scholarly journals Unregulated Desires: Anomie, the “Rainbow Underclass” and Second-generation Alevi Kurdish Gangs in London

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
Umit Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Generation Migrant

This article offers a case study of the adaptation strategies of a section of second-generation young male Alevi Kurds in London and the social conditions which make some of them more prone to join gangs and to reject mainstream institutions in their search for instant material rewards. It is instructive to use Durkheim’s analysis of society’s integrative and regulative functions and particularly his concept of anomie to understand a situation where the legitimate means in the pursuit of material wealth and comfort are out of balance with the demand, calling into question the legitimacy of the institutions which provide these functions. Those who cannot compete through existing institutions are more likely to seek alternative means to achieve these ends. Durkheim identified youth as more vulnerable to such unregulated desires and I argue that his approach offers valuable insights into the anomic pressures confronting second-generation migrant young men in particular.  Abstract in Kurmanji Arezûyên tenzîmnekirî: anomie, "jêrçîna keskesorê" û bandên kurdên elewî yên ji nifşê duyem li Londrayê Ev gotar xebateke waqi'eyê ye li ser rê û rêbazên parçeyeke nifşê duyem ê xortên kurdên elewî li Londrayê û li ser şertên civakî yên ku hindek ji wan pal didin ku bikevine nav bandan (çeteyan) û dezgehên damezrandî red bikin di lêgerîna xwe ya destkeftên maddî de. Bicî ye li vir ew tehlîla Durkheim bê bikaranîn ya li ser fonksiyonên civakê yên aîdkirin û tenzîmkirinê û bi taybetî têgeha wî ya anomie (bêhêvîtî) ji bo famkirina wan rewşên ku rê û amrazên rewa yên bidestxistina dewlemendiya maddî û rihetiyê ne hevkêş in ligel xwastê (telebê), ku bi vî rengî rewayiya wan dezgehên van fonsiyonan bi cî tînin dikeve jêr pirsyarê. Ewên ku nikarin bi rêya dezgehên heyî bigihine destkeftan dê bi ihtimaleke mezintir ji kesên asayî li rê û rêbazên alternatîv binihêrin ji bo gihiştina bi wan armancan. Durkheimî destnîşan kiribû ku xort hesastir in beramber arezûyên wisa tenzîmnekirî û ez îdia dikim ku ev boçûn rê dide têgihiştineke kûrtir li ser zextên bêhêvîtiyê yên li ber ciwanên koçber ên ji nifşê duyem. Abstract in Sorani Arezûy narêkixraw: rîzperî, "çînî xwarewey pelkezêrrîne" we bandî newey-‏duwemî ‏Kurdî 'Elewî le Lenden Em wtare dîrasey keysî sitratîjîyekanî xoguncandinî beşêk le newey duwemî lawe 'elewye ‏kurdekanî lenden dexate rû legell ew barudoxe komellayetyaneşda ke wa dekat hendêkîyan le ‏gerranyan bedway deskewtî maddî henûkeyîda zyatir meylyan bo peyustibûn be bandekan û ‏retkirdnewey damezrawe giştîyekan hebêt. Ravey Durkheim‎ bo çalakî yeksixistin û rêkxistne ‏cvakîyekan sudbexşe bo bekarhênan, betaybetî çemkî rîzperî yarmetîdere bo têgeyiştin le ‏barudoxêk ke têyda rêga yasayîkan bo gerran bedway saman û asûdeyîda legell xwastekeda na ‏hawsengin, emeş şer'îyetî ew dezgayaney ke em erkane desteber deken dexate jêr ‏pirsyarewe. Ewaney ke natwanin le çwarçêwey damezrawekanda pêşbirrkê bken zyatir egerî ‏eweyan heye bedway rêgay bedîlda bgerrên bo geyîştin bew amancane. Durkheim‎ genc wa pênase ‏dekat ke zyatir amadeye bo ew core arezuwe na rêkixrawane û mnîş miştumrrî ewe dekem ke ‏têzekey ew têgeyîştinêkî benrix bo ew fşare rîzperyaney ke cîlî-duwemî pyawe gence ‏koçberekan rûberûy debnewe, pêşkeş dekat. Abstract in Zazaki Waştişê bêkontrolî: Anomî, “binsinifa keskûsûre” û Londra de çeteyê kurdanê elewîyan ê neslê dîyinî Na meqale derheqê bikardardişê stratejîyanê qisimêkê xortanê kurdanê elewîyan ê neslê dîyinî yê Londra de xebata nimûneyî pêşkêş kena. Na xebate kî qayîtê şert û şurtanê xortan ê komelkîyan kena ke nê şertî tayîne rê benê sebeb ke semedê çîp dîyayîşê xelatanê madîyan ra nê xortî bibê beşdarê çeteyan û dezgehanê pêroyîyan red bikerê. Seba ke fehm bibo ke çira îmkanê lejîtîmî yê dozkerdişê rehet û maldarîya madîye hemsencîya waştişê xo de nîyê û çira naye de meşrûîyetê dezgehanê resmîyanê têkildaran pers beno, fayde beno ke merdim analîzê Durkheîmî yê fonksîyonanê komelî yê tekûzdar û tenzîmkeran û bitaybetî konseptê ey ê anomî bixebitno. Êyê ke nêeşkenê pê dezgehanê estbîyayeyan xo têver bierzê, bi îhtîmalêk ro îmkananê alternatîfan gêrenê ke wina biresê hedefê xo. Durkheîmî dî ke xortî waştişanê bêkontrolan ê winasîyan rê hîna zaf hîsgêr ê û ez musnena ke hewayê ey ê ewnîyayîşî derheqê tengijîyayîşanê anomîkan de, bitaybetî seba xortanê maciran ê neslanê dîyinan, fehmkerdişê erjayeyî pêşkêş keno.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perspective on Sociological and Environmental Issues of Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture: A Case Study from Western and Southern Regions of Sierra Leone

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Osman Nabay ◽  
Abdul R. Conteh ◽  
Alusaine E. Samura ◽  
Emmanuel S. Hinckley ◽  
Mohamed S. Kamara
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Financial Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Household Assets ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

The paper examined and brought to the fore the typical characteristic of urban and peri-urban farmers in Freetown and Bo communities which serves as major source of supply of agricultural products into the cities’ markets. The social and environmental aspect and perception of producers involved in urban and peri-urban agriculture was examined. Descriptive statistics and pictograms were used to analyze and present the data. Results indicate that 56.34% never went to formal school and mostly dominated by women, showing that farming became the alternative means of livelihood support for those groups. Crops grown are purely influenced by market orientation—demand and cost, as is evident in Gloucester (lettuce, cabbage and spring onions). Potato leaves were commonly grown in almost all communities, reason being that it serves as common/major sauce/vegetable cooked in every household in Sierra Leone. Maize and rice were featured in Ogoo farm—government supervised land set aside purposely for growing crops to supply the city. Findings also revealed that majority of the farmers are resource poor, judging from calculation about their monthly income earning and available household assets and amenities. About 70.4% of the lands the farmers grow their crops on is leased for production. Except for Gloucester community, when costs of production will be summed, minimal benefit seem to be realized from the farming activities. Even though some of these farmers are engaged in organization, many have limited access to micro financial organization that would probably loan them money to upscale production.

Strangers in a Strange Land?: (Re)Constructing ‘Irishness’ in a Northern English Town

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-76
Author(s):  
Noel Gilzean ◽  
James W. McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Political Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
Irish Identity ◽  
Physical Construction

This is a case study of the social and physical construction of an ‘Irish’ community in an English town. It asks how or why members of this community migrated and how they construct contemporary images of ‘home’. The article draws on semi-structured interviews and conversations with members of the contemporary Irish community in Huddersfield, including Irish-born and second-generation Irish respondents. We find that their sense of Irish identity is complex, encompassing the totality of social experience, much of which is influenced by often competing interpretations of social and political relationships and understandings of history. What constitutes Irish identity in Huddersfield is determined not just by these factors, but also by the ways in which individuals are socialised as members of different families, neighbourhoods, workplace or other social interest groups.

The Mnemonic Imagination and Second-Generation Migrant Experience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Keightley ◽  
Michael Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
Professional Photographer ◽  
Generation Migrant

Drawing on our concept of the mnemonic imagination, this chapter shows how the past is reactivated and pieced together into a relatively coherent narrative in the interests of identity and the effective management of change. In forming the synthetic hub of remembering and imagining, the mnemonic imagination is mobilized in bringing past, present, and future into meaningful correspondence. This chapter illustrates how this happens via an ethnographic case study involving Kia Kapoor, a second-generation Indian woman in her early 30s living in England, who uses her work as a professional photographer to help her negotiate her own difficult past as someone caught between two cultures. The case demonstrates mnemonic imagining at work in a particular cross-generational and cross-cultural context, taking into account how it can be thwarted by various obstacles and how, through considerable resistance and struggle, it can help overcome the consequences of radical sociocultural disruption.

scholarly journals Enhancing Social Resilience of the Coastal Fishing Communities: A Case Study of Hilsa (Tenualosa Ilisha H.) Fishery in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mozumder ◽  
Md. Wahab ◽  
Simo Sarkki ◽  
Petra Schneider ◽  
Mohammad Islam
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Building Community ◽  
Distribution Of Power

Social resilience is an essential aspect of sustainability in environmental management, especially in poor resource-dependent communities. To better understand the dynamics of social resilience, we have conducted a primarily qualitative study of communities dependent on hilsa fishing in two coastal villages in southern Bangladesh. This study applies concepts of social-ecological system (SES), social resilience and co-management in outlining our qualitative data and framing its interpretation. Our findings show that while the establishment of hilsa sanctuary areas has enhanced the previously low ecological sustainability of local small-scale fishing, the management of this program has challenged the social resilience of hilsa fishers by creating new inequalities in the distribution of power and privilege, in terms of the ways in which seasonal fishing bans are enforced and compensation for income loss during the ban periods is distributed. Based on our findings, we suggest specific measures for strengthening social resilience at the local level, including building community networks, developing community infrastructures, updating existing rules and regulations, providing alternative means of generating income for fishers during the crisis periods (e.g. natural disasters and fishing ban periods) and more active sharing of responsibility between stakeholders and government for management of the hilsa fishery. These findings are also applicable to understanding the issues beyond rules and regulations that co-management arrangements need to address in order to be successful and to enhancing the function of co-management arrangements in improving social resilience within resource-dependent communities.

scholarly journals Employing a Chatbot for News Dissemination during Crisis: Design, Implementation and Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora A. Maniou ◽  
Andreas Veglis
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
News Media ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Technical Effort

The use of chatbots in news media platforms, although relatively recent, offers many advantages to journalists and media professionals and, at the same time, facilitates users’ interaction with useful and timely information. This study shows the usability of a news chatbot during a crisis situation, employing the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. The basic targets of the research are to design and implement a chatbot in a news media platform with a two-fold aim in regard to evaluation: first, the technical effort of creating a functional and robust news chatbot in a crisis situation both from the AI perspective and interoperability with other platforms, which constitutes the novelty of the approach; and second, users’ perception regarding the appropriation of this news chatbot as an alternative means of accessing existing information during a crisis situation. The chatbot designed was evaluated in terms of effectively fulfilling the social responsibility function of crisis reporting, to deliver timely and accurate information on the COVID-19 pandemic to a wide audience. In this light, this study shows the advantages of implementing chatbots in news platforms during a crisis situation, when the audience’s needs for timely and accurate information rapidly increase.

scholarly journals TEORI PERTUKARAN SOSIAL TENTANG FENOMENA DAKWAH DI EKS LOKALISASI DADAPAN

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 292-314
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syahrul Ulum ◽  
Alfa Warda ◽  
Zuris Dwi Elina ◽  
Ilmi Sephia Ardiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to find out how the role of the preacher in bringing changes to the social conditions of the people who used to work in the Dadapan prostitution localization, Kediri City. Da'i plays an important role as a propagator of religion to protect the community. Thus, the relationship between the preacher and his community must be close regardless of the background or social conditions of the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method and is equipped with George Homans' social exchange theory, namely as an analytical tool to understand and seek clarity of cases so that researchers know more clearly about the phenomenon of da'wah in the ex-Dadapan localization community. The results of this study conclude that the da'wah process that occurs in Dadapan Village in social exchange theory explains that they are willing to interact when the interaction produces benefits for themselves. Therefore, in the dynamics of increasing religious understanding in the ex-Dadapan localization, it is necessary to have a reward given so that people want to interact in discussing religious studies.

Who Chooses School?

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-107
Author(s):  
Md Jahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Child Schooling ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government

Universally, research shows that early childhood education (ECE) contributes to children's development in the very early years. Governments among developed countries subsidize an ample amount of money for children's early education development to generate and enhance human capital. Consequently, in developing countries like Bangladesh, ECE is driven by the family, where family socio-economic conditions make a significant contribution to children's transition from home to school, and to ensure their children begin school at a very early age. This qualitative case study explores parental socio-economic aspirations and the phenomena of ECE initiatives by the government for child transitions from home to schools in Bangladesh. This empirical research contributes by placing parental aspirations for child schooling and focusing on the information-gathering actions by parents in line with the social conditions that inspire parents to choose schools for their children.

Returnee Entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ifeoluwa Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Transnational Entrepreneurship ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
Migration And Development

Migration and development have been linked in recent studies in which skilled migrants are assumed to display agency role and act as important bridges, helping to promote the transfer of knowledge and skills in their countries of origin. But, within the nexus of the migration and development literature, the contributions of returnee entrepreneurs have not been visible. Through the perspective of second-generation diaspora and transnational entrepreneurship, this paper analyzed the motivation of the second-generation entrepreneurs to invest in their ‘ancestral' country of origin. The hurdles they might face and the strategies they could employ to effectively navigate the unfamiliar terrains of their parents' country of origin are briefly evaluated through a literature review and a case study methodology. The intention is to contribute to the growing literature on the social and economic impacts of returnee entrepreneurs to their parents' country of origins' development.

New farming masculinities

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Coldwell
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Identity Constructions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Farming

Studies have suggested that traditional gender identity constructions of farmers tend to accompany conventional methods of farming and so are implicated in stalling the transition to sustainable agriculture. This article attempts to build on this work by exploring how young male farmers construct their masculine identities and how those identity constructions shape and are shaped by their farming practices and the social conditions in which those farming practices are carried out. Reflexivity is a significant part of this process. This exploratory study is based on focus group discussions conducted in one locality in Northern Victoria, among young male dairy farmers. Analysis of the findings supports the existence of a traditional-modern dualism in rural masculine identities. What is also evident is that more open and flexible masculine identities are emerging among young farmers, suggesting that existing tensions in agriculture situated at the nexus of alternative farming practices and traditional agrarian ideology might be a catalyst for change toward more equitable gender relations and sustainable ways of farming.

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