scholarly journals Widespread recommendations can change our habits of hand-washing and physical distance during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie C. Biehl ◽  
Melissa Schmidmeier ◽  
Theresa F. Wechsler ◽  
Leon O. H. Kroczek ◽  
Andreas Mühlberger
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
Comparable Level ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
Conversational Partner ◽  
Insight Into

Background Habits and behaviors in everyday life currently need to be modified as quickly as possible due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Two of the most effective tools to prevent infection seem to be regular and thorough hand-washing and physical distancing during interpersonal interactions. Method Two hundred and eighty-four participants completed a short survey to investigate how previous habits regarding hand-washing and physical distancing have changed in the general population as a function of the current pandemic and the thereby increased information and constant recommendations regarding these behaviors. Results Participants aged 51 and older reported a greater change in everyday hand-washing behavior than younger participants. In addition, participants aged 31 and older selected significantly greater distances to have a conversation than younger participants. However, that was not the case if participants had to actively stop their conversational partner from approaching. Conclusion Participants aged 51 years and older seem to be well aware of their at-risk status during the current pandemic and might therefore be willing to change their behavior more strongly than younger survey participants. Nevertheless, they seem to struggle with enforcing the current rules towards others. The group aged between 31 and 50 years, however, reports a comparable level of fear, but no corresponding change in hand-washing behavior. Future surveys should try to provide more insight into why this might be the case.

scholarly journals Mental health, compliance with measures and health prospects during the COVID-19 epidemic: the role of health literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lize Hermans ◽  
Stephan Van den Broucke ◽  
Lydia Gisle ◽  
Stefaan Demarest ◽  
Rana Charafeddine
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Low Health Literacy

Abstract Background The importance of health literacy in dealing with the COVID-19 epidemic has been emphasized but scarcely addressed empirically. In this study, the association of health literacy with mental health, compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and health prospects was assessed in a Belgian context. Methods Data were extracted from the third of a series of cross-sectional online COVID-related surveys (n = 32,794). Data collection took place for 1 week starting the 28th of May 2020. People residing in Belgium and aged 18 years or older could participate. Data were collected on sociodemographic background, health literacy, multimorbidity, mental health (depression, anxiety, sleeping disorder, vitality), knowledge about COVID-19, compliance with COVID-19 measures (hygiene, physical distance, covering mouth and nose on public transport and in places where physical distance cannot be respected), and health prospects (risk for health when returning to normal life and possibility of infection). Prevalence Ratio (PR) of poor mental health, non-compliance with the measures and health prospects in relation to health literacy were calculated using Poisson regressions. Results People showing sufficient health literacy were less likely to suffer from anxiety disorders (PR = 0.47, 95% CI = [0.42–0.53]), depression (PR = 0.46, 95% CI = [0.40–0.52]) and sleeping disorders (PR = 0.85, 95% CI = [0.82–0.87]), and more likely to have optimal vitality (PR = 2.41, 95% CI = [2.05–2.84]) than people with low health literacy. They were less at risk of not complying with the COVID-19 measures (PR between 0.60 and 0.83) except one (covering mouth and nose in places where physical distance cannot be respected). Finally, they were less likely to perceive returning to normal life as threatening (PR = 0.70, 95% CI = [0.65–0.77]) and to consider themselves at risk of an infection with COVID-19 (PR = 0.75, 95% CI = [0.67–0.84]). The associations remained significant after controlling for COVID-19 knowledge and multimorbidity. Conclusions These results suggest that health literacy is a crucial factor in managing the COVID-19 epidemic and offer a perspective for future studies that target health literacy in the context of virus outbreaks.

scholarly journals Exploring the functions of music in the lives of young people on the autism spectrum

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110089
Author(s):  
Melissa L Kirby ◽  
Karen Burland
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Insight Into

Current research investigating the functions of music in everyday life has identified cognitive, emotional, and social functions of music. However, previous research focuses almost exclusively on neurotypical people and rarely considers the musical experiences of autistic people. In addition, there is limited research which focuses explicitly on the musical experiences of young people on the autism spectrum. Current research exploring the functions of music may therefore not accurately represent the experiences of the autistic community. This article aims to explore the function of music in the lives of young people on the autism spectrum through a series of interviews. Eleven young people on the autism spectrum age 12 to 25 ( M = 19.4) were interviewed about the function of music in their lives. An adaptive interview technique, utilizing multiple methods of communication, was employed to account for the participants’ broad communicative and personal needs. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed four key functions of music in the participants’ lives: Cognitive, Emotional, Social, and Identity. Collectively, these results provide a unique insight into the musical experiences of young people on the autism spectrum.

scholarly journals »Heimat im Koffer.« – »Oder über das Emigrantendasein. (Falls nicht zu traurig).«

Aschkenas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Schlör
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Weimar Germany ◽  
Musical Traditions ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe idea to create and stage a play called »Heimat im Koffer« – »A home in the suitcase« – emerged, I presume, in Vienna shortly before Austria became part of National Socialist Germany in 1938: the plot involved the magical translocation of a typical Viennese coffeehouse, with all its inhabitants and with the songs they sang, to New York; their confrontation with American everyday life and musical traditions would create the humorous situations the authors hoped for. Since 1933, Robert Gilbert (Robert David Winterfeld, 1899–1978), the son of a famous Jewish musician and himself a most successful writer of popular music for film and operetta in Weimar Germany, found himself in exile in Vienna where he cooperated with the journalist Rudolf Weys (1898–1978) and the piano artist Hermann Leopoldi (1888–1959). Whereas Gilbert and Leopoldi emigrated to the United States and became a part of the German-Jewish and Austrian-Jewish emigré community of New York – summarizing their experience in a song about the difficulty to acquire the new language, »Da wär’s halt gut, wenn man Englisch könnt« (1943) – Weys survived the war years in Vienna. After 1945, Gilbert and Weys renewed their contact and discussed – in letters kept today within the collection of the Viennese Rathausbibliothek – the possibility to finally put »Heimat im Koffer« on stage. The experiences of exile, it turned out, proved to be too strong, and maybe too serious, for the harmless play to be realized, but the letters do give a fascinating insight into everyday-life during emigration, including the need to learn English properly, and into the impossibility to reconnect to the former life and art.

scholarly journals Individuals at risk for developing rheumatoid arthritis harbor differential intestinal bacteriophage communities with distinct metabolic potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihnea R. Mangalea ◽  
David Paez-Espino ◽  
Kristopher Kieft ◽  
Anushila Chatterjee ◽  
Jennifer A. Seifert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Metabolic Genes ◽  
Auxiliary Metabolic Genes ◽  
Citrullinated Protein ◽  
Insight Into

SUMMARYRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized in seropositive individuals by the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated protein (CCP) antibodies. RA is linked to the intestinal microbiota, yet the association of microbes with CCP serology and their contribution to RA is unclear. We describe intestinal phage communities of individuals at risk for developing RA, with or without anti-CCP antibodies, whose first degree relatives have been diagnosed with RA. We show that at-risk individuals harbor intestinal phage compositions that diverge based on CCP serology, are dominated by Lachnospiraceae phages, and originate from disparate ecosystems. These phages encode unique repertoires of auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) which associate with anti-CCP status, suggesting that these phages directly influence the metabolic and immunomodulatory capability of the microbiota. This work sets the stage for the use of phages as preclinical biomarkers and provides insight into a possible microbial-based causation of RA disease development.

scholarly journals See me, hear me, talk to me, exploring the transformative potential of participatory video with street involved youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Glen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Participatory Video ◽  
Video Research ◽  
Transformative Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reference Tools ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Insight Into

Very few interdisciplinary participatory video research projects have critically assessed how an individual first engages and then continues Freire's "conscientization" or the transformative process toward civic agency, and the role participatory video plays in this process. See Me. Hear Me. Talk To Me. is a participatory video research project that aimed to break new ground in professional participatory video practice by focusing on the individual transformative processes of a small group of at-risk, street involved youth engaged in a participatory action research (PAR) video project. This participatory video research project aimed to gain a small, but specific insight into the transformative processes of at-risk, street involved youth by exploring their experiences and personal perspectives before, during and after the project. In doing so, it intended to add to the current, but very limited research in participatory video projects with street involved youth in order to encourage further interdisciplinary study, as well as the development of some preliminary reference tools to help governments, non-profits and other interested organizations critically engage street involved youth today. -- Page 8

scholarly journals Entrance Security Based Barcode and RFID System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Security System ◽  
University Student ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Frequency Identification

This paper discourses about a very general problem that occurs in everyday life. In many universities, students are at risk of misplacement or theft of valuables. So, to avoid such mis happening, the development of security system was designed for providing the safety of university student belongings. The proposed security system contains some common information, methodology, schematics and some details related to technical field that is employed into the system, such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and barcode readers along with the design of the established system. For the functioning of the system in a most effectively manner, assumptions with some specific requirements that is needed to be met are encompassed in this paper

scholarly journals Representations of Hungary and Transylvania in John Paget’s Travelogue

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Borbála Bökös
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Travel Guide ◽  
Hungarian Society ◽  
English Culture ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Travel Accounts

Abstract Hungary was an important destination for British travelers in the nineteenth century, whose travel accounts provide intriguing insights into the cultural and political climate of the period. John Paget’s journey was meticulously recorded in his extensive book entitled Hungary and Transylvania (1839) that served as a travel guide for other British visitors after him. Paget, who took part in the 1848/49 War of Independence, and became a “Hungarian,” opened Europe’s eyes to the Hungarian people and their country, destroying several false myths that existed about Hungarians in Western Europe, thus attempting to shape up a more favorable picture about them. The present paper examines a few questions regarding the representation of Hungary and of Transylvania in general in the travelogue: how did Paget describe particular cities and regions, the inhabitants, as well as their everyday life? I will attempt to look at the (changing) images of Hungary and Transylvania in Paget’s writing, as well as to offer an insight into Hungarian society and culture in the nineteenth century as contrasted to English culture and politics.

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