scholarly journals Comparative assessment of hazard of agricultural products contaminated by amid and triazol class fungicides consumption for children and adolescents of different age

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
P.V. Stavnichenko ◽  
А.М. Antonenko ◽  
M.M. Korshun ◽  
S.Т. Omelchuk ◽  
V.G. Bardov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Multiple Introduction ◽  
Grade 3

Annually more than 2 million tons of chemical plant protection products are introduced into the fields of the planet due to the need to preserve the crop. However, with multiple introduction of persistent pesticides, soil can become a source of pollution of crop production. The Purpose of our work was to predict the danger for children of all ages when consuming agricultural products contaminated with fungicides of the amides and triazoles classes. Materials and Methods. For an integrated assessment of the potential hazard on a four-graded scale, the allowable daily intake, the half-life in plants, and the average daily consumption of the product were estimated. When estimating the average daily consumption of products for children under the age of 18, the safety coefficients were used. Results. According to the persistence in agricultural cultures, fungicides cyflufenamide and difenoconazole were classified as hazard classes 3 (moderately stable). By the integral indicator of the danger when consuming pesticide-contaminated products for adults, difenoconazole is very dangerous (grade 4), cyflufenamide —moderately dangerous (grade 3). Conclusion. It has been established that for children, depending on their age, both studied active substances can be from extremely dangerous for infants and children of preschool age to a low or moderately dangerous for adolescents. Key Words: risk, pesticides, food products, children.

scholarly journals THE TECHNOLOGY OF CO-CULTURING OF POTATOES WITH HONEY PLANTS AND PROSPECTS OF ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Voiku
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The European Union

The right way out of the crisis of the agro-based industries is the maximum use of the opportunities of scientific and technological progress and the orientation of the real economy to innovative development. One of the promising technologies of crop production is an innovative technology in potato growing, which provides for the co-culturing of potatoes with honey crops. Phacelia tanacetifolia (PhaceliatanacetifoliaBenth) is selected as honey crop, which is a valuable green manure. It allows to reduce the need for organic and mineral fertilizers, increases the ecological cleanness of products, favors the growth of potato yield, provides the additional honey yield. Phacelia significantly improves the soil structure, displacing a significant part of weeds, providing natural loosening of the soil, protection from drying out, from pests and parasites. The co-culturing of potatoes with phacelia protects the environment from the use of dangerous plant protection products. If the economic effect is defined as the difference between the profits of innovative and traditional technologies, then, according to preliminary calculations, the level of profitability of innovative technology in potato growing is 1.9 times higher, and the profit from 1 ha is 1.6 times higher compared with the traditional technology. Large-scale development of the proposed technology is hampered by the lack of potato planters and seed planters, which provide planting of potatoes and sowing seeds of honey crops simultaneously, in the Russian market and the markets of the European Union. An innovative technology - mounted seeder for potato planters was developed by the staff members of the Pskov State University. The article describes the main agro-technological requirements to this device. A general model and a kinematic scheme were developed to visualize the combination of the working elements of the potato planter and the mounted seeder. The developed model falls into the type of seed planters, which is designed to sowing in drills the seeds of honey crops (phacelia) in the furrow between potatoes at the time of the forthcoming closing of this furrow by soil, and can be used in agricultural engineering. Potential consumers of the proposed innovative technology in potato growing and the developed mounted seeder are farm enterprises and agricultural production cooperatives, which have small plots of land, use crop rotation systems in potato growing, and work for reducing costs and increasing the yield of potato cultivation.

scholarly journals The main directions of use biological material to provide the efficiency of laboratory supply in agricultural products testing in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-471
Author(s):  
V. O. Ushkalov ◽  
O. Ju. Kepple
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Scientific Institutions

Ukraine has significant resource potential for the agrarian sector development and improving the efficiency of agricultural production. An effective mechanism for controlling agro-industrial products is monitoring of indicators of quality and safety not only of finished products but also of all components involved in its manufacturing (soil and water as the main resource for agricultural production, plant protection products, mineral and organic fertilizers, seeds of agricultural cultures, etc. We analyzed normative documents on the accreditation of laboratories and international recommendations concerning the rational use of standardized biological material in the testing activity. We conducted the analysis of the testing activity results of the Ukrainian laboratory of quality and safety of agricultural products (ULQSAP). So, the expediency of optimizing the functioning of biological material collections in scientific institutions substantiated. The conducted analysis testifies to expediency of creation the national bioresource center, which will unite informationally all the functioning collections of biological material in order to increase the efficiency of its innovative potential.

scholarly journals Forecastins the risk of bifenthrin-based insecticides for human health when consuming agricultural products grown after their application

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S.Т. Omelchuk ◽  
О.P. Vavrinevych ◽  
А.М. Antonenko ◽  
V.G. Bardov
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Integral Assessment

The assessment of the health risks of pesticides is an integral part of their monitoring. The Purpose of the Work was to predict the risk of bifenthrin-based insecticides for human health when consuming agricultural products grown in their application for the public health preservation. Materials and Methods of Research. The bifenthine stability parameters in agricultural crops were studied in the field experiments in soil and climatic conditions of Ukraine. For the integrated assessment of the potential hazard of pesticide exposure to the human body when contaminated agricultural products were used, a methodology developed by specialist of Hygiene and Ecology Institute was used. Allowable daily dose (ADD), half-life period (DT50) and average daily consumption of the product were estimated on a four-graded scale. Results and Discussion. By degree of hazard according to State Standards 8.8.1.002-98 bifenthrin pertains to the 2nd class of hazard (moderately stable) by resistance in vegetative agricultural crops. The active ingredient pertains to the 2nd class of hazard by the value of the integral index of hazard when consuming products — dangerous compound. Conclusion. Integral assessment of the potential risk of bifenthrin exposure to humans using contaminated agricultural products showed that the substance pertains to the 2nd class of hazard (dangerous compounds). The obtained parameter should be taken into account when deciding on bifenthrin-based formulations expansion of the scope.

scholarly journals Endophytic bacteria and plant immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Maksimov ◽  
M. Yu. Shein ◽  
R. M. Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Development Strategy

Diseases annually cause significant crop losses and reduced quality of agricultural products. The development strategy of new environmentally friendly plant protection products should consider the role of the microbiome in host defense.

ANALYSIS OF SUPP LY LOGISTICS OF PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL FARMS IN THE ARTIFICIAL FERTILIZERS

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pakuła ◽  
Beata Kuziemska ◽  
Marcin Becher ◽  
Aleksandra Kiepuszewska
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Cultivation ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizers

The aim of the work was to assess the supplying process of production means in private farms with diversified area and profile production (mixed production – cattle breeding and cereal cultivation, and one-way production – cereal cultivation). Mineral fertilizers were bought by all surveyed farmers, the most – NPK fertilizers, the least – phosphatic fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers and plant protection products were bought most often twice a year and stored up to 7 days (mainly larger farms, regardless of the production profile). Lime fertilizers were purchased most often once a year, especially farms specialized in crop production.

scholarly journals Methods and Tools for Designing a Multi-Service Platform for Agricultural Enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1660-1667
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise

The paper dwells on the problems of developing an internet platform for support of decision-making and production management for an agricultural enterprise. The described system is an open environment which is capable of integrating third-party services with the application-programming interface (API), each service being an autonomous software component (agent) with its own criteria and target. Thus, planning is done through continuous interaction of agents within the multi-service platform, using the knowledge base for storing various data on crops, such as conditions of crop growing, characteristics and peculiarities of crop production, pests, plant diseases, soil types and their specific features, technological processes (maps) for crop growing, application of fertilizers and plant protection products, crop production economy, classes of agricultural machines and equipment. Thus, the result of scheduling is the work plan for a given time horizon. On top of that, the paper describes the first prototypes of smart services and their interaction, as well as the next steps for future research.

scholarly journals Dietary Metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn) Exposure and Associated Health Risks in Baia Mare Area, Northwestern Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 580-592
Author(s):  
Mirela Miclean ◽  
Oana Cadar
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Target Hazard Quotients

This study estimated the non-carcinogenic health risk of Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn via dietary intake in the urban and rural areas of Baia Mare city, northwestern Romania, a former mining area. A total of 230 food items grouped in ten food categories (meat and animal organs, meat-derived products, animal fat, eggs, dairy, bread, corn flour, potato, vegetables, fruits) and 32 water samples were collected and analyzed for Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn using atomic absorption spectrometric method. The human health risk assessment through dietary exposure was evaluated by calculating the estimated daily intake of metals, the Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) and the Total Target Hazard Quotients (TTHQ) for normal daily consumption in adults. The average daily intakes of Pb, Cd and Zn were higher than the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) reference value for urban and rural residents, which showed that there was a potentially high risk of ingestion of food and water. The average daily intake of Cu with food and drinking water was lower than the corresponding TDI value, which indicated that Cu intake was not a potential hazard to the health of residents in the study areas. The individual target hazard quotients, calculated for food consumption in urban area decreased in the following order: Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn, and in rural area: Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn, having values higher than 1 for Pb and Cd in the rural area and approximately equal to 1 for Cd (urban) and Cu (rural), indicating non-carcinogenic adverse health effects. The TTHQs for the two areas (urban and rural) were 2.934 and 5.164, respectively, established cumulative adverse effects of metals. The results showed that vegetables, potato and bread were the main sources of metal intake from foodstuff for adults, but fruit, water and meat were secondary contributors.

Organizational and Economic Aspects of Increasing the Efficiency of Agricultural Production Based on Precision Farming Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
V. Neyfel'd ◽  
M. Kadomceva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
State Management ◽  
Level Of Use

The article shows various aspects of increasing the efficiency of production of products of the plant growing sub-sector based on the introduction of precision farming technologies. An economic model for determining the potential for the introduction of precise technologies is presented, including the analysis of variable factors of production and the determination of the marginal product of labor in crop production, taking into account the acreage, yield, variable and fixed costs, the level of fertilization, plant protection products, profit and other factors. A significant regional differentiation in the level of use of precision farming technologies is revealed. The key factors that determine regional differentiation in the size of areas where elements of precision farming are used and the level of use of digitalization means in agricultural production have been identified. On the example of the Saratov region, the economic efficiency of the introduction of a precision farming system, including systems of parallel driving, differentiated sowing, differentiated fertilization, and harvesting logistics, has been proved. The directions of improving the system of state management of crop production using precision farming technologies based on the geographic information system of the region, including natural and cost indicators of crop production, distributed by geographic coordinates and aggregated with databases of commodity producers and cadastral land registration, have been developed.

scholarly journals Blunting EU Regulation 1107/2009: following a regulation into a system of agricultural innovation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Payne-Gifford ◽  
C. S. Srinivasan ◽  
Peter Dorward
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
System Response ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
Electronic Survey

AbstractThis paper explores the role of regulation and legislation on influencing the development and diffusion of technologies and methods of crop production. To do this, the change in pesticide registration under European Regulation 1107/2009 ‘Placing Plant Protection Products on the Market’ was followed through the UK’s agricultural system of innovation. Fieldwork included: a series of interviews conducted with scientists, agronomists and industry organisations; a programme of visiting agricultural events; as well as sending an electronic survey to British potato growers. The innovation system is noted to have made the legislation less restrictive than originally proposed. The most notable system response to the legislation is the adjustment of agrochemical company pesticide discovery strategy and their expansion into biologically derived treatments. There have also been other innovation responses: agricultural seed companies have been breeding in pathogen resistance in their cultivars; agricultural consultancies are prepared to recommend pathogen-resistant seeds; scientists are using the change as justification for adopting their solutions; the agricultural levy boards funded research into off-label pesticide uses; and producers, potato growers in particular, have been seeking advice, but not changing their growing practices.

LEGAL CONDITIONS OF ORGANIC FARMING IN POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (4) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
Anna Olkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
The World

Agriculture is one of the basic human activities. This activity, however, also had a negative impact on the environment. For decades, organic farming, understood as a system of management of sustainable crop production and livestock within the farm, has been developing. Constantly increases both the number of organic producers and the area of organic farming. Organic agriculture is currently supported with success through the development of the law in this area, both on the world market, European and Polish. Thanks to regulations gradually entered into force a consumer acquiring products referred to as organic is convinced that they are free from contamination, such as residues of plant protection products and hormones, and when their production not used chemical fertilizers and genetically modified organisms.

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