scholarly journals Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
MR Alam ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
KR Sumi ◽  
MM Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Pond Sediment ◽  
Grass Growth ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Pangasius pond sediment on the nutrient uptake by para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) during the period from March to October, 2011 in a Pangasius farm, Dhanikhola, Trishal, Mymensingh. Initially soil chemistry of Pangasius pond sediment and para-grass producing virgin soil was analyzed at the laboratory. The fodder was cultivated at various level of inorganic fertilizer with Pangasius pond sediment having three replications in each treatment. The size of each replication was 25 m2 (5m×5m). The fodder was harvested at the pre-flowering stage (45 days after transplantation). After first cutting, experimental plot was irrigated, and again after 45 days of first cutting second cutting was done. After proper collection and preparation the para-grass samples and rice straw, their proximate composition analysis was done. The nutrient content of para-grass was also compared with rice-straw being used as dairy feed. The analytical results indicated that the nutrients content of Pangasius pond sediment was higher than the virgin soil which was the stimulating factor for para-grass growth and production. The basic nutrients such as crude lipid and protein content of para-grass were found increasing from first to second sampling. However, crude lipid and protein of para-grass at second sampling was found much higher than those of rice straw. Application of Pangasius pond sediment as alternative source of fertilizer enriched nutrient content of para-grass much higher than those of rice straw. Therefore, it could be argued that higher level of lipid and protein content of para-grass is the stimulating factor to dairy cattle production under integrated aquaculture–fodder grass production using Pangasius pond sediment.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44(2): 113-119

scholarly journals A Survey of the Nutrient Composition of Some Commercial Fish Feeds Available in Bangladesh

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. KADER ◽  
M.A. HOSSAIN ◽  
M.R. HASAN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Lower Protein

A study was undertaken to analyse and compare the nutrient content of some commercial fish feeds available in Bangladesh through chemical analysis. The commercial fish feeds collected from the markets were Quality Feeds Ltd. (QF), Aftab Feed Products Ltd. (AF), Saudi-Bangla Fish Feed Ltd. (SBF), Paragon Feeds Ltd. (PF) and AIT Feeds Ltd. (AIT). Proximate composition such as moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, ash, fibre and NFE (nitrogen free extract), and some of the macro minerals such as Ca, P, Na, K and S were analysed. In general, there was no large variation between analysed and company declared nutrient contents of different feeds except the protein and lipid content of some feeds. However, two pangas feeds such as Surovi (nursery and grower) of QF had much lower protein content (27.57% and 20.24%) compared to 32% and 25% protein value respectively declared by the company. Similarly, large (more than 5%) differences between the analysed and company declared protein content was observed in case of carp starter and grower feeds of QF. On the other hand, analysed protein content of all feeds of SBF was more than that declared by the company except for special shrimp feed which had slightly lower (1%) protein compared to the company declared value. Pangas feeds (grower I and II) of PF had about 3% lower protein than the company declared value. The analysed lipid contents of all feeds were higher than the company declared values except nursery feeds of QF which had about 1-2% less lipid content compared to the company declared value. Fibre contents of different feeds analysed were much higher (3-5%) than the company declared values. The analysed mineral contents in all the feeds were higher than the recommended mineral requirement for fishes. The results of the study showed that on the basis of nutrient content feeds from Saudi-Bangla Fish Feed Ltd. is better than other feeds.

scholarly journals Effect of different treatment on the proximate and antinutritional content of Nigerian cashew apple residue

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Faith Iguodala Akinnibosun ◽  
Adedayo Michael Oyetayo
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Cashew Apple ◽  
Phytate Content

Abstract In this study, cashew apple residue (CAR) was subjected to various treatments (boiling, soaking and fermentation), thereafter, proximate composition and anti-nutrient content were determined. Fermentation significantly (p < 0.05) increased the protein content of the CAR by 56.07% and reduced the carbohydrate content to 42.49%. Moreover, soaking and fermentation significantly reduced phytate content of the CAR from 0.4123% to 0.2504% and 0.1106% respectively; all the treatments significantly reduced the oxalate content while boiling and soaking had a significant reducing effect on the tannin content of the CAR. These suggest that pre-treated cashew apple residue may be used for animal feed formulation.

scholarly journals Effects of urban atmospheric particulate matter on higher plants using Lycopersicon esculentum as model species

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Hubai ◽  
Nora Kováts ◽  
Gábor Teke
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Experiment

AbstractAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major environmental concerns in Europe. A wide range of studies has proved the ecotoxic potential of atmospheric particles. PM exerts chemical stress on vegetation by its potentially toxic constituents; however, relatively few studies are available on assessing phytotoxic effects under laboratory conditions. In our study, aqueous extract of particulate matter was prepared and used for treatment. Experiment was following the procedure defined by the No. 227 OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Terrestrial Plant Test. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were used; elucidated toxicity was assessed based on morphological and biochemical endpoints such as biomass, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, and protein content. Biomass reduction and protein content showed a clear dose–effect relationship; the biomass decreased in comparison with the control (100%) in all test groups (TG) at a steady rate (TG1: 87.73%; TG2: 71.77%; TG3: 67.01%; TG4: 63.63%). The tendency in protein concentrations compared to the control was TG1: 113.61%; TG2: 148.21% TG3: 160.52%; TG4: 157.31%. However, pigments showed a ‘Janus-faced’ effect: nutrient content of the sample caused slight increase at lower doses; actual toxicity became apparent only at higher doses (chlorophyll-a concentration decrease was 84.47% in TG4, chlorophyll-b was 77.17%, and finally, carotene showed 83.60% decrease in TG4).

Proximate composition of male and female African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zilli) in Jega river, Kebbi state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
W. M. Namaga ◽  
B. Yahaya ◽  
M. A. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Juvenile Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish is highly nutritious, tasty, and easily digestible. It is much sought after by a broad cross-section of the world’s population, particularly in developing countries as it provides the cheapest protein source. Nigeria is blessed with numerous inland freshwater rivers and lakes scattered all over the country. This freshwater habitat consists of many species of fish that have successfully dominated all niches over time and have for many reasons remained unstudied. The situation concealed a lot of scientific information particularly on food security and safety to the inmates and the country at large. Jega River which transcended many States in the North-Western part of Nigeria to open into the river Niger is one of such rivers largely uncared for, study-wise. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) have been wisely selected for the present proximate composition studies. The juveniles of these fishes were purchased from local fishermen in Mariner Waje landing site of the river which flows by Jega town, a local government area in Kebbi State, Nigeria. For the study, the methodology approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) was used to determine the proximate composition of the fishes. The highest percentage crude protein content of 49.18 ± 0.30% was observed in juvenile female C. gariepinus; while the lowest protein content of 39.22± 0.50% was observed in juvenile male T. zilli. The highest percentage lipid content of 11.75± 1.50% was observed in juvenile female tilapia; while the lowest percentage lipid content of 6.25± 0.29% was observed in male African catfish. The highest percentage fibre content of 4.00 ± 0.29% was observed in male and female C. gariepinus, while the lowest percentage fibre content of 0.75± 0.29% was observed in male tilapia. There were variations (p< 0.05) when the protein and lipid contents of both the species were compared with each other. There was also a significant difference (p< 0.05) when the carbohydrate contents were compared between the fish species, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) when the fibre content was compared within the species. The analyses showed that both the male and female fish species studied had high protein contents.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Proximate Composition of Aromatic Rice as Influenced by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Md. Jafrul Islam SUMON ◽  
Tuhin Suvra ROY ◽  
Md. Nazmul HAQUE ◽  
Salma AHMED ◽  
Kanika MONDAL
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve crop productivity and sustain soil health and fertility. To gain insights into the response of green manure and chemical fertilizer, the present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and proximate composition of aromatic rice varieties in Aman season at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July to December 2014. The experiment was set up in split-plot design with three aromatic rice varieties in main plots and six fertilizer levels in subplots. ‘Raniselute’ variety produced the highest plant height, dry matter weight hill-1, straw yield (7.81 t ha-1), biological yield (9.05 t ha-1), ash (1.59%), and fat content (2.81%). ‘BRRI dhan34’ gave the maximum number of effective tillers hill-1 (12.74), panicle length (27.93 cm), number of filled grains panicle-1 (192.5), 1,000-grain weight (17.22 g), grain yield (2.26 t ha-1), harvest index (29.99%), and carbohydrate content (77.63%). Application of 80% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 3.5 t ha-1 showed better performance for getting the maximum growth, yield components and yield compared to other treatments. Recommended doses of NPKSZn showed the highest carbohydrate content (77.63%) and lowest moisture (8.75%) and ash content (1.29%). The maximum fat content (3.07%) and minimum carbohydrate content (76.53%) was obtained from 60% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 7 t ha-1. Application of 20 and 40% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 14 and 10.5 t ha-1 produced the highest moisture content (10.43%) and lowest protein content (8.26%) in rice grain. Green manure 17.5 t ha-1 produced the highest ash (1.79%), protein content (9.06%) and lowest fat content (2.51%).

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Methods on Proximate Composition and Dieting of TwoAmaranthusSpecies from West Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Landry Suffo Kamela ◽  
Raymond Simplice Mouokeu ◽  
Rawson Ashish ◽  
Ghislain Maffo Tazoho ◽  
Lamye Glory Moh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Reference Protein ◽  
Protein Free Diet

The effects of various processing methods on the proximate composition and dieting ofAmaranthus hybridusandAmaranthus cruentusfrom West Cameroon were investigated in this study. Both amaranths leaves were subjected to same treatments (sun-dried and unsliced, sliced and cooked), milled, and analysed for their mineral and proximate composition. Thirty-SixWistaralbino rats of 21 to 24 days old were distributed in six groups and fed for 14 days with 10% protein based diets named D0 (protein-free diet), DI (egg white as reference protein), DII (sun-dried and unslicedA. hybridus), DIII (cooked and slicedA. hybridus), DIV (sun-dried and unslicedA. cruentus), and DV (cooked and slicedA. cruentus). The protein bioavailability and haematological and biochemical parameters were assessed in rats. The results showed that K, P, Mg, Zn, and Fe had the higher content in both samples regardless of processing method. The sun-dried and unslicedA. cruentuscontained the highest value of crude protein 32.22 g/100 g DM (dry matter) while the highest crude lipid, 3.80 and 2.58%, was observed, respectively, in sun-dried and unslicedA. hybridusand cooked and slicedA. cruentus. Cooked and slicedA. hybridusandA. cruentuscontained high crude fiber of 14 and 12.18%, respectively. Rats fed with diet DIII revealed the best protein bioavailability and haematological parameters whereas 100% mortality rate was recorded with group fed with diet DIV. From this study, it is evident that cooked and slicedA. hybridusandA. cruentuscould play a role in weight reduction regimes.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SOME PROCESSING METHODS ON NUTRIENT CONTENT AND ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF A VARIETY OF DOLICHOS LABLAB (LABLAB PURPUREUS L.) BEANS GROWN IN KENYA

10.37512/500 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Dolichos Lablab ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitory Activity

This study aimed to determine the effect of different processing methods on the proximate composition and anti-nutritional factors of Dolichos lablab beans (Lablab purpureus) of Kenya. The seeds of KAT/DL-2 variety,sourced from Kenya Agricultural Livestock and Research Organisation, Katumani Dryland Research Station were sorted, then subjected to different processing methods (soaking, cooking and germination). The samples were analysed for proximate composition, tannins, phytates and trypsin inhibitory activity. The results showed a significant increase (2.0%) in crude protein content for germinated lablab beans while carbohydrates content was high in cooked samples. The variety KAT/DL-2 had high levels of phytates; 723.6 mg/100g and tannins 330.3mg/100g and trypsin inhibitor activity 1.3mg/100g. Cooking achieved the highest reduction of anti-nutrients with 88% reduction in TIU. The results revealed that the anti-nutrients in lablab beans can be reduced using different methods of processing. However, there is need to investigate the effect of combined methods on the nutrients and anti-nutrients.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG GAPLEK DENGAN KONSENTRASI YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP MUTU SILASE CAIR DARI KEPALA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Suriani Suriani ◽  
Asnani Asnani ◽  
Kobajashi Togo Isamu
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Shrimp Head ◽  
Range Test

Effect of Acquisition of Cassava Flour With Differentcontributions to The Quality of Liquid Silage From The Heads of Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) ABSTRACT         Silage is a liquid product from the process of fermentation of grass, fish or waste that is used as a mixture of feed. Generally, silage is made from fish or fish waste. Fish silage is a liquid product made from the remnants of processed fishery products that are not utilized by humans without any other treatment except by acid or by bacterial inoculation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of cassava flour on sensory values (color and aroma) and proximate composition (water content, ash content, protein content, and pH) on the liquid silage of shrimp head. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with a ratio of cassava flour and shrimp heads respectively: 10: 90% (P1), 20: 80% (P2), 30: 70% (P3) and 40: 60% (P4) and repeated three times. Data from observations were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) tests, each at a 95% confidence level. The results obtained indicate that the use of cassava flour has a significant influence on the sensory value which includes the color and aroma of liquid shrimp silage. The P1 treatment showed a brownish-orange color and a typical silage aroma/odor without additional odor. Proximate composition of silage includes: water content 74.2% -82.6%, ash content 1.9% -3.2%, protein content 7.4% -11.9% and pH ranges from 4.3-5.4. Keywords: Silage, Vaname shrimp head (Litopenaeus vannamei), cassava flour, Sensory Test, Proximate Composition. ABSTRAKSilase merupakan produk cair hasil proses fermentasi rerumputan, ikan ataupun limbahnya yang digunakan sebagai campuran pakan. Umumnya silase terbuat dari ikan atau limbah ikan. Silase ikan adalah suatu produk cair yang dibuat dari sisa-sisa olahan hasil perikanan yang tidak dimanfaatkan oleh manusia tanpa perlakuan lain kecuali dengan asam atau dengan inokulasi bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  pengaruh penggunaan tepung gaplek terhadap nilai sensori (warna dan aroma) dan komposisi proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan pH) pada silase cair kepala udang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dengan perbandingan tepung gaplek dan kepala udang berturut-turut: 10:90% (P1), 20:80% (P2), 30:70% (P3) dan 40:60% (P4) dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) masing-masing pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung gaplek memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap nilai sensori yang meliputi warna dan aroma silase cair kepala udang. Perlakuan P1 menunjukkkan warna jingga kecoklatan dan aroma/bau asam khas silase tanpa bau tambahan. Komposisi proksimat silase meliputi: kadar air 74,2%-82,6%, kadar abu 1,9%-3,2%, kadar protein 7,4%-11,9% dan pH berkisar 4,3-5,4.Kata kunci: Silase, Kepala udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei), Tepung gaplek, Uji Sensori dan Komposisi Proksimat

scholarly journals Proximate Analysis of Kijing Taiwan Carcass (Anodonta woodiana) in Wet and Dry Forms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurrahmi I Saiful ◽  
Cyska Lumenta
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Anodonta Woodiana

Field practice activities conducted in laboratory incluiding the process of carcass removal from its shells was done in the Laboratory of Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology, and also analysis of Kijing Taiwan carcass chemical composition was done in the Research and Industrial Standardization Institute of Manado. The purpose of field practice are: Analyzing the Proximate composition, Vitamin C, Calcium, and Energy of Kijing Taiwan carcass taiwan in wet and dry form. Providing scientific information about the nutrient content of Kijing Taiwan in wet and dry form. Acquire skills in operating the Proximate instruments of Vitamin C, Calcium, and Energy in the laboratory. Based on the results of the Kijing Taiwan (Anodonta woodiana) carcass proximate analysis  in wet form, the data showed, 11.59% of protein, 80.66% of water, 0.26% of fat, 3.06% of ash, 0.23% of crude fiber, 4.20% of carbohydrate, 65.5 kcal of energy, 0.59% of calcium, 3.86 mg/100 g of Vitamin C. While the dry form of the data showed, 54.84% of protein, 12.18% of water, 4.08% of fat, 14.92% of ash, 0.53% of crude fiber, 13.45% of carbohydrates, 309.88 kcal of energy, 0.55% of calcium, 14.88% of vitamin C mg/100 g. Keywords: Carcass,  Anodonta woodiana, proximate analysis, vitamin C, calcium, and energy

scholarly journals Penambahan Molases Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Amoniasi Jerami Padi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Produk Fermentasi Rumen Secara In-Vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bata ◽  
Nur Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Orthogonal Polynomial ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Variance Analysis

Supplementation of molasses to improve the quality of rice straw ammonization and its effect on fermentation product in-vitroABSTRACT. Aimed of this research was to find out the optimal level of molasses addition at straw rice ammonization process to N-NH3 production, VFA and microbe protein synthesis. Material used was rumen fluid of fistula cattle, rice straw, water, urea and molasses. Treatment tried was level of molasses addition 0%, 15% and 30% on rice straw which given urea. Research was carried out by experimental method as in vitro, was conducted use completely randomized design. Variable measured were N-NH3, VFA and microbe protein synthesis. Intake data entered in data tabulation and analyzed variance then continued by orthogonal polynomial test. Research result after ammonization indicated that acidity level and concentration of released NH3 decrease parallel with addition of molasses level, and also increase the nutrient content which was crude protein increase and crude fiber decrease. Variance analysis and Test of orthogonal polynomial result indicated that treatment of molasses addition have highly significant effect (P0.01) and linier respond to concentration of released NH3 after ammonization. Research result as in vitro indicated concentration N-NH3 and VFA total decrease while microbe protein synthesis increase. Variance analysis result indicated that molasses addition treatment at straw rice ammonization process have highly significant (P 0.01) on concentration of N-NH3, VFA total and Microbe Protein Synthesis. Test of orthogonal polynomial for molasses addition at straw rice ammonization process indicated linier respond on concentration of NH3 N-NH3 and VFA total, but microbe protein synthesis quadratic had respond (P 0,01) white regression equation Y= 52.187-1.089222X + 0.11X2 (r2) 87.27 and (r) 0.9341. Research result could conclude that molasses addition up to level 30% able to improve quality of straw rice ammonization process by NH3 fixation so that increase nutrient ingredient, decrease NH3 that lost to atmosphere, improve utilization of N-NH3 and VFA and also increase microbe protein synthesis.

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