cost revolving funds and (2) production equipment assistance for SMEs. Meanwhile, six other CSR programs showed ineffectiveness: (1) mentoring, (2) marketing, (3) ease of procedure and relief of loan terms, (4) education and training, (5) accessibility of obtaining loans, and (6) the involvement of parties in the implementation of CSR. It indicated that the six CSR programs were not effective in helping to build image and legitimacy. The results of the research make an important contribution to the government and corporations and show that the construction of CSR programs must give attention to the real conditions and needs of SMEs in order to achieve effectiveness in solving problems by SMEs. Especially for the government, regulations are needed that can systemically encourage companies to implement CSR. This research still has limitations, therefore further research should be developed, especially in the area of empirical testing related to the contextual dimensions of CSR that are relevant to assisted stakeholders. Development-based research should be considered.

scholarly journals Do Institutional Transplants Succeed? Regulating Raiffeisen Cooperatives in South India, 1930–1960

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Maanik Nath
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Market State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Rural Credit Market

The government in British-ruled India established cooperative banks to compete with private moneylenders in the rural credit market. State officials expected greater competition to increase the supply of low-cost credit, thereby expanding investment potential for the rural poor. Cooperatives did increase credit supply but captured a small share of the credit market and reported net losses throughout the late colonial and early postcolonial period. The article asks why this experiment did not succeed and offers two explanations. First, low savings restricted the role of social capital and mutual supervision as methods of financial regulation in the cooperative sector. Second, a political-economic ideology that privileged equity over efficiency made for weak administrative regulation.

scholarly journals Housing Programs for the Poor in Addis Ababa: Urban Commons as a Bridge between Spatial and Social

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422198997
Author(s):  
Marianna Charitonidou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government

The article presents the reasons for which the issue of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given that its population is growing extremely fast. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of some of Ethiopia’s most ambitious mass pro-poor housing schemes, such as the “Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program” (AAGHP), which was launched in 2004 and was integrated in the “Integrated Housing Development Program” (IHDP) in 2006. The article argues that the quotidian practices of communities and their socio-economic and cultural characteristics are related to the spatial attributes of co-housing practices. Drawing upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, it places particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP and aims to show that to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of daily life of the poor citizens of Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to take part in the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The article analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. Despite the fact that the living conditions in the condominium units are of a much higher quality than those in the kebele houses, their design underestimated or even neglected the role of the commoning practices. The article highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that understanding the significance of the endeavors that take into account the opinions of dwellers during the phase of decision-making goes hand in hand with considering commoning practices as a source of architecture and urban planning frameworks for low-cost housing in this specific context. The key argument of the article is that urban planning and architecture solutions in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of the so-called “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.

scholarly journals Impact of strategic management, corporate social responsibility on firm performance in the post mandate period: evidence from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayan Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Corporate Social

AbstractCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is like a chameleon, that changes its colour according to the context it is in. In the developed economy, it takes the form of sustainability and/ or philanthropy, whereas, in emerging economies, it speaks the language of religious, political and/ or mandated CSR. India, in recent times came into the limelight with its mandated CSR policy that was incorporated into its Companies Act 2013, which became operational from the financial year 2014 - 2015. Mandated CSR is thus a new area of study that is based on the philosophy that ‘CSR should contribute to the national agenda in emerging economies,’ under some statutory guidelines as laid down by the Government.But, business houses, do look for maximising its profit. Profit can be financial and/ or non-financial. If not money, then at least the effort must be compensated with reputation, image, that helps in brand building! And, to have this as an objective, their efforts should be strategic! But, does all strategies work? With these questions and conceptual thinking, this empirical research aims to identify the key aspects of Strategic Management, CSR and Firm Performance and establish relationship between them; apart from developing a valid and reliable scale to do so. This is indeed one of the first researches and documentations done among the large Indian firms in India immediately in the post mandate period and thus forms a base for understanding the CSR dynamics in the years to come.

Social housing for urban households sheltering children responsible for the "kuluna" and "black babies" phenomena in Congo Brazzaville.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 424-437
Author(s):  
Alain Symphorien Ndongo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Family Warmth ◽  
Congo Brazzaville

Housing as a place where household members spend about half (12 hours) of their daily time, including six to eight hours in sleep, is one of the essential conditions in the fight against poverty and precariousness.  The current Congolese urban environment is facing serious problems: small plots of land, lack of suitable housing in relation to the size and composition of households, overcrowding, and water and electricity supplies. This situation is becoming critical with the appearance of deviant behavior among children aged between 10 and 30. The government and its development partners have demonstrated their powerlessness face to this situation, leaving thousands of children on the streets without education or family warmth to form real criminal gangs. These street children have created the phenomena of "kuluna" and "black babies". It has been shown that these one act in this way for their survival, claiming their rights. In this study, we find innovative proposals to provide households sheltering adulterine and adoptive children with low-cost social housing, in order to restore the image of the head of the household and provide the children with a pleasant space for their physical, economic, cultural and spiritual development. This will undoubtedly help to find solutions to the problems facing children and indeed Congolese society as a whole today. The study revealed that if the government does not take practical measures in response to the phenomena created by wayward children, especially "black babies" and "kuluna", there will be a massive adherence of other children, especially the adulterine and adoptive ones. There will be a risk of the phenomena will to be exported to rural areas. The study recommends a "State - Household" partnership in the manufacture of new types of urban housing for households housing children likely to integrate or create gangs, jeopardizing social order and public security.

scholarly journals Esham, the Origin of Sukuk for Facing the Crisis: Historical Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa Musari
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Pandemic brings a crisis. This makes world leaders have to work hard and smartly in managing state budgets. During the heyday of Islam, Muslims also faced crises. Given that time the power of Islam mastered many areas of the world, it can be assumed that the crisis that occurred in the past was a global crisis as it is happening today. The difference is the crisis that occurred at the time because of losing the war. This paper tries to describe the historical experience of the esham, one of the fiscal instruments in the Islamic world that helped the Ottoman Empire overcome the crisis. Esham has mobilized low-cost funds from the public in a relatively concise time. Esham served as a better choice than looking for foreign debt. As the origin of sukuk, esham has simpler structure so that can be used as an alternative to sukuk with a lower cost. To deal with a crisis, esham may intervene in the economy. Esham funds to the real sector in turn will help the government drive the economy as well as control prices in the market for goods and services. Therefore, esham has the potential in facing the crisis.

scholarly journals Stefanny Margaretha PERANCANGAN INTERIOR UNTUK KOMUNITAS RECYCLE SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI TEMPAT WISATA DAN PEMBELAJARAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Stefanny Margaretha ◽  
Alicia Inneke
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Government ◽  
Form Transformation ◽  
The City ◽  
Beautiful City

The city of Surabaya is the second largest city after Jakarta and of course is inhabited by millions of peoplewho produce trash every day, especially plastic waste which is mostly produced from used food containers,plastic cups, straws and plastic bags. Various methods are used by the government to overcome this problemso that the city of Surabaya can become a cleaner and more beautiful city. One community in Surabaya calledthe Waste Recycling Project is a caring community, focusing on the waste recycling activities in Surabaya.The Waste Recycling Project community is able to change the form (transformation) of waste into functionalgoods. This encourages this community to have a place where it can be developed into a community tourismdestination with a Human Centered Design approach where people and tourists can come to visit the WasteRecycling Project to tour and learn together about plastic waste management. This interior design is focusedon designing a community place that can accommodate gathering activities for service learning, space forplastic waste recycle workshop activities, and as a forum for aspirations of creative ideas as well as a gatheringplace for people who have interests and concerns for the surrounding environment.

scholarly journals Implementation of machine learning techniques to control the speed of the vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
M. S. Satyanarayana ◽  
Aruna T.M ◽  
Divyaraj G.N
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Traffic Awareness ◽  
Alarm Sound ◽  
The Government ◽  
A New Technique

Accidents have become major issue in Developing countries like India now a day. As per the Surveys 60% of the accidents are happening due to over speed. Though the government has taken so many initiatives like Traffic Awareness & Driving Awareness Week etc.., but still the percentage of accidents are not getting reduced. In this paper a new technique has been introduced to reduce the percentage of accidents. The new technique is implemented using the concept of Machine Learning [1]. The Machine Learning based systems can be implemented in all vehicles to avoid the accidents at low cost [1]. The main objective of this system is to calculate the speed of the vehicle at three various locations based on the place where the vehicle speed must be controlled and if the speed is greater than the designated speed in that road then the vehicle automatically detects the problem and same will be intimated to the driver to control the speed of the vehicle. If the speed is less or equal to the designated speed in that road then the vehicle will be passed without any disturbance. The system will be giving beep sound along with color indication to driver in each and every scenario. The other option implemented in this system is if the driver is driving the vehicle in the night and if he feel drowsy the system detects it immediately and alarm sound will be initiated to wake up the driver. This system though it won’t avoid 100% accidents at least it will reduce the percentage of accidents. This system is not only to avoid accidents it will also intelligently control the speed of the vehicles and creates awareness amongst the drivers.  

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