scholarly journals Pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid Tentang Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-135
Author(s):  
Samsul Bahri

Abstract This dissertation is based on the demand of changes towards boarding school institution, which becomes academic debates about tradition and modernization of boarding school education system by Islamic scholars and thus becomes challenges for boarding schools. This research discussed boarding school education system based on the point of view of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid. This research design by using library research as the instrument with a descriptive analysis of historical approach and pedagogical comparative. The primary source of the data is the work by KH. Abdurrahman Wahid, such as Menggerakkan Tradisi; Esai-Esai Pesantren, BungaRampai Pesantren: Kumpulan KaryaTulis Abdurrahman Wahid, “Pesantren as a subkultur, in M. Dawam Rahardjo (ed), Pesantren dan perubahan, Islam kosmopolitan, Islamku Islam Anda Islam Kita, as primary sources.                 This paper concludes that the thinking of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid about boarding school education system is essential in responding to the changes by keep referring to the boarding schools subcultures. It can be seen from some of KH Abdurrahman Wahid’s thoughts, such as, first, the aim of boarding school education is dynamic does not only mean to tafaqqu fi al-din, but also to gain knowledge on religious sciences and others. So that students have extensive knowledge, religious knowledge, and general knowledge and skills. Second, the educational program of boarding school education is adaptively by maintaining integrated the curriculum of Islamic sciences and others by simplifying the boarding school curriculum and adjusting it into the development of sciences and technology. Third, the process of boarding school education is innovative by maintaining learning methods sorogan and wetonanthe main characters of boarding school education; however, efforts to the perfect educational system at boarding school must be continually made, especially those related to methods of teaching and implementation of materials in the boarding school. Besides promoting the important findings above, this dissertation recommends to manager and development of boarding school education system to be more competitive, relevant to the needs of society, and able to answer the demands of the times in accordance with the potential and distinctiveness Islamic boarding schools. Abstrak                 Disertasi ini dilatarbalakangi pada terjadinya tuntutan perubahan terhadap institusi pendidikan pesantren yang menjadi debat akademik tentang tradisi dan modernisasi sistem pendidikan pesantren yang dikemukakan para tokoh-tokoh pendi dikan Islam yang banyak memunculkan tantangan bagi pesantren. Karena itu, penelitian ini dirumuskan untuk mendeskripsikan sistem pendidikan pesantren berdasarkan pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid. Kajian ini, menggunakan instrumen penelitian kepustakaan (library research), berdasarkan metode deskriptis-analitis dengan pendekatan historis, paedagogik serta komparatif. Sumber utama Menggerakkan Tradisi; Esai-Esai Pesantren. Bunga Rampai Pesantren; Kumpulan Karya Tulis Abdurrahman Wahid, sebagai sumber primer melalui metode dokumentasi.                 Disertasi ini berhasil menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid tentang sistem pendidikan pesantren adalah bersifat integral dalam merespon perubahan dengan tetap merujuk pada subkultur pesantren. Kebenaran  kesimpulan ini didasarkan pada beberapa aspek yaitu: Pertama, aspek tujuan pendidikan pesantren bersifat dinamis tidak hanya pada upaya tafaqquh fi al-din, tetapi juga diperluas dengan penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, sehingga santri memiliki wawasan yang luas, menguasai ilmu agama dan ilmu pengetahuan umum serta keterampilan. Dengan demikian, tujuan bergerak ke arah integrasi tujuan yaitu keseimbangan antara keimanan, ketaqwaan (Imtaq) dan penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan (Iptek). Tujuan ini harus dirumuskan secara tertulis. Kedua, aspek program pendidikan bersifat adaptif dengan tetap mempertahankan kitab-kitab klasik untuk mempertahankan reproduksi ulama, dan menggunakan integrasi kurikulum antara ilmu-ilmu agama dan umum, dengan menyederhanakan kurikulum pesantren, yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan pengetahuan dan teknologi. Ketiga, aspek proses pendidikan pesantren, bersifat inovatif dengan tetap menerapkan metode pembelajaran sorogan dan wetonan yang menjadi ciri khas pendidikan pesantren, namun sebaiknya ada usaha-usaha untuk menyempurnakan sistem pengajaran yang ada di pesantren harus diteruskan,  dan mengenai materi pelajaran sepanjang menyangkut tata nilai dan pandangan hidup yang ditimbulkannya di pesantren, harus tetap dikembangkan karena memiliki cukup banyak kelebihan.                 Selain mempromosikan temuan penting di atas, disertasi ini merekomendasikan kepada pengelolah dan pengembangan sistem pendidikan pesantren untuk  lebih kompetitif, relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dan mampu menjawab tuntutan zaman, sesuai dengan potensi dan kekhasan pendidikan pesantren itu sendiri, dengan tetap mempertahankan budaya pesantren. Kata Kunci: sistem pendidikan pesantren karakter bangsa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasrudin ◽  
Hilman Harun ◽  
Ahmad Salim ◽  
Ahmad Dimyati

the basic principles of Islamic boarding school education, namely; Al Muhafadhah ala al-qadim al shalih wa al akhdzu bi al jadid al ashlah. This principle has encouraged pesantren to maintain good old Islamic values without denying better changes. This paper intends to explore two sides of the coin for Pondok Persantren where one side is a distinct advantage for but can be a boomerang that hinders the progress of Islamic education based on understanding the basic elements and values of Islamic boarding schools and, then contributing thoughts in building a holistic Islamic boarding school education so that can follow the development of science without losing the obligation to maintain basic values. Holistic pesantren education can only be achieved if it is reaffirmed that the elements of the boarding school education system are not oriented towards learning religious knowledge but how kyai, teachers / ustaz and santri can learn to live in religion.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Rustam Ibrahim

<p>The author’s interest in researching on de-radicalization of religion in the literature of islamic boarding school education was driven by the fact that religion de-radicalization are now starting to touch many aspects of society. Religious radicalism is often associated with terrorism, such as suicide bombers under the pretext of <em>jihad</em> (martyrdom), violence in the name of <em>amar ma'ruf-nahy munkar</em> (commanding the good and forbidding the evil), even now starting to organize religious radicalism in the establishment of the state. Ironically, some of the perpetrators of terrorism are graduates of boarding schools. This is due to the fact that there are several texts in the literature of boarding school education that are vulnerable to radical behaviors, such as <em>jihad</em>, commanding the good, or fighting against non-Muslims. It makes boarding schools are negatively affected despite the fact that they are institutions of Islamic education in Indonesia who spread the teachings of Islam which is <em>rahmatan lil Alamin</em> (blessing for the universe), tolerant, and contextual. Therefore, this study wanted to know about de-radicalization of religion in the understanding of texts in the literature of boarding school education, particularly related to the meaning of <em>jihad</em>, commanding the good, and Islam as the blessing for the universe.</p><p>This research uses library research, which is a pure literature research. This method is used for obtaining data on de-radicalization in the view of boarding schools using descriptive approach. This research is a study on religious teachings in relation to society, nature, character, and the influence of the thoughts and ideas in forming the character of a group.</p><p>De-radicalization of religion in the literature of boarding schools includes several things. First, boarding schools should not teach jihad with war, but with education. Next, the applications of <em>amar ma'ruf-nahy munkar</em> must be done through certain stages, so that the direction fits the condition of the object of the missionary endeavor. Violence must not be used as long as it is still possible to use subtle ways since violence is only legalized when the situation is extremely urgent.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>De-radicalisation of Religion, Text, Literature, Boarding School</em></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
M Sufyan Riady ◽  
Moh. Wardi

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan Untuk mengetahui konsep pendidikan Pondok Pesantren, bagaimana subkultur dan tata nilai, pola kepemimpinan dan kurikulum pondok pesantren menurut K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. Adapun metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif artinya penelitian yang menggunakan data informasi berbagai macam teori yang diperoleh dari kepustakaan, baik itu diperoleh dari sumber data primer maupun data skunder. Berdasarkan deskripsi atas pemikiran KH. Abdurrahman Wahid  mengenai pendidikan Pondok Pesantren di atas, setelah  penulis  lakukan  analisis lebih mendalam dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren ialah pendidikan yang didasarkan pada keyakinan religius dan bertujuan untuk membimbing atau menghantarkan peserta didik menjadi manusia yang utuh dan mandiri. Ada tiga elemen yang mampu membentuk pondok pesantren sebagai sebuah subkultur, yaitu: (1) pola kepemimpinan pondok pesantren yang mandiri dan tidak terkoptasi oleh negara, 2) literatur-literatur kitab-kitab kuning sebagai rujukan umum yang selalu digunakan dari berbagai abad, dan 3) sistem nilai yang digunakan adalah bagian dari masyarakat luas. Pola Kepemimpinan Pondok Pesantren bersifat Khirarki dan Kurikulum di pondok pesantren ditujukan untuk “mencetak” ulama di kemudian hari. Kata Kunci: Pemikiran Abdurrahman Wahid, Pondok Pesantren Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the concept of Islamic boarding school education, how subcultures and values, leadership patterns and Islamic boarding school curriculum according to K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. The research method used in writing this thesis is qualitative research, meaning research that uses information data on various theories obtained from the literature, whether it is obtained from primary data sources or secondary data. Based on the description of the thoughts of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid regarding Islamic Boarding School education above, after the author conducted a more in-depth analysis, it can be concluded that Islamic Boarding School Education is education based on religious beliefs and aims to guide or deliver students to become complete and independent human beings. There are three elements that are able to form Islamic boarding schools as a subculture, namely: (1) leadership patterns of Islamic boarding schools that are independent and not co-opted by the state, 2) yellow books literature as general references that are always used from various centuries, and 3. ) the value system used is part of the wider community. The pattern of Islamic boarding school leadership is hierarchical and the curriculum in Islamic boarding schools is intended to "print" ulama in the future. Keywords : Thoughts KH. Abdurrahman Wahid, Islamic Boarding School


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Gatot Krisdiyanto ◽  
Muflikha Muflikha ◽  
Elly Elvina Sahara ◽  
Choirul Mahfud

Abstract The “Ayo Mondok” Movement is part of the pesantren's response to modernity. In the modern era like this, there are still many Muslim societies in Indonesia that make pesantren a reference for formal and informal educational institutions. Indeed, initially the pesantren was only traditional and only aimed to explore the science of religion. However, along with the modernization of the times, Islamic boarding schools have not only become institutions to explore religious sciences but also general science. This paper explains the history and development of pesantren, and how the system of pesantren education answers the challenges of modernity. To get the desired results, the research library was chosen by researchers as the research method in this study. The results of this study reveal that Islamic boarding schools are a gathering place for santri to get religious knowledge from a cleric. The beginning of the pesantren was only a simple hut which was built as a makeshift with the aim of getting closer to the kyai or the teacher intended for the purposes of studying religion. While the system of pesantren education is still using the book of salaf or more familiarly called kitab kuning.   Keywords: Islamic Boarding School, Modernity and Islamic Education   Abstrak Gerakan Ayo Mondok merupkan bagian dari respon pesantren menghadapi modernitas. Di era modern seperti ini, masyarakat Muslim di Indonesia masih banyak yang menjadikan pesantren sebagai rujukan lembaga pendidikan formal maupun informal. Memang pada awalnya pesantren hanya bersifat tradisional dan hanya bertujuan untuk mendalami ilmu agama saja. Akan tetapi seiring dengan modernisasi zaman, pesantren tidak hanya menjadi lembaga untuk mendalami ilmu agama saja tetapi juga ilmu umum. Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang sejarah dan perkembangan pesantren, dan bagaimana sistem pendidikan pesantren menjawab tantangan modernitas. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang diinginkan, maka  library research dipilih oleh peneliti sebagai metode penelitian dalam studi ini. Hasil dari kajian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pesantren merupakan tempat berkumpulnya para santri untuk mendapatkan ilmu agama dari seorang kyai. Awal mula pesantren hanya berupa pondok sederhana yang dibangun seadanya dengan tujuan untuk mendekatkan diri kepada kyai atau guru yang dituju untuk keperluan menimba ilmu agama. Sedangkan sistem pendidikan pesantren sampai sekarang masih tetap menggunakan kitab salaf atau lebih familiar disebut kitab kuning.   Kata Kunci: Pesantren, Modernitas dan Pendidikan Islam


Author(s):  
Mary Hatfield

Based on primary source material from bourgeois and elite boarding schools, this chapter considers the debate on appropriate education for middle-class boys. Irish middle-class schools largely emulated the classical curriculum offered in British and Continental elite schools; however, there was a move towards offering a more practical course of studies for scholars bound for a mercantile future during the 1840s. An examination of the bourgeois school environment, the institutional construction of masculine success and failure, and the content of a manly education suggest a way of understanding adult projections of boyhood and children’s experience of a boarding school education.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Aat Royhatudin

Abstract Practically, santri in the Salafi pesantren when facing various challenges of globalization, of course, do a lot of various efforts to develop santri activities to perfect the learning system that is still in the context of the Salaf tradition. From the point of view of value theory, what is done by the salaf santri is not merely a resistance to globalization, but from various breakthroughs made by santri can be categorized as a form of modernity towards an enhanced santri value (project identity), namely a form of creativity to realize value certain can be applied, even though santri implicitly connotes traditional Islamic education actors, but that does not mean that all santri in the existing salafi pesantren are always closed with innovation, technological progress and globalization. Although it is a thick boarding school known as a traditional Islamic boarding school, Malnu Center boarding schools in all its systems do not close themselves to all forms of change, even adjust to the needs of society and the times. Abstrak Secara  praktis, santri dalam pesantren salaf ketika menghadapi berbagai tantangan globalisasi, tentu saja melakukan berbagai usaha pengembangan kegiatan untuk menyempurnaan sistem pembelajaran yang masih dalam konteks tradisi salaf. Dari sudut pandang teori nilai, apa yang dilakukan oleh santri salaf tidak semata-mata melakukan resistensi terhadap globalisasi, namun dari berbagai terobosan yang dilakukan santri dapat dikategorikan sebagai bentuk kemodernan menuju nilai santri yang disempurnakan (project identity), yaitu  sebuah bentuk kreatifitas  untuk mewujudkan nilai tertentu yang mampu diaplikasikan, kendati santri secara implisit berkonotasi sebagai pelaku  pendidikan Islam tradisional, namun tidaklah berarti keseluruhan santri di pesantren salafi yang ada selalu tertutup dengan inovasi, kemajuan teknologi dan globalisasi. Meskipun merupakan pondok pesantren yang kental dikenal sebagai pondok pesantren tradisional, namun pesantren Malnu Pusat dalam segala sistemnya tidak menutup diri dari segala bentuk perubahan, bahkan menyesuaikan terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat dan perkembangan zaman.


DINAMIKA ILMU ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Mukhamad Ilyasin

The existence of Islamic education e.g. Islamic boarding schools has contributed in in the middle of social lives in Indonesia. Continuously, Islamic boarding schools have developed in accordance with social demand nowadays. Besides, Islamic boarding school education should make adaptation by doing many changes especially in the field of learning management through curriculum integration of Salafiyah and Kholafiyah in order to build Islamic boarding school as central for excellent. Therefore, as an effort to achieve intended goal, observation and interview were conducted to obtain the data regarding with description of learning management especially concerning with Salafiyah and Kholafiyah curriculums at Nabil Husein Islamic boarding school Samarinda. The findings indicate that the value of Islamic boarding school is assumed as a core value of curriculum development as shifting paradigm through Islamic boarding school learning management. That paradigm has correlation with institutional goals of Nabil Husein i.e. as Islamic education main controller with religious and moral values oriented. In addition, graduates of Nabil Husein are expected to master two types of knowledge fields i.e. general and Islamic knowledges with spiritual values, so that Islamic boarding school education graduates are able to integrate among social, emotion, and intelligence quotients. Further implication is also noticed and suggested in this research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
M. Chozin Machmud

This study aims to determine the form of innovation in the traditional education system of Islamic boarding schools which have adapted to become modern Islamic boarding schools. This study uses a qualitative research approach where qualitative research is the scientific method. The data collection technique uses participatory observation, in-depth interviews, the data analysis process begins by examining all available data from various sources. From the results of the analysis, the author can conclude that the innovation system of the Ar-Risalah Tegal Panjang Cariu boarding school in Bogor is quite different from other boarding schools in Indonesia, because the curriculum is quite strict. All students must follow all educational regulations, must be disciplined and obedient. Because the Ar-Risalah Tegal Panjang Cariu Bogor boarding school curriculum combines traditional education systems with modern education systems. The implication is a form of education in modern boarding schools that are responsive to the demands of the coming era which includes two aspects, universal and national. So that was found a boarding school that has a true cultural identity that is a new Indonesia that the universality of Islam is able to give birth to a future Indonesian society that is religious.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Marwazi Marwazi ◽  
Abul Khoir

In the modern era, competition in various lines of life is getting tougher, education has not escaped the demands of the modern era so that the term education modernization appears. Modernization of education wants a learning model with sophisticated technology, focusing its expertise to be able to talk a lot in the field of work. Related to this, Salafiah Islamic Boarding School which is identical with its old, old education system is considered to be no longer relevant to the development of the times demanded to be able to maintain its existence with renewal efforts which certainly does not leave its characteristics as Salafiah Islamic Boarding School. This research took place in the Salafiah Sa'a Islamic Boarding School, Seberang, Jambi City. This study aims to determine the existence of the Salafiah Islamic Boarding School in the modernization era of education, what constraints faced by the Salafiah Islamic Boarding School in the modernization era of education, and what efforts have been made by the Islamic Boarding School in the era of education. education. The method used in this research is qualitative. The types of data used are primary and secondary. The data source is the informant associated with the existence of the Salafiah Sa' adatuddaren Islamic Boarding School in the era of education modernization, which was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The findings of this study indicate that in the current era of education modernization, the Salafiah Islamic Boarding School 'adatuddaren still exists even though the number has indeed decreased but not too significantly. The efforts made by the Salafiah Sa'a adatuddaren Islamic Boarding School to maintain its existence in the era of education modernization are good enough, only it needs to be continuously evaluated by looking at existing obstacles, and the demands and demands of the times both in the world of education and employment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Ar Rasikh Ar Rasikh

Kitab kuning merupakan faktor penting yang menjadi karakteristik Pondok Pesantren (Ponpes). Artikel ini membahas pembelajaran Kitab Kuning di Pondok Khusus Ponpes Al-Halimy Sesela. Pembahasan difokuskan pada metode dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran, serta teknik penilaian setelah pelakasanaan pembelajaran berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pondok Khusus Al-Halimy Sesela menerapkan beberapa metode yang lazimnya digunakan di pondok-pondok Salaf, menggunakan metode klasik, yaitu metode sorogan, bandongan, wetonan, halaqoh, diskusi, demonstrasi, dan tanya jawab. Penerapan metode-metode dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning didasarkan kesesuaian metode yang akan digunakan dengan mata pelajaran yang akan diajarkan. Keberhasilan suatu metode yang diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning di Pondok Khusus Al-Halimy Sesela diukur dengan menggunakan beberapa cara di antaranya adalah dengan menguji secara langsung. Hendaknya tradisi pesantren Salaf tetap dapat dipertahankan dan selanjutnya memasukkan tradisi pesantren khalaf yang lebih baik, pemilihan metode yang tepat guna supaya memberikan dampak positif bagi kemajuan pendidikan pesantren sehingga akan muncul lulusan-lulusan yang betul-betul tafaqquh fi al-din. Title: Learning of Kitab Kuning “Yellow Book” at Special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School In Sesela Village of West Lombok Regency Abstract: The yellow book is an important factor which becomes characteristic of Islamic Boarding Schools. The results of the preliminary research showed that the Special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela only studies classical books or yellow books which are not included in the governmental curriculum. The focuses of the study in this research included: First, it is related to the method used in yellow book learning; Second, it is related to how the application of learning methods is; Third, it is related to how the assessment after the implementation of yellow book learning takes place. The research design used descriptive qualitative. Then the results of the research showed that 1) special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela applies several methods commonly used in Salaf Islamic Boarding Schools which teach yellow books, such as sorogan (individual), wetonan (group), and discussion methods. In addition, the types of methods used still use classical methods, namely the sorogan, bandongan, wetonan, and halaqoh methods, and also there are discussion, demonstration and question and answer methods, 2). The application of methods in yellow book learning is based on the suitability of method to be used with the subjects to be taught. 3). To find out the success level of a method applied in the yellow book learning at special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela is by using several methods including testing directly. The final advice is given to the head of the Special Islamic Boarding School in order to maintain the tradition of the salaf Islamic Boarding School and incorporate the tradition of a better Khalaf Islamic Boarding School in order to give a positive impact on the progress of Islamic Boarding School education so that the graduates who truly understand the religion (tafaqquh fi al-din) will emerge and for  the teachers of special Al-Halimy Islamic Boarding School of Sesela, they have to be able to choose the right learning method and be able to see what the students need in joining the learning so that the learning objectives can be achieved.


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