scholarly journals MEAT AND FAT COLORS CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE BALI CATTLE FATTENED WITH GREEN FEED IN SMALLHOLDER FARMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Agustinus Agung Dethan ◽  
Stefanus Sio
Keyword(s):  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Feed Management ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Color Score ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Yellowish White

The study was conducted for 3 months from March to June 2013, using nine (9) male Bali cattle aged 2.5 - 3.5 years or average 3.0 years old based on dental estimates. The initial body weight range was 227-290 kg or an average of 257.40 ± 23.60 kg. Livestock was raising carried out in the Bero Sembada Farmers Group, Laen Manen District, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The method used was an experimental method with treatments adjusted for habits of breeders in fattening cattle, which included feed management, housing, and health. The type of feed given during the study was Centrosema pubences, Clitoria ternatea, Fresh Zea mays straw, Pennisetum purpuphoides, Leucaena leucocephala, natural grass, Pennisetum purpureum and Sesbania grandiflora. The variables measured in this study include the color of the meat and fat. Measurement of the color of meat and fat using the standard color of meat and fat issued by the Indonesian National Standardization Agency (SNI: 3932: 2008, Regarding Quality Standards for Carcass and Meat of Beef Cattle). The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistical procedures. The results of the study showed that male Bali cattle fattened with forage produced a meat color score average of 9.00 or dark red color, while the average fat color score produced was 5.33 or yellowish-white color. It can be concluded that the characteristic color of meat from male Bali cattle fattened with forage on smallholder farms is dark red, while the color of fat is yellowish-white.

scholarly journals Profil Glukosa dan Urea Darah Sapi Bali Jantan pada Penggemukan dengan Hijauan (Greenlot Fattening) di Peternakan Rakyat

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Agustinus Agung Dethan Agung Dethan ◽  
Stefanus Sio
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Descriptive Method

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui profil glukosa dan urea darah pada Sapi Bali jantan pada penggemukan dengan hijauan di peternakan rakyat. Ternak yang digunakan sebanyak sembilan ekor Sapi Bali jantan dengan kisaran umur 2,5 – 3,5 atau 3,0 tahun, bobot badan awal sebesar 257,40±23,60 kg. Metode yang digunakan berupa metode deskriptif dengan perlakuan disesuaikan kebiasan peternak dalam menggemukkan ternak yang meliputi tatalaksana pakan, perkandangan serta kesehatan. Jenis pakan yang diberikan bervariasi meliputi Centrosema pubences, Clitoria ternatea, jerami jagung segar, king grass (Pennisetum purpuroides), lamtoro (Leucaena leucocepala), rumput alam, rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) dan turi (Sesbania grandiflora). Peubah yang diamati meliputi tampilan glukosa dan urea plasma darah pada 0 jam (sebelum pemberian pakan) dan 2,4,6 jam setelah pemberian pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kadar glukosa dan urea plasma darah sebelum pemberian pakan (0 jam) adalah 59,07 dan 23,66 mg/dl; kandungan glukosa plasma darah pada 2,4,6 setelah pemberian pakan adalah 57,29; 56,94 dan 61,20 mg/dl atau rerata 58,62 md/dL; sedangkan pada urea plasma darah adalah 23,79; 24,16 dan 24,81 mg/dl atau rata-rata 24,11 mg/dl. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Sapi Bali jantan yang digemukkan dengan hijauan memperlihatkan kandungan glukosa plasma darah yang relatif normal, namun kandungan urea plasma darah rendah dan di bawah kisaran normal.(The Blood Glucose and Urea Profile of Male Bali Cattle on Greenlot Fattening at Smallholder Farms)ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of blood glucose and urea of male Bali cattle on fattening with forage at smallholder farms. The cattle used consisted of nine male Bali cattle with a range of ages 2,5 - 3,5 or on the average 3.0 years old with initial body weight range was 227-290 kg or on the average of 257.40±23,60 kg. This research used descriptive method with treatment be adapted to the practice of farmers in fattened cattle that includes management of feeding, housing, and health. Type of feed given during the study was Centrosema pubences, Clitoria ternatea, fresh corn straw, king grass (Pennisetum purpuroides), lamtoro (Leucaena leucocepala), natural grass, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and turi (Sesbania grandiflora). Variables measured include the display of blood glucose and urea plasma at zero (O) hour (before feeding) and at 2,4,6 hours post feeding. The results of research showed average content of blood glucose dan urea plasma at zero (0) hours were 59,07 and 23,66 mg/dl; The content of blood glukose plasma at 2,4 an 6 hours post feeding every were 57,29;56,94; and 61,20 mg/dl or an average 58,62 mg/dl. While the content of blood urea plasma were 23,79; 24,16 and 24,81 mg/dl or average 24,11 mg/dl. In Conclusion the Bali cattle male fattened with forage showed of blood glukose plasma were relatively normal, although the blood urea plasma were lowly and below the normal range.

scholarly journals ENERGY AND NITROGEN BALANCE OF MALE BALI CATTLE FATTENED BY GREEN FEED IN SMALLHOLDER FARMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Agustinus Agung Dethan ◽  
Stefanus Sio
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Protein Feed

The experiment was conducted for 3 months from March to June 2013 using nine (9) males Bali Cattle ages 2,5 - 3,5 or an average 3.0 years old based on teeth estimated with initial body weight range is 227-290 kg or an average of 257.40±23,60 kg in the Fattening Stalls, Bero Sembada Farmers Group, Laen Manen Sub District, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This research be adapted to the practice of ranchers in fattened of cattle that includes management of feeding, housing, and health. Type of feed given during the study was Centrosema pubences, Clitoria ternatea, jerami Zea mays segar, Pennisetum purpuphoides, Leucaena leucocephala, natural grass, Pennisetum purpureum and Sesbania grandiflora. Variables measured consumption and digestibility energy and N, energy and N Balance, NNU and biological value. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis procedures. The results showed that the kinetic energy (Mcal/kg/head/day) is the energy consumption of 30.657; energy feses, undigested and urine, respectively 10.136; 20.522 and 1.026, as well as energy Balance 19.496. Meanwhile, consumption of  N is 169 000 g/head/day ; excretion of N feses, urine and N digested, respectively 50, 20 and 119, as well as Balance N 104 g/head/day. While net nitrogen utilization and biological value of nitrogen is 58.580% and 83.194%. Can be concluded that male Bali cattle finishing phase in fattening using a feed single forage  the improve energy-nitrogen intake and digestibility, resulting a positive nitrogen Balance and energy, as well as net nitrogen utilization and biological value protein feed is high enough.  

scholarly journals INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF DRY AND ORGANIC MATTER, AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF MALE BALI CATTLE FATTENED IN SMALLHOLDER FARMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Agustinus Agung Dethan ◽  
Stefanus Sio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Bali Cattle

The experiment was conducted for 3 months using nine (9) males Bali Cattle ages 2,5 - 3,5 or an average of 3.0 years old based on teeth estimated with initial body weight range is 227-290 kg or an average of 257.40±23,60 kg in the Fattening Stalls, Bero Sembada Farmers Group, Laen Manen Sub District, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This research is adapted to the practice of ranchers in fattened cattle that includes management of feeding, housing, and health. The type of feed given during the study was Centrosema pubences, Clitoria ternatea, Fresh Corn Straw, Kinggras, Leucaena leucocepala, Natural Grass, Elephant Grass, and Turi. The results of the research showed that the Bali cattle male finishing phase on fattening with forage, yield dry matter intake (kg/head/day) reached 7.079 or 2.509 % of BW, while the crude protein and organic material intake respectively 1.053 and 6.440 (kg/head/day). Digestibility coefficients of dry matter were 56.68%, crude protein 69.86%, and organic matter 68.83%. It can be concluded that the use of forage on fattening male Bali cattle by ranchers was the produce dry matter intake, crude protein, and organic matter are high quite but gives relatively low digestibility.  

scholarly journals The Effect of Season on the Feed Quantity and Quality and Growth Performance of Male Bali Cattle Fattened in Smallholder Farms

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Endang Baliarti ◽  
Subur Priyono Sasmito Budhi ◽  
Panjono Panjono
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Bali Cattle

The research was aimed to determine the effect of season on feed quantity and quality, and growth performance of male Bali cattle fattened in smallholder farms. Observation from January to March for rainy season and June to August for dry season. Feed quantity and quality were observed covering all feedstuff used farmers in fattening. Cattle used for rainy season was 50 heads aged 1.5 – 4.0 years with initial body weight (BW) 188.03±31.85 kg. In dry season, observation was continued for the same cattle as many as 35 heads aged 2.0 – 4.5 years and initial BW was 261.80±38.46 kg. Data were analyzed by quantitative descriptiption for feed quantity and quality, while growth performance were analyzed by independent T-Test. Results of study showed the dominant type of feedstuff used during rainy and dry season were L.leucocephala (56.00 vs 33.14%), Zea mays fresh straw 18.44% (rainy season), natural grass (13.00 vs 22.25%), P.purpuroides (3.68 vs 3.99%) and G.sepium (1.36 vs 29.69%). Crude protein (CP) of L.leucocephala and G.sepium higher during the dry season, while S. grandiflora, natural grass, and P.purpuroides higher in rainy season. The DMD (%) of L. leucocephala and S. grandiflora in rainy and dry seasons were almost the same, but G.sepium had DMD higher in dry season. The OMD L.leucocephala and G. sepium higher during the dry season, while the S.grandiflora had higher during the rainy season. Natural grass and P.purpuroides had DMD and OMD higher during the rainy season. Dry matter intake (kg/head/day) of cattle during dry season was higher (P<0.01), but rainy season ADG and FCR was higher (P<0.01). It can be concluded the feed used by farmers during the rainy season was more varied, with better quality. As a result, the performance of Bali cattle fattened was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season.

The effect of harvesting height of the basal forage Pennisetum purpureum and level of supplementation with Leucaena forage on the performance of crossbred dairy cows in the subhumid tropics

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 101-101
Author(s):  
R.W. Muinga ◽  
W. Thorpe ◽  
J.H. Topps
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Subhumid Tropics ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Unsatisfied Demand ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Much of coastal Kenya has a subhumid lowland climate with proven potential for small holder dairy production. Establishment of dairy units to realise this potential is taking place and is being stimulated by a large unsatisfied demand for milk and dairy products. The units use crossbred cows with the recommendation that feeding is zero-grazing based on Napier fodder (Pennisetum purpureum). Napier fodder usually contains insufficient protein to meet the requirements of lactating animals so there is a need to feed a by-product or forage which is rich in protein. The legume shrub Leucaena leucocephala grows well in the subhumid tropics and it has been established already on many smallholder farms. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of lactating dairy cows given Napier fodder only cut at two different stages of growth (1.0 or 1.5 m in height) or supplemented at two levels with freshly cut Leucaena.

scholarly journals Nitrogen balance, microbial protein synthesis and blood metabolites in fattening of male Bali cattle fed ration with different protein levels in smallholder farms

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Tahuk ◽  
S. P. S. Budhi ◽  
P. Panjono ◽  
E. Baliarti
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bali Cattle

Research was aimed to determine nitrogen balance, microbial protein synthesis, and blood metabolites of male Bali cattle fattening fed ration with different protein level in smallholder farms North Central Timor, Province of East Timor Tenggara, Indonesia. The cattle used were 18 heads aged 2 to 2.5 years with initial body weight of 229.86±12.46 kg. The cattle were randomly divided into three treatment groups. The T0 group was given feed the same as traditional fattening cattle practices by farmers,T1 group fed ration containing 12% crude protein (CP) and 72% total digestible nutrients (TDN), andT2 group fedration containing 15% CP and 72%TDN. Cattle were fed individually for 90 days and drinkingwater ad libitum. The data were analyzedby analysis of variance.Results of research indicated the nitrogen balance, and blood urea nitrogen between T1 and T2 were relatively similar, but those were higher (P<0.05) than T0 . In contrast, microbial proteins synthesis, and blood glucose at 0, 4, and 6 hours before and after feeding were relatively similar between the groups. Blood glucose of T2 at 2 hours after intake were higher (P <0.05) than T0, but was not different with T1 . It can be concluded, that the fattening maleBali cattle fed ration containing 12% CP and 72% TDNimprovedthe nitrogen balance and blood metabolites, butit was no positive effect on the microbial proteins and N synthesis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Beef Meat Quality at Slaughterhouse in Kendari City

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Jurnal Peternakan Integratif
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Ph Measurement ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Color Score ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Loss Of Mass

. This study aims to find out whether DFD (Dark, Firm, and Dry) and PSE (Pale, Soft, and Exsudative) happen/ occur to Bali Cattle Carcas slayed in Anggoeya Animal Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. This study is useful to give information about the meats’ DFD and PSE cases and carcas quality at Anggoeya Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. The sample of this study are 6 bulls and 6 cows taken from slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. The obtained data was, then, analyzed descriptively based on the mean and deviation standard (χ ± SD).The variables observed in this studyincludes PH measurement for 1 – 6 hours after slashing, color, loss of mass, texture, hardness, and humidity. The meats were found to be around normal PH 5.55 – 5.73. Based on the color score AUS_MEAT Colour, the color of the meats were around the score of 4 – 5, loss of mass were around 30,64 – 43,28%. Based on panelist judgement, most of the meats texture were scored 3 or were in moderate level. Most of the meats’ elasticity were scored 3 or were rather soft, while most of the meats’ humidity were scored 3 or moderate (62.50%).  On the meats produced by the Animals Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City, no changes to DFD (Dark, Firm, and Dry) or PSE (Pale, Soft and Exudative) was found.

Long-term growth of male and female Bali cattle fed Sesbania grandiflora

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlanuddin ◽  
B. S. Ningsih ◽  
D. P. Poppi ◽  
S. T. Anderson ◽  
S. P. Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Female Cattle

This study examined the long-term growth of male and female Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) fed a diet consisting solely of Sesbania grandiflora (sesbania) or sesbania with rice bran. Twelve male (71.6 ± 2.2 kg mean liveweight and standard error of the mean; LW) and six female (80.3 ± 2.8 kg LW) weaned Bali cattle, ~6 months of age at the commencement were used in this experiment. LW, wither height (WH), hip height and chest circumference (girth) were measured from ~6 to 27 months of age. Dry matter intake and the concentration of glucose, urea and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the plasma were measured at ~9, 18 and 27 months of age. There was no difference in LW gain of male and female Bali cattle between 6 and 18 months of age but males had a greater average LW gain (0.40 kg/day) than females (0.22 kg/day) between 18 and 27 months of age. Overall females displayed a curvilinear growth path in LW, WH and girth between 6 and 27 months of age, while males displayed a linear growth path in LW and girth but curvilinear in WH over the same age. Dry matter intake did not differ with stage of development or between male and female cattle. The plasma urea concentration declined in male Bali cattle with stage of development but was constant in female cattle across the experiment. The concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 in the plasma increased with age and tended to be greater in male (268 ng/mL) than female (222 ng/mL) Bali cattle. In conclusion, Bali cattle display sexual dimorphism in growth after ~18 months of age, which is important to consider when developing feeding strategies across the full growth path.

scholarly journals Carcass and meat characteristics of male Kacang goat fattened by complete silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulus Klau Tahuk ◽  
Gerson F. Bira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the carcass and meat characteristics of male Kacang goat fattened by complete silage made from natural grass, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Pennisetum purpuphoides. Materials and Methods: This study examined 12 young male Kacang goats aged 10-12 months with an initial body weight of 10-12 kg. The livestock was divided into three groups randomly to receive feed treatments. The three treatments of this study included T1: Complete silage made from natural grass; T2: Complete silage made from S. bicolor (L.) Moench, and T3: Complete silage made from P. purpuphoides. Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance procedure. Results: The carcass percentage of livestock T2 and T3 treatment was relatively similar but higher (p<0.05) than the T1 group. The non-carcass percentage of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower than T1. The water content of T1 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than T3, but relatively the same as T2 treatment. The collagen content of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower (p<0.05) than T1; likewise, the cholesterol of T2 and T3 treatments was relatively similar but higher than T1 treatment. The variables of slaughter and carcass weight, and non-carcass weight, meat protein content, acidity, cooking losses, water holding capacity, and tenderness were not significantly different between groups of animals. Conclusion: The use of S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpuphoides as a basic forage in making complete silage has been shown to increase carcass percentage, the content (%) of fat, collagen, and cholesterol. Otherwise, the treatments have no effect on the content of pH, tenderness (kg/cm2), cooking loss (%), and water holding capacity (%) of male Kacang goat fattened. Therefore, S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpuphoides plants have great potential to be developed by farmers/ ranchers as feed for goats.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Feed Fermentation of Sago Pulp on The Palatability of The Peranakan Etawa

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
I. Irwansyah ◽  
I Junaedi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Random Design ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
Materials Used

The purpose of this research is to know the effect of adding feed fermentation of sago pulp to the palatability level of the breeds of Etawa. In this study used 9 goat cattle PE age 6 months with an average initial body weight of 17 kg. Materials used include sago pulp, probion, bran, urea and molasses. Complete feed prepared from the material is sago pulp 75%, bran 20%, urea 0.25%, molasses 3% and minerals 1.25%. While the probion is added as much as 0.5% of the total feed ingredients. All feed ingredients are mixed and then fermented anaerobic for 21 days. Feeding is done according to the treatment of (100% natural grass + 0% fermented feed, 70% natural grass + 30% fermentation feed, 50% natural grass + 50% fermented feed). The observed variable is palatability. The research draft uses complete random design. Feeding with the addition of fermentation of sago pulp 30%, the consumable level 859.56 grams/day higher (P<0.01) from the fermentation of sago pulp 50% (773.38 gram/tail/day) and without the feeding of sago pulp (697.62 gram/tail/day

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