Plant families exhibit unique geographic trends in C4 richness and cover

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Munroe ◽  
Francesca A McInerney ◽  
Greg Guerin ◽  
Jake Andrae ◽  
Nina Welti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
C4 Plant ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Proportional Cover ◽  
Local Parameters

Numerous studies have analysed the relationship between C4 plant cover and climate. However, few have examined how different C4 taxa vary in their response to climate, or how environmental factors alter C4:C3 abundance. Here we investigate (a) how proportional C4 plant cover and richness (relative to C3) responds to changes in climate and local environmental factors, and (b) if this response is consistent among families. Proportional cover and richness of C4 species were determined at 541 one-hectare plots across Australia for 14 families. C4 cover and richness of the most common and abundant families were regressed against climate and local parameters. C4 cover and richness in Poaceae and Cyperaceae were strongly positively correlated with January temperatures, however C4 Cyperaceae occupied a more restricted temperature range. C4 Poaceae cover was also correlated with seasonal rainfall, but no such trends were identified in Cyperaceae. Soil pH and tree cover modified relative C4 cover in these families. Proportional C4 Euphorbiaceae and Chenopodiaceae cover and richness were weakly correlated with climate, but were more strongly influenced by local environmental factors, including tree cover and soil texture. However, the explanatory power of C4 Euphorbiaceae and Chenopodiaceae models were poor. Results demonstrate the unique relationships between different C4 taxa and climate, and the significant modifying effects of environmental factors on C4 distribution. Our work also reveals C4 families will not exhibit consistent responses to perturbations in climate or local conditions. These results have substantial implications for predicting C4 cover over global, continental and regional areas. This preprint is current under review following revisions with the journal Oecologia.

scholarly journals Correlation of Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001946, hsa_circ_0125589, and Environmental Factors With Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1047-1047
Author(s):  
Wan-yue Liu ◽  
Yi Sun ◽  
Shu-na Huang ◽  
Yu-zhen Lin ◽  
Hong-yan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background To investigate the main environmental factors of hypertension and the relationship between hypertension and circular RNAs in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods This was a case–control study. A total of 681 hypertension patients and 485 subjects without hypertension were recruited between April 2017 and October 2018. All participations completed the questionnaire investigation, physical examination, and laboratory detection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze circRNAs (hsa_circ_0001946 and hsa_circ_0125589) in peripheral blood leukocytes in 84 hypertensives and 84 controls. Multivariate logistic regression and crossover analysis were used to analyze the interaction and association between environmental factors and circRNAs in hypertension. Results After adjusted by gender, age and marital status, overweight/obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–2.22), abdominal obesity (OR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.54–3.04), anxiety (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.41–3.28), family history of hypertension (OR = 4.26, 95% CI 3.18–5.70), and higher levels of hsa_circ_0001946 (OR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.85–9.21) were risk factors for hypertension, while levels of hsa_circ_0125589 were not associated with hypertension. Crossover analysis showed that the risk of hypertension was 13.12 times higher (95% CI 3.89–44.23) in overweight subjects with high hsa_circ_0001946 levels compared with normal weight subjects with low hsa_circ_0001946 levels. Further, the risk of hypertension was 17.78 times higher (95% CI 1.88–168.61) in subjects with anxiety and high hsa_circ_0001946 levels. Conclusions Hypertension is the result of both environmental factors and genetic factors. Higher hsa_circ_0001946 levels, overweight and anxiety may increase the risk of hypertension, while hsa_circ_0125589 levels are not related to hypertension.

scholarly journals 31.B. Workshop: Public health and urban design: an interdisciplinary approach to promote autism friendly environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Autism is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, characterised by early-onset difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviour and interests. The worldwide population prevalence is about 1% with an increasing incidence and prevalence rates. Autism affects more male than female individuals, and comorbidity is common (>70% have concurrent conditions). Determinants of these changes in incidence and prevalence rates may also be related to exposure to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. In spite of the uncertainty in determinants of incidence of autisms, there is evidence that environmental characteristics play a significant role both as autism risk factors and as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces. The workshop aims to provide a framework on risk factors of autism and explore the relationship with the built environment, focusing on the quality of the everyday spaces and projecting the effects that it could have in the long term on achieving a desirable level of quality of life. The 11th Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations “Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” underlines the necessity of designing policies and projects acting to enhance and promote healthy cities and communities by addressing the needs of the most vulnerable groups of inhabitants. Herewith we bring together the discipline of Public Health and Urban Design to promote an interdisciplinary debate on a little explored topic investigating how the approaches adopted during childhood to promote the wellbeing of people with ASD can be related or strengthen by focusing also on built environment design intervention to pursue and reach the same objectives even during adulthood. The workshop will consist of four presentations. The first focuses on giving an overview on current knowledge of intervention for people with autism, presenting also criteria for evidence-based interventions. The second explores the relationship between autism and built environment by providing an exhaustive framework of the available research literature in order to identify a first set of spatial requirements for autism friendly cities. The third examines the impact of built environment on ASD users with the aim of developing a specific evaluation tool for healthcare spaces and best practices formulation according to the specific sensorial hypo- or hyper-activation of people with autism. Finally, the fourth reports the results of a two years Research & Development project called “GAP REDUCE” finalized at developing an Assistive Technology tool to support people with ASD, adult and high-functioning, to plan urban itineraries towards daily destinations. Key messages World's incidence of autism is about 1% with an increasing incidence whose determining rates may also be related to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. Environmental characteristics play a significant role also as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of people with autism of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces.

scholarly journals Surface Sediment Diatom Assemblages Response to Water Environment in Dongping Lake, North China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Liu ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Shiyue Chen ◽  
Xingzhong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Dongping Lake ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Factors

The relationship between the diatom taxa preserved in surface lake sediments and environmental variables in Dongping Lake was explored using multivariate statistical methods. The statistical analysis showed that the lake was eutrophicated in all seasons. Transparency, chlorophyll a (Chla) and total phosphorus (TP) were the dominant environmental factors in spring and summer, and NH4+-N and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were the dominant environmental factors in autumn and winter. Sixteen genera and 43 species of diatom were found in the surface sediments, and the dominant diatom genera were Aulacoseira, Ulnaria, Cyclotella, Navicula and Fragilaria. A redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo permutation 20 test revealed that COD, pH, TP, conductivity and transparency were significant factors influencing diatom assemblage change, meaning that the distribution of the diatom assemblages were mostly influenced by nutrient composition, light intensity and ion concentrations.

scholarly journals Research on the Relationship between Shared Leadership and Individual Creativity-Qualitative Comparative Analysis on the Basis of Clear Set

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5445
Author(s):  
Muyun Sun ◽  
Jigan Wang ◽  
Ting Wen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Shared Leadership ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sufficient And Necessary Condition

Creativity is the key to obtaining and maintaining competitiveness of modern organizations, and it has attracted much attention from academic circles and management practices. Shared leadership is believed to effectively influence team output. However, research on the impact of individual creativity is still in its infancy. This study adopts the qualitative comparative analysis method, taking 1584 individuals as the research objects, underpinned by a questionnaire-based survey. It investigates the influence of the team’s shared leadership network elements and organizational environmental factors on the individual creativity. We have found that there are six combination of conditions of shared leadership and organizational environmental factors constituting sufficient combination of conditions to increase or decrease individual creativity. Moreover, we have noticed that the low network density of shared leadership is a sufficient and necessary condition of reducing individual creativity. Our results also provide management suggestions for practical activities during the team management.

Measuring pedestrian volume by land use mix: Presenting a new entropy-based index by weighting walking generation units

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Na Im ◽  
Chang Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This study proposes an alternative to the conventional entropy-based land use mix index, which is generally used to measure the diversity of land use. Pedestrian volume was selected as the dependent variable as it represents the vitality of districts, which many recent urban studies now consider important. The study investigates an entropy-based weighted land use mix index, which is weighted by different land use types. For the index, different areas are needed to generate a unit of pedestrian volume, whose measure is m2/person/day. The study demonstrates that this alternative is more effective than the existing conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index for explaining pedestrian volume. The research confirms that the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index can have a positive or negative impact depending on the land use characteristics of the survey points because the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index has a non-linear relationship with pedestrian volume. By analysing 9727 surveyed locations of pedestrian volume in Seoul, Korea, the study demonstrates that the weighted land use mix index, rather than the conventionally used entropy-based land use mix index, can improve the explanatory power of the estimation model for the relationship between pedestrian volume and built environments, showing consistent results throughout the empirical analysis. In future built-environment studies, the utility of the weighted land use mix index is expected to improve if studies include how to find the accurate weighting of the land use in estimating the pedestrian volume.

scholarly journals Examination of the Relationship between In-Store Environmental Factors and Fruit and Vegetable Purchasing among Hispanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sanchez-Flack ◽  
Julie Pickrel ◽  
George Belch ◽  
Shih-Fan Lin ◽  
Cheryl Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The Relationship

Micro design in inter-organizational hybrid governance: a study on product adaptation, reverse knowledge transfer and integration mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novi Lailatul Khoirunnisa ◽  
Rangga Almahendra
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Hybrid Governance ◽  
Integration Mechanism ◽  
Reverse Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Governing Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to explore the extent to which inter-organizational hybrid governance manages the micro design for optimum reverse knowledge transfer in the open innovation context. The authors use two essential facets of micro design in hybrid governance: product adaptation and integration mechanism. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were collected from franchisees through structured questionnaires in Indonesia. Findings Results indicated that product adaptation has a positive relationship with reverse knowledge transfer. This study also found that the formalization strengthens the relationship between product adaptation and reverse knowledge transfer. However, the socialization does not have a moderation effect. Research limitations/implications This research estimates the knowledge transfer from the agent’s side only. Therefore, further research is expected to estimate the reverse knowledge transfer in dyads (from agent and principal) to get a detailed understanding of reverse knowledge transfer. Practical implications This study offers guidelines to managers, especially in inter-organizational hybrid governance. The authors suggest reverse knowledge transfer as a form to manage the dispersed knowledge from their agents. Governing institutions should change their view that agents have diverse knowledgebase from experience adapting to local conditions and can improve their open innovation through reverse knowledge transfer. From the results, it is found that giving agents the flexibility to adapt products can boost reverse knowledge transfer to support open innovation. Originality/value This study provides an understanding of the utilization of external knowledge sourcing in the context of open innovation from agent to principal in hybrid governance through reverse knowledge transfer, which has thus far been empirically under-researched.

scholarly journals Assessing the relationship between environmental factors and malaria vector breeding sites in Swaziland using multi-scale remotely sensed data

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabelo Nick Dlamini ◽  
Jonas Franke ◽  
Penelope Vounatsou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Many entomological studies have analyzed remotely sensed data to assess the relationship between malaria vector distribution and the associated environmental factors. However, the high cost of remotely sensed products with high spatial resolution has often resulted in analyses being conducted at coarse scales using open-source, archived remotely sensed data. In the present study, spatial prediction of potential breeding sites based on multi-scale remotely sensed information in conjunction with entomological data with special reference to presence or absence of larvae was realized. Selected water bodies were tested for mosquito larvae using the larva scooping method, and the results were compared with data on land cover, rainfall, land surface temperature (LST) and altitude presented with high spatial resolution. To assess which environmental factors best predict larval presence or absence, Decision Tree methodology and logistic regression techniques were applied. Both approaches showed that some environmental predictors can reliably distinguish between the two alternatives (existence and non-existence of larvae). For example, the results suggest that larvae are mainly present in very small water pools related to human activities, such as subsistence farming that were also found to be the major determinant for vector breeding. Rainfall, LST and altitude, on the other hand, were less useful as a basis for mapping the distribution of breeding sites. In conclusion, we found that models linking presence of larvae with high-resolution land use have good predictive ability of identifying potential breeding sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document