scholarly journals PERSONALITY MOTIVATIONAL PROFILE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF HAPPINESS IN PATIENTS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
Maruta O.S.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Level Of Motivation

Purpose. Study of the motivational structure of the personality and its relationship with the subjective perception of happiness in patients with mental disorders to determine the mechanisms of their formation.Methods. The complex of research methods included the author’s version of the method of the semantic differential of happiness, designed to diagnose the subjective perception of happiness, the method of the motivational structure of the personality and methods of statistical processing of the obtained data.Results. The article presents the results of the survey 210 patients (70 – with organic mental disorders, 70 – depressive disorders, 70 – neurotic disorders) and 105 healthy (persons without mental disorders) were examined.It was found that patients with PD are characterized by a reduced level of motivation both in aspirations and in real implementation. These tendencies in patients with mental disorders are common in both general life and work situations. Among the structural features of the motivational profile of patients with mental disorders, the predominance of consumption motivation is determined with a less expressive development motivation.The components of the subjective perception of happiness by direct correlations were associated with social activity, motivation for development, comfort, consumption. Inverse correlations connected the categories of subjective perception of happiness and the focus on experiences of the wall type, communication, general and creative activity, motivation for development.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the subjective perception of happiness in patients with mental disorders is conditioned by certain features of the emotional-motivational sphere. The psychotherapeutic effects of certain features allow to correct the nature of the subjective perception of happiness.Key words: subjective perception of happiness, motivational orientation of the personality, emotional profile of the personality, mental disorders, correlations, level of needs, life satisfaction. Мета. Вивчення мотиваційної структури особистості та її зв’язку із суб’єктивним сприйняттям щастя у пацієнтів із психічними розладами для визначення механізмів їх формування.Методи. Комплекс методів дослідження включав авторський варіант методики семантичного диференціалу щастя, призначений для діагностики суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя, методику мотиваційного профілю структури особистості та методи статистичної обробки отриманих даних.Результати. У статті викладені результати обстеження 210 пацієнтів (70 – з органічними психіч-ними розладами, 70 – з депресивними розладами, 70 – з невротичними розладами) та 105 здорових (осіб без психічних розладів).Встановлено, що хворі на психічні розлади характеризуються зниженим рівнем мотивації як у прагненнях, так і в реальній реалізації. Означені тенденції у хворих на психічні розлади є спільними як у загальножиттєвих, так і в робочих ситуаціях. Серед структурних особливостей мотиваційного профілю хворих на психічні розлади визначається превалювання мотивації споживання за менш виразної мотивації розвитку.Складники суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя прямими кореляціями були пов’язані із суспільною активністю, мотивацією розвитку, комфорту, споживання. Зворотні кореляційні зв’язки поєднували категорії суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя та спрямованість на переживання стенічного типу, спілкування, загальну та творчу активність, мотивацію розвитку.Висновки. Отримані дані свідчать про те, що суб’єктивне сприйняття щастя хворих на психічні розлади зумовлене певними особливостями емоційно-мотиваційної сфери. Психотерапевтичні впливи визначених особливостей дозволяють корегувати характер суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя.Ключові слова: суб’єктивне сприйняття щастя, мотиваційна спрямованість особистості, емоційний профіль особистості, психічні розлади, кореляційні зв’язки, рівень потреб, задоволеність життям.

scholarly journals Psychological health and subjective perception of happiness in mental disorders

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Individual Model ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Coherence

The aim of the study was to study psychological health (PH) and its relationship with subjective perception of happiness in patients with various types of mental disorders (MD). The set of research methods included the methodology “Individual model of psychological health”, “Semantic diff erential of happiness” (SDH) and methods of statistical processing of the data obtained. The study involved 210 patients with MD (70 with organic disorders, 70 with depressive disorders and 70 with neurotic disorders). It was found that with all variants of MD, a signifi cantly lower level of realizability of the “Prosocial” vector was determined, which refl ects the presence of internal and social coherence of the individual. In neurotic disorders, apart from Prosocial, the “Strategic” and “Family” vectors were also signifi cantly less realizable, which refl ected signifi cantly lower levels of family well-being, the ability for strategic planning, purposeful functioning, and persistence of these patients. In depressive disorders, the “Strategic”, “Intellectual” and “I” vectors were also signifi cantly less realizable, determining the low realizability of patients in this group, primarily in the spheres “I”-Realization, — emotional, intellectual, social and physical. In organic disorders among the components of the PH, the “Intellectual” vector was also less realized in comparison with the healthy group; The data obtained indicate that the subjective perception of happiness by patients with MD is associated primarily with the “Strategic”, “Prosocial”, “Family”, “Intellectual” and “I” vectors of the PH. The “creative”, “Spiritual” and “Humanistic” components of PH did not fi nd a relationship with the level of subjective perception of happiness in patients with MD.

scholarly journals Emotional intelligence and its relationship with subjective perception of happiness in patients with mental disorders

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was to research emotional intelligence and its relationship with the level of "happiness" in patients with various forms of mental disorders. The study involved 210 patients with mental disorders (70 with organic mental disorders, 70 with endogenous disorders and 70 with neurotic disorders) and 105 healthy people. Patients with mental disorders were characterized by a lower level of emotional intelligence (EQ), which is equal to medium-low normative gradations, which defined patients as less able to adequately understand, guide and express their own emotions and experiences, as well as understand and adequately respond to the emotions of others, compared with individuals. without mental pathology. Patients with endogenous disorders were characterized by a low level of EQ. According to the data obtained, the least satisfied with life, and, accordingly, having a low level of happiness, were patients with neurotic disorders, in which the degree of satisfaction with life (the difference between needs and their realizability) had low values ​​(0.90 ± 0.39), which defined them as less lucky. The level of happiness and, accordingly, the least low indicators of the degree of satisfaction with life among the forms of mental disorders were determined by organic disorders (1.22 ± 0.46), the indicators of which were as close as possible to the results of healthy individuals. The level of dissatisfaction with life in people with endogenous disorders was higher (1.57 ± 0.39) than in healthy people, at p ≤ 0.05, which determined them as less successful. The level of happiness of patients was directly correlate to the severity of emotional intelligence (the higher the level of EQ, the higher the level of happiness is), motivational focus on development and social activity, as well as sthenism in emotional experiences. These emotional and motivational features cause an increase in the level of subjective perception of happiness.

ДОЛГОСРОЧНАЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА АНГИООТЕКОВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НАО

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
T.V. Latysheva ◽  
E.A. Latysheva ◽  
I.A. Manto
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Acute Attacks ◽  
Life Career

Наследственный ангиоотек (НАО) с дефицитом С1ингибитора (С1ИНГ) представляет собой редкое заболевание, которое оказывает сильное воздействие на жизнь пациентов как физически, так и эмоционально. Непредсказуемость атак влияет на повседневную жизнь, выбор профессии, социальную активность. Кроме того, страх перед развитием отека, а также связанными с ним болью и риском смерти приводит к депрессивным расстройствам, характерным для хронических, в особенности жизнеугрожающих заболеваний. Появление современных патогенетических препаратов способно минимизировать влияние НАО и улучшить качество жизни больных. В основе терапии НАО лежат долгосрочная профилактика, краткосрочная профилактика и купирование острых атак. В данной статье речь пойдет о долгосрочной профилактике.Hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to of C1inhibitor deficiency is a rare disease, which causes a strong physical and psychological impact on patients lives. HAE affects daily life, career opportunities, and social activity. In addition, fear of the edema development, as well as the associated with it pain and risk of death leads to depressive disorders specific for chronic (especially lifethreatening) diseases. The emergence of modern pathogenetic drugs can minimize the effect of HAE and improve the patients quality of life. There are three different therapeutic strategies that are used for HAE treatment: longterm prophylaxis, shortterm and ondemand therapy for acute attacks. This article focuses on longterm prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Architecture and Mental Disorders: A Systematic Study of Peer-Reviewed Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 193758672097376
Author(s):  
Mais M. Aljunaidy ◽  
Mohamad Nadim Adi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Physical Environments

Objectives: To perform a systematic study about the contribution of architecture and interior design researchers in studying the effect of physical environment on mental disorders. Background: Mental disorders are a major health problem worldwide and related to severe distress, functional disabilities, and heavy economical burdens. Studies propose that physical environment design can trigger or reduce mental disorder symptoms. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the extent of architectural design research contribution to all types of mental disorder prevention or intervention. Methods: A team of cross-disciplinary researchers gathered information from peer-reviewed manuscripts about the effect of architectural design on enhancing or reducing mental disorder symptoms. Data were collected from manuscripts published between 2008 and 2020 (research related to the topic became clearer in quality and quantity then). Keywords including architecture, interior design, physical environment, and mental disorders were used in the systematic search. Databases were collected using online resources. Numerical data collected from quantitative studies were organized in tables. Results: Our data showed that there were a lot of studies about dementia and autism; few studies about schizophrenia, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and depressive disorders; and no studies about the rest of the mental disorders. General environment followed by housing facility design were the most assessed physical environments for mental disorders. Conclusions: As all mental disorders can have a significant impact on the society, we conclude that architectural studies should focus more on improving or preventing the symptoms of all types of mental disorders through the design of physical environments.

Mental Disorders and the Use of Psychotropic Drugs in an 85-Year-Old Urban Population

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Skoog ◽  
Lars Nilsson ◽  
Sten Landahl ◽  
Bertil Steen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Drug

The prevalence of mental disorders was studied in a representative sample of 85-year-old living in Gothenburg, Sweden, (n=494). All subjects were examined by a psychiatrist, whose diagnoses were defined according to the DSM-III-R criteria. In the sample, the prevalence of dementia was 29.8%, and of any other mental disorder was 24.3%. Psychotic disorders were present in 4.7%, depressive disorders in 12.6%, and anxiety disorders in 10.5%. Anxiety disorders were more common in women than in men. Of all subjects, 42.5% used a psychotropic drug (men 30.1%, women 47.6%, p<0.001), 34.2% used anxiolytic-sedatives, 14.0% used antidepressants, and 5.7% used neuroleptics. Women used significantly more anxiolytic-sedatives and antidepressants than did men. Of those with no mental disorders, 29.1% used a psychotropic drug. Although the prescription of psychotropic drugs was high, only one fifth of those with depressive disorders received antidepressant drug therapy and one tenth of those with psychotic disorders received neuroleptics.

scholarly journals The influence of social factors on the development of the motivational sphere of student youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-180
Author(s):  
Lada Yakovytska
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the analysis and empirical study of the most promising developmental tasks of the modern educational environment for the development of new approaches to the organization and psychological support of the development of a person's productive activity. These tasks clearly demonstrate the relationship between the motivational sphere of the individual and the social environment, the effectiveness of the influence of social factors on the development of the individual, the importance of studying their hierarchization according to the degree of influence. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the study of the possibility of a targeted impact through social factors, norms, requirements on the motivational-need sphere of a developing personality will allow to determine to a large extent, the direction of its development. Our research is based on the assumption that the analysis of the motivational profile will allow us to understand how student youth comes to the realization of the need to coordinate the goals, requirements, wishes of the external environment with their own motivation. The aim of the study was to study the influence of the individual's objective attitudes on the structure of professional activity motives. To solve the set tasks, the following methods were used: the motivational profile of S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the test "20 statements". The results obtained by the method of S. Ritchie and P. Martin confirmed our hypothetical assumption, the respondents predominantly chose the objective components of the motivational structure, which were substantively related to the social expectations of the subjects (from society to themselves). The results obtained confirmed the prospects of studying the influence of social factors on the development of the motivational-need-related sphere of the individual. The analysis of social factors makes it possible to study and model the conditions that contribute to the rethinking of the actual situation by the individual and the creation of new meanings of activity that provide for a wider non-utilitarian social context that goes beyond the current situation.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and web user experience

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meinald T. Thielsch ◽  
Carolin Thielsch
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Impact

Background Depression, as one of the most prevalent mental disorders, is expected to become a leading cause of disability. While evidence-based treatments are not always easily accessible, Internet-based information and self-help appears as a promising approach to improve the strained supply situation by avoiding barriers of traditional offline treatment. User experience in the domain of mental problems therefore emerges as an important research topic. The aim of our study is to investigate the impact of depressive symptoms on subjective and objective measures of web user experience. Method In this two-part online study (Ntotal = 721) we investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms of web users and basic website characteristics (i.e., content, subjective and objective usability, aesthetics). Participants completed search and memory tasks on different fully-functional websites. In addition, they were asked to evaluate the given websites with standardized measures and were screened for symptoms of depression using the PHQ-9. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine whether depression severity affects users’ perception of and performance in using information websites. Results We found significant associations between depressive symptoms and subjective user experience, specifically of website content, usability, and aesthetics, as well as an effect of content perception on the overall appraisal of a website in terms of the intention to visit it again. Small yet significant negative effects of depression severity on all named subjective website evaluations were revealed, leading to an indirect negative effect on the intention to revisit a website via impaired content perceptions. However, objective task performance was not influenced by depressiveness of users. Discussion Depression emerges as capable of altering the subjective perception of a website to some extend with respect to the main features content, usability, and aesthetics. The user experience of a website is crucial, especially as it facilitates revisiting a website and thus might be relevant in avoiding drop-out in online interventions. Thus, the biased impression of persons affected by symptoms of depression and resulting needs of those users should be considered when designing and evaluating E-(Mental)-Health-platforms. The high prevalence of some mental disorders such as depression in the general population stresses the need for further investigations of the found effects.

scholarly journals Suicide attempt following sickness absence and disability pension due to common mental disorders: a prospective Swedish twin study

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1053-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wang ◽  
L. Mather ◽  
P. Svedberg ◽  
E. Mittendorfer-Rutz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Familial Factors

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate if sickness absence and disability pension (SA/DP) in general and due to specific common mental disorders (CMDs) are associated with subsequent suicide attempt among women and men by taking familial factors (genetics and shared environment) into consideration. Methods This register-based cohort study includes 4871 twin pairs 18–65 years of age discordant for SA/DP due to CMDs 2005–2010. Twins were followed up for suicide attempt from inpatient and specialised outpatient care until December 2012. Conditional Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusting for familial factors, were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results SA/DP due to CMDs was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempt (HR 3.14, CI 2.51–3.93). The risk of suicide attempt was five times higher among men and three times higher among women, compared to the SA/DP unaffected co-twins. In the diagnosis-specific analysis, SA/DP due to anxiety disorders resulted in the highest HR (4.09, CI 2.37–7.06) for suicide attempt, followed by depressive disorders (HR 3.70, CI 2.66–5.14) and stress-related disorders (HR 1.96, CI 1.35–2.84). The stratified analysis on zygosity indicates that there seems to be a genetic influence on the associations between SA/DP due to CMDs and suicide attempt, particularly among women and among those with SA/DP due to depressive disorders. Conclusions SA/DP due to CMDs was a risk factor for suicide attempt among women and men. Genetic factors might explain part of the associations for women and for those with SA/DP due to depressive disorders.

The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among Clergy in São Paulo, Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lotufo-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
The Church ◽  
Life Inventory ◽  
Psychiatric Screening

To investigate their mental disorders prevalence, the Self-Report Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Religious Life Inventory were mailed to 750 religious ministers. From the 207 who answered, 40 were randomly chosen and invited to a diagnostic interview using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and an open interview using the Severity of Psychosocial Stressors Scale (DSM-III-R Axis IV). During the month before the interview, mental disorders prevalence was 12.5%, and 47% received a psychiatric diagnosis when the lifetime period was considered. Their main diagnoses were Depressive Disorders (16.4%), Sleep Disorders (12.9%) and Anxiety Disorders (9.4%). Intrinsic religious orientation was associated with positive mental health, and quest orientation scores were significantly higher in the group with a larger probability of mental disorder symptoms and diagnoses. Financial problems, problems with church members and with other pastors, leadership conflicts, marital difficulties, doctrinal problems in the church, and overwork were the main identified stressors.

scholarly journals Stress and psychiatric disorder in urban Rawalpindi

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Mumford ◽  
Fareed A. Minhas ◽  
Imtiaz Akhtar ◽  
Saeed Akhter ◽  
Malik H. Mubbashar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Socio Economic Variables

BackgroundRecent studies in rural areas of Pakistan have yielded high prevalence rates of common mental disorders, especially among women.AimsTo investigate emotional distress and common mental disorders in a poor urban district using the same survey method.MethodFirst-stage screening of a slum district of Rawalpindi used the Bradford Somatic Inventory. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with stratified samples using the ICD–10 research diagnostic criteria.ResultsOn a conservative estimate, 25% of women and 10% of men suffered from anxiety and depressive disorders. Levels of emotional distress increased with age in both men and women. Women living in joint households reported more distress than those living in unitary families. Higher levels of education were associated with lower risk of common mental disorders, especially in younger women. Emotional distress was negatively correlated with socio-economic variables among women.ConclusionsThis study found levels of emotional distress and psychiatric morbidity in a poor district of Rawalpindi to be less than half those in a nearby rural village in the Punjab, although rates in women were still double those in men. Possible explanations are that more healthy people migrate to the cities or that urban living is more conducive to good mental health in Pakistan.

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