Study of serum non-HDL cholesterol in cerebrovascular disease

Background: Non-HDL cholesterol is a potential newer risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Objective: To explore the association of non-HDL cholesterol with cerebrovascular disease. Methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka during the period of January to December 2007 to evaluate the association of non-HDL cholesterol with CVD in Bangladeshi population. A total number of 135 subjects of both sexes were grouped as Group-I (CVD cases) and Group-II (Healthy controls). Group-I include 85 cases of which 59 were ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) and 26 were haemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases (HCVD). By taking the history and doing clinical examination and laboratory investigations, diabetes mellitus, malignant disease, renal disease, liver disease and diuretic medication were excluded from study subjects. Serum non-HDL cholesterol was measured in all study subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS for windows version 12.0. Mean values of the findings were compared between groups. One way ANOVA test and multiple comparison (Bonferroni‘t’) test were used to see the level of significance. Results: Serum non-HDL cholesterol found significantly increased in CVD, ICVD and HCVD cases in comparison to control subjects. But ICVD and HCVD cases did not differ with respect to serum non-HDLcholesterol. Conclusion: The result shows that elevated non-HDL cholesterol is associated with CVD. Prospective study with large sample size is required to evaluate the elevated Non-HDL cholesterol as a risk factor of CVD. Key words: Non-HDL cholesterol; Cerebrovascular disease; Ischaemic cerebrovascular disease; Haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i3.6469Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.3 July 2010, pp.143-149

Download Full-text

The Significance of Cortical Cerebellar Microbleeds and Microinfarcts in Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1159/000371488 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 138-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jacques L. De Reuck ◽

Vincent Deramecourt ◽

Florent Auger ◽

Nicolas Durieux ◽

Charlotte Cordonnier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Lewy Body Disease ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽

Control Group ◽

Amyloid Angiopathy ◽

Diagnostic Purpose ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Horizontal Section ◽

Mean Values

Background: As cortical microbleeds and microinfarcts in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases have been studied predominantly at the level of the cerebral hemispheres and linked to the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), we aimed at determining with 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) whether the causes and the frequency of cortical cerebellar microbleeds (CCeMBs) and microinfarcts (CCeMIs) are the same. Materials and Methods: Hundred and four postmortem brains, composed of 29 with pure Alzheimer's disease (AD), 9 with AD associated to CAA, 10 with frontotemporal lobar degeneration, 9 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 10 with Lewy body disease, 12 with progressive supranuclear palsy, 9 with vascular dementia (VaD), and 16 controls, were examined. On a horizontal section of a cerebellar hemisphere examined with 7.0-tesla MRI, the number CCeMBs and CCeMIs were compared between the different disease groups and the control group. The MRI findings were also compared with the corresponding mean values observed on histological examination of a separate standard horizontal section of a cerebellar hemisphere, used for diagnostic purpose. Results: CCeMBs and CCeMIs were only significantly increased in the VaD group. When comparing the diseased patients with and without CAA mutually and with those with arterial hypertension and severe atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, only in the latter an increase of CCeMBs and CCeMIs was observed. There was an excellent correlation between the MRI and the neuropathological findings. Conclusions: CCeMBs and CCeMIs are mainly due to atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and not due to CAA. Their increased presence cannot be included to the Boston diagnostic criteria for CAA.

Download Full-text

Study of Serum Uric Acid in Cerebrovascular Disease

Journal of Dhaka Medical College ◽

10.3329/jdmc.v18i1.6299 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Parvin ◽

MM Hoque ◽

N Sultana ◽

NS Chowdhury ◽

SS Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Uric Acid Concentration ◽

Thyroid Disorder ◽

Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Group I ◽

Serum Uric Acid Concentration ◽

Bangladeshi Population

A case control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU from January to December 2007 to evaluate the association of uric acid with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in a Bangladeshi population. A total number of 135 subjects of both sexes were grouped as group-I (CVD cases) and group-II (Healthy controls). Group-I include 85 cases, 59 were ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) and 26 were haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease (HCVD). By taking the history and doing the clinical examination and laboratory investigations diabetes mellitus, malignant disease, renal disease, thyroid disorder, liver disease & diuretic medication were excluded from study subjects. Serum uric acid was measured in all study subjects. The mean serum uric acid concentration of CVD, ICVD, HCVD cases and control subjects were 5.98±1.52 mg/dl, 6.04±1.45 mg/dl, 5.85±1.68 mg/dl & 5.00±1.35 mg/dl respectively. Serum uric acid found significantly increased in CVD, ICVD and HCVD cases in comparison to control subjects. No difference was found in serum uric acid in between ICVD and HCVD cases. Key words: Uric acid; cerebrovascular disease; ischemic cerebrovascular disease; haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i1.6299 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(1) : 15-19

Download Full-text

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) in Diet Act as Protective Negotiator for Development of Myocardial Infarction

10.53350/pjmhs211551127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1127-1129

Author(s):

A. R. Memon ◽

M. Akram ◽

U. Bhatti ◽

A. S. Khan ◽

K. Rani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angina Pectoris ◽

Statin Therapy ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Vitamin B3 ◽

Mean Values ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Group I ◽

The Mean ◽

Group Ii

Background: Vitamin B3 (Niacin) is known to decrease LDL‐cholesterol, and triglycerides, and increase HDL‐cholesterol levels. The evidence of benefits with niacin monotherapy or add‐on to statin‐based therapy is controversial. Aim: To determine the effects of vitamin B3 with statins on lipid profile of patients of angina pectoris with dyslpidemia. Study Design: Randomized control trial study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Shaikha Fatima Institute of Nursing & Health Sciences (SFINHS), Lahore with collaboration of Cardiology OPD of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st November 2019 to 31st January 2020. Methodology: Seventy four diagnosed cases of angina pectoris with dyslipidemia were recruited with age range from 30 to 50 years. They were divided into two groups; Group I contained 36 patients as controlled group which was given treatment of angina with Tab. Rovista (statin) 10mg at dinner for treatment of dyslipidemia and Group II contained 38 patients as case study group which was given treatment of angina with Tab. Rovista (statin) 10 mg at dinner and tablet Vitamin B3 500 mg with single OD dose at day time for treatment of dyslipidemia for 8 weeks. Results: The mean serum cholesterol levels at zero level (before the start of treatment) of group I was 244 mg/dl and group II was 246 mg/dl, LDL of group I was 169 mg/dl while group II was 170 mg/dl and HDL of group I was 20 mg/dl while group II was 19 mg/dl . After the treatment group I which taken only statins for treatment of dyslipidemia the mean serum cholesterol levels was 210 mg/dl, LDL was 144 mg/dl and HDL was 26 mg/dl while the mean values of group II (taken statin as well as vitamin B3) serum cholesterol level was 192 mg/dl, LDL was 122 mg/dl and HDL was 44 mg/dl. The results shown there were significant effects of statin therapy along with vitamin B3 on serum LDL and serum HDL levels. Conclusion: There were significant effects of statin therapy along with vitamin B3 on serum LDL and Serum HDL levels. Key Words: Vitamin B3, Serum Cholesterol, Serum LDL &HDL

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Performance of the Newly Developed de Cordova's Formula for Calculation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol without Use of Triglycerides

Journal of Enam Medical College ◽

10.3329/jemc.v4i1.18062 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 10-14

Author(s):

Abdul Hai Siddique ◽

Muhammad Saiedullah ◽

Nasreen Chowdhury ◽

Md Aminul Haque Khan

Keyword(s):

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Mean Values ◽

Evaluation Of Performance ◽

Bangladeshi Population

Background: Various formulas are available to estimate serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. All of these are serum triglycerides (TG) dependent. But very recently de Cordova et al developed a simple formula (CF) to calculate LDL cholesterol without using serum TG and claimed it to be more accurate than Friedewald.s formula (FF). Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the CF for the calculation of LDL cholesterol in a Bangladeshi population. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and sixty adult Bangladeshi subjects were purposively included in this study. Serum total cholesterol (TC), TG, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were measured by direct automated methods. LDL cholesterol was also calculated by CF and FF. Results were expressed in conventional unit as mean ± SD and compared by two-tailed paired t test, bias against measured LDL cholesterol, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), Passing & Bablok regression and accuracy within ±10% of the measured LDL cholesterol. Results: The mean values of directly measured LDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol calculated by CF and FF were 117.7 ± 31.0, 111.8 ± 31.0 and 108.9 ± 39.7 mg/dL respectively. Bias of calculated LDL cholesterol against measured LDL cholesterol was -5.2% for CF and -9.6% for FF. The correlation coefficients of measured LDL cholesterol were 0.9796 (p<0.001) for CF and 0.9525 (p<0.001) for FF. Passing & Bablok regression yielded the equation y = 0.9938x - 6.2 for CF and y = 1.2774x - 40.9 for FF. Accuracy within ±10% of measured LDL cholesterol was 81% for CF and 49% for FF. Conclusion: This study revealed better performance of the de Cordova's formula than Friedewald's formula for approximate calculation of LDL cholesterol without using serum triglycerides. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i1.18062 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(1): 10-14

Download Full-text

Hypertensive crisis as cerebrovascular disease risk factor

Systemic Hypertension ◽

10.26442/2075-082x_2018.2.60-64 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 60-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M A Kravchenko ◽

O S Andreeva ◽

E V Gnedovskaya ◽

A O Chechetkin ◽

Yu Ya Varakin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Hypertensive Crisis ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Hypertensive Crises ◽

Intellectual Productivity

Objective. To assess main epidemiological indicators for hypertensive crises (HC) in the population of productive age and to study possible correlations of crisis associated arterial hypertension (AH) with clinical and instrumental phenomenon of chronic cerebrovascular diseases. Materials and methods. Data of several studies presented: cross-sectional studies of 726 people aged 35-64 and 415 people aged 40-59. Observational cohort study of 109 patients aged 57.4±5.8 with uncomplicated AH. For the detection of HC in anamnesis, there were used special criteria which widens standard HC definition for additional account of light and mild severity cases. Results. Overall AH prevalence was 45% (95% CI 41-51), in men - 48% (40.2-55.9), in women - 45% (38.4-51.6). History of HC in anamnesis was 11.8% (95% CI 9-15.2), in men 8.8% (5.4-14) and in women - 13.8% (10-18.7). Proportion of HC associated AH defined at the level of 25-30% of all AH cases. The most prevalence of HC associated AH was found in people with “high normal” (130-139/85-89) arterial pressure - 37%. Prevalence of the complaints on headaches, dizziness, poor memory and lower intellectual productivity was higher in people with HC. Chronic cerebrovascular disease was found 2-fold frequently in HC associated AH. But in generally analysis of possible correlations of HC with clinical and instrumental phenomenon of chronic cerebrovascular diseases didn’t revealed any statistically significant differences. Conclusion. HC burden for healthcare system is serious, because it is important risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases and associated with significant lowering of the quality of life. Prevalence of the HC cases with light and mild severity is underestimated. Despite that the study of the most prevalent forms of HC (rare, light and mild severity) didn’t find any associations with morphological or persistent clinical pathology, functional phenomenon were found statistically significant frequently.

Download Full-text

Effects of Smoking and Lipid Profile of the Patient on the Onset and Maintenance of Periodontal Disease

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.10.6598 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 2648-2651

Author(s):

Gabriela Ciavoi ◽

Alina Tirb ◽

Edwin Sever Bechir ◽

Farah Bechir ◽

Ilinca Suciu

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Group Iv ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Values ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Dental Plaque Index

The purpose of our study is to determine the correlation between the effects of smoking, triglycerides and cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL) and periodontal disease. 90 patients, smokers diagnosed with periodontal disease and 30 nonsmoker patients (control group), in the age of 30-60 years, were studied. Patients were divided into 4 groups, each of 30 patients as follows: group I - smokers up to 10 cigarettes a day, group II-smokers between 10-20 cigarettes a day, group III-over 20 cigarettes a day, group IV- control group, nonsmokers. The values of the Silness-Loe dental plaque index (DPI), the gingival bleeding index (GI), the Periodontal Disease Index (PDI) -Ramfjord were noted in both the examined and control groups. The values of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol showed statistically significant difference between the mean values �in the examined groups, while mean values �of HDL cholesterol in the second and third examined subgroups and control group were in higher range than the normal one. We concluded also that there is a relationship between smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked and the periodontal disease.

Download Full-text

Arg506GIn Factor V Mutation (Factor V Leiden) in Patients with Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Disease and Survivors of Myocardial Infarction

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1653820 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (04) ◽

pp. 558-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Kimmo Kontula ◽

Antti Ylikorkala ◽

Helena Miettinen ◽

Alpo Vuorio ◽

Ritva Kauppinen-Mäkelin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Factor V Leiden ◽

Mutant Gene ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Extensive Study ◽

Carrier Status ◽

Factor V ◽

Ischaemic Attack

SummaryThe point mutation Arg506->Gln of factor V was recently shown to be an important and relatively common genetic cause of venous thromboembolism. Using a DNA technique based on polymerase chain reaction, we surveyed the blood samples of 236 patients with ischaemic stroke or a transient ischaemic attack, 122 survivors of myocardial infarction and 137 control subjects for the presence of this mutation. Although the frequency of the factor V mutation in patients with arterial disease (4.5%) was not significantly different from that in healthy blood donors (2.9%), a carrier status for this mutant gene was associated with symptoms of migraine and relatively mild angiographic abnormalities among patients with cerebrovascular disease. A more extensive study addressing the occurrence and significance of the mutant factor V mutation in patients with vasospastic cerebrovascular diseases seems to be warranted.

Download Full-text

Association between apolipoprotein gene polymorphisms and hyperlipidemia: a meta-analysis

BMC Genomic Data ◽

10.1186/s12863-021-00968-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Ning Zhao ◽

Quan Sun ◽

You-Qin Cao ◽

Xiao Ran ◽

Yu Cao

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Ε4 Allele ◽

Different Populations ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Hyperlipidemia plays an important role in the etiology of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Over recent years, a number of studies have explored the impact of apolipoprotein genetic polymorphisms in hyperlipidemia, but considerable differences and uncertainty have been found in their association with different populations from different regions. Results A total of 59 articles were included, containing in total 13,843 hyperlipidemia patients in the case group and 15,398 healthy controls in the control group. Meta-analysis of the data indicated that APOA5–1131 T > C, APOA1 -75 bp, APOB XbaI, and APOE gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with hyperlipidemia, with OR values of 1.996, 1.228, 1.444, and 1.710, respectively. All P-values were less than 0.05. Conclusions Meta-analysis of the data indicated that the C allele of APOA5 1131 T > C, the A allele at APOA1-75 bp, the APOB XbaI T allele, and the ε2 and ε4 allele of APOE were each a risk factor for susceptibility for hyperlipidemia.

Download Full-text

Antipsychotic drugs v. barbiturates or benzodiazepines used as active placebos for schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s003329171900285x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (15) ◽

pp. 2622-2633 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Spyridon Siafis ◽

Giacomo Deste ◽

Anna Ceraso ◽

Christian Mussoni ◽

Antonio Vita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antipsychotic Drugs ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chronically Ill ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Mean Values ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Acute Schizophrenia

AbstractBackgroundComparisons of antipsychotics with placebo can be biased by unblinding due to side effects. Therefore, this meta-analysis compared the efficacy of antipsychotics for acute schizophrenia in trials using barbiturates or benzodiazepines as active placebos.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) in acute schizophrenia with at least 3 weeks duration and comparing any antipsychotic with barbiturates or benzodiazepines were eligible. ClinicalTrials.gov, CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, WHO-ICTRP as well as previous reviews were searched up to 9 January 2018. Two separate meta-analyses, one for barbiturates and one for benzodiazepines, were conducted using random-effects models. The primary outcome was response to treatment, and mean values of schizophrenia rating scales and dropouts were analyzed as secondary outcomes. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018086263).ResultsSeven barbiturate-RCTs (number of participants n = 1736), and two benzodiazepine-RCTs (n = 76) were included in the analysis. The studies were published between 1960 and 1968 and involved mainly chronically ill patients. More patients on antipsychotics in comparison to barbiturates achieved a ‘good’ response (36.2% v. 16.8%; RR 2.15; 95% CI 1.36–3.41; I2 = 48.9) and ‘any’ response (57.4% v. 27.8%; RR 2.07; 95% CI 1.35–3.18; I2 = 68.2). In a single small trial (n = 60), there was no difference between antipsychotics and benzodiazepines on ‘any’ response (74.7% v. 65%; RR 1.15; 95% CI 0.82–1.62).ConclusionsAntipsychotic drugs were more efficacious than barbiturates, based on a large sample size. Response ratios were similar to those observed in placebo-controlled trials. The results on benzodiazepines were inconclusive due to the small number of studies and participants.

Download Full-text