The Effectiveness of Cassava Leaf Flour (Manihot esculenta C.) and Fish Flour as Artificial Meal on Growth of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15% meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89% dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan pada B (40% % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung Daun Singkong Tua

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PEMANFAATAN KEONG MAS (Pomacea caniculata) SEBAGAI SUMBER BAHAN BAKU PAKAN IKAN

10.31227/osf.io/ymx49 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

titin liana febriyanti

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Protein Content ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Fish Growth ◽

High Price ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Research Results ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Fish growth is influenced by several factors, one of which is feed. To overcome the high price of feed, the cultivators need to find alternative raw materials as a substitute for fish meal. One source of animal protein that can be a substitute for fish meal is mas snail flour (Pomacea caniculata). The purpose of this study is to know the benefits of snail pests as a source of raw materials of fish feed, knowing the best formulation for fish feed and to determine which protein content is best in fish feed. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications. From the research results can be seen that the best formulation is the C treatment of 50% fish meal and 50% golden snail flour, with the highest protein content of 34.26%. Keywords: Feed, snail mas, formulation, and protein. Abstrak Pertumbuhan ikan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah pakan. Untuk mengatasi tingginya harga pakan, maka pembudidaya perlu mencari bahan baku alternatif sebagai pengganti tepung ikan. Salah satu sumber protein hewani yang dapat menjadi pengganti tepung ikan adalah tepung keong mas (Pomacea caniculata). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat hama keong mas sebagai sumber bahan baku pakan ikan, mengetahui formulasi yang terbaik untuk pakan ikan dan untuk mengetahui kandungan protein mana yang terbaik pada pakan ikan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa formulasi yang terabaik adalah perlakuan C yaitu 50% tepung ikan dan 50% tepung keong mas, dengan kandungan proteinnya yang tertinggi yaitu 34,26%. Kata kunci: Pakan, keong mas, formulasi, dan protein.

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PEMANFAATAN KEONG MAS (Pomacea caniculata) SEBAGAI SUMBER BAHAN BAKU PAKAN IKAN

10.31227/osf.io/eyzmn ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

titin liana febriyanti

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Protein Content ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Fish Growth ◽

High Price ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Research Results ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Fish growth is influenced by several factors, one of which is feed. To overcome the high price of feed, the cultivators need to find alternative raw materials as a substitute for fish meal. One source of animal protein that can be a substitute for fish meal is mas snail flour (Pomacea caniculata). The purpose of this study is to know the benefits of snail pests as a source of raw materials of fish feed, knowing the best formulation for fish feed and to determine which protein content is best in fish feed. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications. From the research results can be seen that the best formulation is the C treatment of 50% fish meal and 50% golden snail flour, with the highest protein content of 34.26%. Keywords: Feed, snail mas, formulation, and protein. Abstrak Pertumbuhan ikan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah pakan. Untuk mengatasi tingginya harga pakan, maka pembudidaya perlu mencari bahan baku alternatif sebagai pengganti tepung ikan. Salah satu sumber protein hewani yang dapat menjadi pengganti tepung ikan adalah tepung keong mas (Pomacea caniculata). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat hama keong mas sebagai sumber bahan baku pakan ikan, mengetahui formulasi yang terbaik untuk pakan ikan dan untuk mengetahui kandungan protein mana yang terbaik pada pakan ikan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa formulasi yang terabaik adalah perlakuan C yaitu 50% tepung ikan dan 50% tepung keong mas, dengan kandungan proteinnya yang tertinggi yaitu 34,26%. Kata kunci: Pakan, keong mas, formulasi, dan protein.

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The Difference in Lactobacillus plantarum Density on the Fermentation Process of Cassava Leaves (Manihot utillisima) as Substance for Plant-Based Protein

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan ◽

10.20473/jipk.v12i2.22183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Priyandaru Agung Eko Trapsilo ◽

Anik Martinah Hariati ◽

Titik Dwi Sulistiati

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Nutritional Content ◽

High Fiber ◽

Cassava Leaves ◽

High Nutrient ◽

The Difference

HighlightCassava leaves (Manihot utillisima) identification and analysisObserving the content of anti-nutritional cyanide (HCN) in cassava leavesOrganoleptic testing in the fermentation process of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria against cassava leaves (Manihot utilissima)Knowing the nutritional content of cassava leaves, after fermentation process that use the different Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriaKnowing the nutritional content of fermented cassava leaves (Manihot utilissima)AbstractCassava leaves (M. utilissima) are well used as a staple ingredient for feeding livestock mainly for high nutrient content especially protein which is 27%. The main problem in the use of cassava leaves as fish feed ingredients is its high fiber content, making it difficult to be digest by fish. The main purpose of this research was that fermented cassava leaves by using L. plantarum could increase its protein content. This research was conducted by adding the different concentrations of L. plantarum which were 0 cell/ml, 1012 cells/ml, and 1013 cells/ml, 1014 cells/ml, and repeated three times. The result showed that L. plantarum with the concentration of 1014 cells/ml provides the best results overall in increasing protein content by 35.8% and physical characteristic test including scent, texture, hypha quantity, and water vapor provides the best result

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The Manufacture of Lele Dumbo (Clarias Gariepinus) Feed by Utilizing Industrial Waste of Fish, Cassava and Paddy

Journal La Lifesci ◽

10.37899/journallalifesci.v1i6.285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

pp. 28-35

Author(s):

Winda Amilia ◽

Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto ◽

Intan Rohmatul Maulidiah ◽

Tommy Eka Chandra Firmansyah

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Peanut Meal ◽

Fish Feed ◽

A Value ◽

Value Range ◽

Good Nutrition

A feed is one of the components that supports a cultivation business activity, fish feed must have good nutrition, especially a source of protein. Sources of protein for fish feed ingredients are generally imported, such as peanut meal and fish meal. Utilization of fishery and industrial waste as fish clothing is an effort to overcome the relatively high cost of feed. This study aims to determine the effect of adding formulations on the chemical properties of industrial waste-based catfish feed. The results showed that the more fish meal formulations that were added could increase the protein content in a range of 22.90% -39.90%, fat 5% -7.70%, and ash 5.79% -11.36%. The carbohydrate content decreased with a value range of 33.87% -57.08% and water 7.14% -12%. Fish feed formulations that are close to the SNI for catfish feed are found in treatment P1 with 39.90% protein content test results; water 7,18%; fat 7,7%; Ash 11.36% and carbohydrates 33.87%.

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Nitrogen excretion and oxygen consumption on hyper intensive tilapia Oreochromis niloticus culture using three different commercial diets

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol48-issue5-fulltext-2539 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 836-846

Author(s):

Samuel López-Tejeida ◽

Juan Fernando García-Trejo ◽

Leticia Félix-Cuencas ◽

Jesús Josafat De León-Ramírez ◽

Maribel Villegas-Villegas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Nitrogen Compound ◽

Nitrogen Excretion ◽

Nitrogen Compounds ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Biometric Data ◽

Nutritional Factors ◽

Sound Effects ◽

Medium Cost

The fish feed used in aquaculture systems has many nutritional factors like protein, fat, fiber, ash, and humidity; from these factors, one of great importance is protein. The protein of fish feed is obtained from fish meal, and the demand for fish meal has increased; this induces to increase the price. Many pieces of research have been done about this topic to mitigate this problem. This research shows the differences between three commercial foods of the different processes with the same quantity of protein, using tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, to prove any difference between NO2-, NO3-, and NH4+. Nitrogen compounds were determined with HACH methods for the DR6000 spectrophotometer. Biometric data were registered throughout the growth of fish, along with measure aerobic metabolism. Results have shown that has better outcomes related to low excretion of nitrogen compound was medium-cost fish feed (MCFF). It also has sound effects associated with the length-weight relationship; that could be connected to these fish feed's protein sources.

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POTENSI IKAN Osteochilus hasselti SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU LOKAL UNTUK PAKAN DALAM KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA IKAN DI DANAU RANO

KAUDERNI : Journal of Fisheries, Marine and Aquatic Science ◽

10.47384/kauderni.v2i2.44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Muhammad Safir ◽

Desiana Trisnawati Tobigo ◽

Kasim Mansyur ◽

Livia ◽

Nur’aidah

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Protein Content ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Test Sample ◽

Ash Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Fish Feed

Lake Rano has abundant water resources, one of which is Nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti). However, the abundance of Nilem (O. hasselti) has not been appropriately utilized and has become a pest in the local community's fishery activities. This study aimed to examine the potential of Nilem (O. hasselti) in terms of nutrient content as a local raw material in making the fish feed to support fish farming activities in Lake Rano. The method in conducting the research was initiated by taking samples of Nilem fish directly from the waters of Lake Rano, then drying the whole fish (without cleaning), and mashing it. Furthermore, testing the nutrient content of fish meal as a test sample. The analysis showed that the whole Nilem fish meal had a protein content of 39.62%, a fat content of 1.4%, a carbohydrate content of 31.7%, an ash content of 17.9%, and a moisture content of 9.38%. It can be concluded that Nilem fish (O. hasselti) has the potential to be used as a substitute for the primary raw material as a source of animal protein for making fish feed, especially in Lake Rano.

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Utilisation of house fly maggots (Musca domestica) as replacement for fish meal in the diets of Clarias gariepinus juveniles

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed ◽

10.3920/jiff2017.0057 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 69-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.O. Ipinmoroti ◽

O.A. Akanmu ◽

A.O. Iyiola

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Content ◽

Musca Domestica ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

House Fly ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Feed Production ◽

Significant Difference

Fish meal is widely used in commercial feed production because of its amino acids profile, and high protein content, however, its usage constitutes a major cost in fish feed production. It is therefore essential to source for a highly nutritious, cheap and readily available substitute which can supply the farmed fish with necessary dietary requirements for proper growth and development. The study utilised house fly maggots (Musca domestica) cultured from poultry waste at varying inclusion levels of 0 (no inclusion), 25, 50, 75 and 100% (maggot inclusions) to replace fish meal in the diets and replicated thrice. A total of 180 Clarias gariepinus juveniles catfish with initial average weight of 10.11±0.12 g were stocked at 12 fish per tank, acclimatised for 2 weeks and fed twice daily at 3% body weight for a period of 12 weeks. The proximate composition of wet maggots showed the presence of favourable amino acids similar to fish meal but had lower crude protein content (47.45%) with high ether extract (22.23%) and moisture content (83.52%). The water quality parameters such as ammonia, temperature and dissolved oxygen were monitored daily and showed no significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatments and were tolerable for fish culture. Sampling of fish was done weekly, the growth and nutrient utilisation, economic indices and haematological studies were done and analysis of variance was used for the statistical analysis. It was observed that 75% inclusion of wet maggot gave better results and rapid utilisation and conversion of feed to flesh and was evident in the weight gain (50.71 g), lowest feed conversion ratio (1.04±0.04), highest specific growth rate (1.99±0.00 g/day) and cheap in terms of cost of production (₦ 172.12). This shows that 75% of wet maggots can be recommended as an inclusion level in commercial fish feed for adequate utilisation by C. gariepinus juveniles.

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Effects of Different Fish Diets on the Water Quality in Semi-Intensive Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Farming

Water ◽

10.3390/w13091215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1215

Author(s):

László Berzi-Nagy ◽

Attila Mozsár ◽

Flórián Tóth ◽

Dénes Gál ◽

Zoltán Nagy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Nutrient Loading ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Pond Water ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Plant Oil ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

Semi-intensive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) farm technology uses several feed types affecting the growth performance; however, we know less about their long-term effects on water quality. Herein, we evaluated the effects of three commonly used feeds—moderate levels of fish meal and fish oil feed (FF), plant meal and plant oil feed (PF), and cereal feed (CF) on the nutrient (total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter (OM)) content of the pond water. The experiment was carried out over three consecutive years from juveniles to market-sized fish. The type of feed affected the net yields, but generally, it did not affect the water quality. The year of sampling, however, was a significant factor affecting TN, TP, and OM, whose concentrations decreased during the three years. Our findings highlight that the age of the stocked fish on water quality has a more pronounced effect than the nutrient profile of the supplementary feed. Additionally, the plant-based feed could provide comparable net yields as the fish meal-based feed without additional nutrient loading in the water column, reinforcing the sustainability of alternative feeds in semi-intensive carp farming.

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