scholarly journals Phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of Salvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-854
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahdi Tabei ◽  
Ardalan Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

The essential oil of Salvia nemorosa L. was analyzed by GC-MS. The major constituents of the oil were E-caryophyllene (26.37%), phytol (16.92%), germacrene-D (15.34%), sabinene (12.86%), caryophyllene oxide (6.33%), bicyclogermacrene (4.71%) and n-tetradecane (2.45%). The total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts were determined with the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and by the 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans using disc diffusion and serial dilution methods. The oil showed good antimicrobial activity against four medically important pathogens.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antioxidant Potential of Methanolic Extracts from Acorus calamus L., Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, Lemna minuta Kunth and Scenedesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Kützing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4745
Author(s):  
Toncho Dinev ◽  
Milena Tzanova ◽  
Katya Velichkova ◽  
Diyana Dermendzhieva ◽  
Georgi Beev
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Scenedesmus Dimorphus

Plant extracts are an important alternative to antibiotics, which are ever more restricted because of their developing microbial resistance and some adverse effects that have been observed following frequent application. The aim of the present study was to determine the antifungal and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of Acorus calamus, Chlorella vulgaris, Lemna minuta and Scenedesmus dimorphus. The antifungal activity of the extracts against strains of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus carbonarius, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Alternaria alternata was evaluated via the agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured through the determination of three parameters—total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and radical scavenging potential (determined through UV/Vis analysis). A. calamus extracts had the highest antimicrobial activity against eight fungal strains, followed by the C. vulgaris, L. minuta and S. dimorphus extracts, which were inhibitory against two to three strains. Among the extracts from the species studied, the extract from S. dimorphus showed the highest antioxidant potential, as determined via the DPPH (1,1’-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil-radical) method. This correlated to its high total phenolic and flavonoid content. From A. calamus and L. minuta, methanolic extracts were obtained that exhibited similar values of the aforementioned parameters, followed by C. vulgaris extracts, which showed the lowest antioxidant activity. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficients, the impacts of the total phenolic content and the total flavonoid content on radical scavenging capacity are similar, and flavonoids were a significant part of the total phenolic compounds extracted from the plant materials studied.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Sideritis niveotomentosa: Endemic Wild Species of Turkey

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2420
Author(s):  
Ela Nur Şimşek Şimşek Sezer ◽  
Tuna Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Sideritis niveotomentosa Hub. -Mor. is a local endemic species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, GC/MS analysis, total antioxidant capacity and anticancer effects of different extracts obtained from S. niveotomentosa were investigated comparatively. Total phenolic contents of extracts were determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid contents by aluminum chloride method, and also the free radical scavenging activities of the extracts by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was studied via MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay on DLD1, HL60 and ARH77 cell lines. Pro-apoptotic gene expression levels were also tested in the most sensitive cell line ARH77 by Real-Time PCR. The expression levels of 4 pro-apoptotic genes, APAF, BAX, CASP3, and HRK were found to be upregulated in ARH77 cells that were treated extracts. Results showed that methanolic extracts contain more phenolic content than acetone extracts, consistent with DPPH results. As a result, Sideritis niveotomentosa extracts, especially methanolic extracts, are rich in phenolic content and have a strong radical scavenging effect. In addition, the extracts showed selective effects on cell lines. This study is pioneering in terms of future studies, and the findings provide hope for future experimentation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Total Phenolic Content of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Yit Leng ◽  
Nuramira binti Nadzri ◽  
Khor Chu Yee ◽  
Norawanis binti Abdul Razak ◽  
Abdul Razak Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

This work aims to determine antioxidant, total phenolic content and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of breadfruit leaves which are essential in management of diabetes. The methanolic extracts of breadfruit leaves was used to analyze for total phenolic content and antioxidant. Total phenolic content of the extracts was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay while the antioxidant activity of plant extracts was measured by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryhyradrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. FTIR analysis was used to determine the chemical components in the leaves. Total phenolic content in fresh breadfruit leaves (144.16 mg/g ± 17.98) was comparable to those of green tea. The results showed the breadfruit leaves extracts exhibited potent antioxidant activity. The presence of OH group also suggests antioxidant capacity of breadfruit leaves to deactivate free radicals as glucose itself could react with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron and copper ions to form hydroxyl radical.

Total Phenolic Content and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Young Turmeric Grown in Southern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Suriyan Sukati ◽  
Warachate Khobjai
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Southern Thailand

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a member of Zingiberacaeae, is used for Thai traditional medicine, flavoring, preservative, and coloring agent. In Southern Thailand, turmeric is a famous ingredient for food recipes. Not only is the ripened rhizome used for cuisine, but also the young rhizomes. Previous studies have indicated that a variety of turmeric products from the ripened rhizome are valuable source of antioxidant compounds. However, there are ambiguous data regarding the level of antioxidant activity of the young rhizome. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the young rhizomes by comparing to the ripened rhizome. TPC and antioxidant activity of aqueous and 80% methanolic extracts from the young turmeric grown in Southern Thailand were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) assay, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of TPC determined in methanolic extract (19.80±0.25 mg GAE/ g extract) from the young rhizome was significantly higher than the corresponding aqueous extract (18.38±0.41 mg GAE/ g extract). The aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited significant inhibition in DPPH-RSA with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.88±0.70 mg/mL and 3.00±0.31 mg/mL, respectively. However, in comparison with the ripened rhizome, TPC and DPPH-RSA of the young rhizome were lower. These results indicate that the young rhizome grown in Southern Thailand could be a source of antioxidant compounds, but the ripened rhizome provides better antioxidant properties than the young rhizome.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF TERMINALIA BELLERICA ROXB (BAHEDA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Rasna Gupta ◽  
Ram Lakhan Singh ◽  
Neeraja Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Terminalia Bellerica ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Terminalia bellerica fruit pulp (TBFP), seed (TBS) and bark (TBB), and identification of phytochemical constituents of said extracts.Methods: The antioxidant potential of T. bellerica (TB) parts was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SARSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and compared with reference standard quercetin. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), ferric thiocyanate activity (FTC) and reducing power (RP) of the plant extracts were also examined. The phytochemical constituents of said extracts have been quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) method.Results: Ethanolic extract of TBFP exhibited high phenolic content (254.33) followed by TBS (227.33) and TBB (185) mg/g of GAE. TBFP showed lowest IC50 for FRSA (62 µg/ml), SARSA (39 µg/ml) and HRSA (27 µg/ml) and highest RP (3.39 ascorbic acid equivalents/ml). TBB showed lowest IC50 for LPO (48 µg/ml) whereas TBS showed lowest IC50 for FTC (109 µg/ml). Predominant phyto-compounds present in TB extracts were quinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl galate, 9, 12 octadecadienoic acid and glucopyranose in varying concentrations as analyzed by GC-MS.Conclusion: On the basis of correlation of antioxidant studies with total phenolic content (TPC) and GC-MS analysis of different part of TB, it may be concluded that high concentration of total phenolics and other bioactive phytochemicals of TB extracts make it a potential source of nutraceutical antioxidants.

scholarly journals Tetrapleura tetraptera of Ghanaian Origin: Phytochemistry, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Plant Parts

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
Christopher Larbie ◽  
Felix Charles Mills- Robertson ◽  
Emmanuel Bright Quaicoe ◽  
Rita Opoku ◽  
Naomi Chounbayor Kabiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Introduction: The role of medicinal plants in meeting the healthcare needs of the populace, particularly in developing countries cannot be overemphasized. They provide holistic treatment and wellbeing due to a plethora of phytochemicals found in them. Among such is Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum. & Thonn.) Taub., a multipurpose tree plant with varied biological activities. The current study was aimed at assessing the basic phytochemical constituents, free radical scavenging activity as well as the antimicrobial effect on various solvent extracts of leaves, fruit and stem bark of T. tetraptera of Ghanaian origin. Materials and Methods: Aqueous, 50% hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts were made from the leaves, fruits, and stem bark of T. tetraptera. They were assessed for the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, antimicrobial activity as well as the spectroscopic properties (Ultraviolet – visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy). Compounds in the methanolic extracts were evaluated using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: Tannins, reducing sugars, coumarins and flavonoids were present in all extracts while hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts were rich in phenols, tannins and flavonoids, especially for the stem bark. Leaf extracts had better antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusion: Generally, leaves and stem bark extracts of T. tetraptera are rich in biologically active phytochemicals, supporting their use in ethnomedicine and could be exploited further for other biological activities.

scholarly journals Quantification of Bioactive Compounds and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Carissa edulis Valh (Apocynaceae) Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Adeline Fanta Yadang ◽  
Germain Taiwe Sotoing ◽  
Katoucha Sidoine Ngatcha Zouakeu ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan Khan ◽  
Gabriel Agbor Agbor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Carissa edulis is a plant used in the management of oxidative stress and inflammatory related disorders such as malaria, rheumatism inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. The present study evaluates the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP), and the bioactive compounds present in the various extracts of C. edulis (HEC, MEC, AEC, and PC). An HPLC analysis determined the different compounds present in the extracts. High concentration of total phenolic content was observed in aqueous and methanolic extracts more than in the hydroethanolic extract though not significantly different. Flavonoids were higher in the hydroethanolic and methanolic extracts, respectively, with 14.84 mg RE/g extract and 12.02 mg RE/g extract. Tannins were also found in large amounts in the same two extracts with 26.76 mg TAE/g extract and 34.67 mg TEE/g extract. The percentage radical scavenging activity DPPH ranged between 58.63% and 94.67% for aqueous extract and for ABTS between 51.39% and 94.12% for the methanolic extract. The highest FRAP was obtained in the methanolic extract (6.73 g AAE/100 g extract). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of quercetin, rutin, and gallic acid in the different extracts. C. edulis represents a potential source of bioactive components with antioxidant capacity.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and in Vitro Biological Activities of Dryopteris marginalis L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Zahidul Islam ◽  
M. Shahinuzzaman ◽  
Raşit Fikret Yilmaz ◽  
Md. Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Yavuz Derin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Dryopteris marginalis L. is a local plant in Bangladesh which is widely used as folk medicine. In this study, the chemical composition of essential oil of D. marginalis L. as well as the antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and total phenolic content of various organic extracts were analyzed. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the chemical compositions. The antibacterial activity of different extracts of Dryopteris marginalis was examined against three gram-negative bacteria and two gram-positive bacteria. The antibacterial activity of different extracts was investigated using disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration showing important antibacterial activity and was measured by using broth dilution method. The antioxidant activity was determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and superoxide radical scavenging assay. The total phenolic portion of the extracts were ascertained by Folin-Ciocalteu in alkaline medium. Twenty-two volatile compounds were identified from the essential oil. The methanol extract exhibited significant inhibitory effect which was close to the value of standard antibiotic (Streptomycin). The zones of inhibition of different organic extracts against the tested bacteria were found in the range of (7-15) mm and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were recorded (15.62-1000) µg/ml. The antioxidant activity of D. marginalis was (82.13+1.2) % and (59.21+0.45) % highest activity with DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assay respectively. The methanol extract showed highest (147.43+3.1) mg/g GAE of total phenolic content. The extracts and essential oil of D. marginalis showing strong antibacterial activity can be considered as a potential source of natural medicine and the ingredient of modern therapeutic agents.

Formulation, Characterization and Antimicrobial efficacy of Aegle marmelos Essential oil nanogel

2021 ◽  
pp. 3662-3668
Author(s):  
Riham Omar Bakr ◽  
Soumaya Saad Zaghloul ◽  
Reham Ibrahim Amer ◽  
Dalia Abd Elaty Mostafa ◽  
Mahitab Helmy El Bishbishy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Esi Ms

Objective: Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa has been widely used in Indian traditional medicine and has many reported pharmacological activities. The aim of this research was to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of Aegle oil (AO) that enhanced the beneficial antimicrobial activity of the oil. Methods: The chemical composition of Aegle leaf essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. Additionally, a phytochemical study of A. marmelos methanolic leaf extract was conducted using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay for determination of total phenolic content as well as ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS-MS) analyses for identification of individual components. Six formulations of AO-loaded SLNs (AO-SLNs) were prepared by a double emulsification method. The particle size, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersibility index (PDI) and drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the SLNs were determined. The morphology of the SLNs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial activity of AO and AO-SLNs was assessed using disc diffusion method. Results: Thirty-two compounds were identified in the Aegle oil, of which Δ-carene and α-phellandrene were the most abundant (48.14% and 34.14%, respectively). The estimated total phenolic content was 968mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, while UPLC-ESI-MS-MS led to the tentative characterization of thirteen metabolites. The SLNs showed ZP, PDI and EE 125 ± 0.22nm, –37.85, 0.282, and 92%, respectively. AO and AO-SLNs showed significant antimicrobial activity, and the SLNs could sustain the release of AO from their gel vehicles. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence for the application of AO-SLNs in topical and transdermal delivery systems.

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