Metabolic Syndrome in Bangladeshi Menopausal Women

Objective: To assess the factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in post menopausal women in Bangladesh.Methods: Menopausal women are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This cross-sectional study on 64 willing post menopausal women from an urban and a rural area of Bangladesh was done. The socio-epidemiologic factors with anthropometric examination, blood pressure recording and fasting blood analysis for triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), sugar were studied.Results: Prevalence of MetS was 50.0% (95% CI= 39.9%- 60.1%) among menopausal women, seventy five percent of them were urban. Low HDL cholesterol prevailed in almost 96% respondents followed by high TG (51%), obesity (28.0%), high fasting blood sugar (FBS, 27.1%) and hypertension (HTN, 16.9%). On logistic regression, age (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-1. 9), male sex (OR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.4-4.2) and exercise (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9) produced significantly higher odds of being associated with MetS; rural area (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-2.1) and sedentary occupation (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 0.9-3.0) were associated just insignificantly. Though higher income, better education, good physical movement and knowledge of MetS produced protective odds, they were not significant.Conclusions: The study suggests that MetS is highly prevalent among Bangladeshi menopausal women. Further studies are needed to identify risk factors and for effective preventive measures to control this metabolic disease.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(1): 15-20

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Metabolic syndrome in pre and post menopausal women of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v17i1.35277 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah ◽

Muna Shalima Jahan

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Medical Science ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Post Menopausal

Objective: To assess the metabolic syndrome (MetS) status in pre and post menopausal women of Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: Secondary analysis from a cross-sectional study on 276 willing females from an urban and a rural area. The socio-epidemiologic factors were studied with anthropometric examination, blood pressure recording and fasting blood for analysis of triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting blood sugar (FBS) between pre and post menopausal women.Results and Discussion: Only 19.8% premenopausal women had MetS (95% CI=15.7%-24.7%) compared to that of 50% (95% CI=39.9%-60.1%) menopausal (p<0.001). Low HDL cholesterol prevailed in almost 97% respondents in both groups (p=0.12). The menopausal women had higher TG (51.6%, p=0.07), obesity (10.9%, 0=0.004), high FBS (40.6%, p<0.001) and hypertension (HTN, 32.8%, p<0.001) compared to those of (TG 39.3%, obesity 6.1%, high FBS 19.8% and HTN 9.9% respectively) premenopausal women. On logistic regression, HTN (OR=3.8, 95%CI: 1.9-7.7) and high FBS (OR=2.2, 95%CI: 1.1-4.2) produced significantly higher odds of being associated with menopause. Only menopause became significantly associated with MetS (OR=4.3, 95%CI: 23.0-7.9) after adjusted with residence and education of the respondents.Conclusion: MetS is highly prevalent in post menopausal women in Bangladesh. Women approaching menopause should be brought under health education scheme for awareness of MetS while aging.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.42-46

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Association of breastfeeding and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in postmenopausal parous women: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010 ~ 2016)

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-021-00607-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jusuk Lee ◽

Taehong Kim

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Korean Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Understanding the relationship between breastfeeding (BF) and metabolic syndrome (Mets) is important for maternal long-term health benefits and disease prevention. This study aimed to examine the association between BF and Mets and its components among postmenopausal parous Korean women. Methods This cross-sectional study on 10,356 Korean women used nationally representative data from the KNHANES from 2010 to 2016. Anthropometric, laboratory data and manual BP were measured. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of BF with Mets and its components after adjusting for potential confounding variables. A p-value < 0.05 was to be considered statistically significant. Results Mets was present in 42% of the study participants. The BF group had low household income and education level. The prevalence of Mets in the BF group was higher than that in the non-BF group (42.69% vs. 34.76%, p < 0.001). BF was associated with increased risk of Mets (odds ratio [OR]: 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.65, p < 0.001). The BF group was at higher risks for diabetes (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.14–1.98), hypertension (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03–1.68), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02–1.99) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.06–1.65). Conclusion In this study, BF did not affect decreasing the prevalence of Mets and its components.

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Comparing the validity of continuous metabolic syndrome risk scores for predicting pediatric metabolic syndrome: the CASPIAN-V study

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2018-0384 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 383-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehri Khoshhali ◽

Ramin Heshmat ◽

Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽

Hasan Ziaodini ◽

Mahdi Hadian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Z Scores ◽

Iranian Children

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the validity of various approaches to pediatric continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) scores including siMS scores (2 waist/height + fasting blood glucose [FBG]/5.6 + triglycerides [TG]/1.7 + systolic blood pressure [BP]/130 + high-density lipoprotein [HDL]/1.02), Z-scores, principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted on 4200 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. The cMetS was computed using data on HDL, cholesterol, TGs, FBG, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and waist circumference (WC). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to compare the performances of different cMetS scores. Results Data of 3843 participants (52.4% boys) were available for the current study. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 12.6 (3) and 12.3 (3.1) years for boys and girls, respectively. The differences in AUC values of cMetS scores were significant based on the Delong method. The AUCs (95% confidence interval [CI]) were for Z-scores, 0.94 (0.93, 0.95); first PCA, 0.91 (0.89, 0.93); sum PCA, 0.90 (0.88, 0.92), CFA, 0.79 (0.76, 0.3) and also for siMS scores 1 to 3 as 0.93 (0.91, 0.94), 0.92 (0.90, 0.93), and 0.91 (0.90, 0.93), respectively. Conclusions The results of our study indicated that the validity of all approaches for cMetS scores for predicting MetS was high. Given that the siMS scores are simple and practical, it might be used in clinical and research practice.

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Association between Total Sugar Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Korean Men and Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2042 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eun Ha Seo ◽

Hyesook Kim ◽

Oran Kwon

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sugar Intake ◽

Increased Risk

There is increasing evidence emerging that suggests high sugar intake may adversely increase the incidence of chronic diseases. However, there are only a few related studies in Korea. Based on the current Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, this study examined whether total sugar intake above 20% of the total energy was a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean adults. This cross-sectional study involved 7005 adults (3751 men and 3254 women) aged 40–69 years, who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a large community-based cohort study. Daily total sugar intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. About 9% and 16% of the men and women, respectively, derived >20% of energy intake from total sugar. The males in this category had a significantly higher odds of obesity defined as having a BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 1.491, 95% CI = 1.162–1.914), low HDL-cholesterol (OR = 1.313, 95% CI = 1.038–1.660), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.332, 95% CI = 1.038–1.709) than those who received a lower proportion of energy intake from total sugar. These results suggest that high (>20%) energy intake from total sugar may be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men.

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Psychosocial job conditions and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS)

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/14034948211064097 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 140349482110640

Author(s):

Mia Söderberg ◽

Helena Eriksson ◽

Kjell Torén ◽

Göran Bergström ◽

Eva Andersson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

High Strain ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diastolic Hypertension ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Job Conditions

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between psychosocial work exposure and the presence of biological and imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sub-cohort of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Psychosocial exposure was evaluated with the job demand–control model, and analysed according to the standard categorization: high strain, active, passive and low strain (reference). Biomarkers (blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, coronary artery calcification (CAC) and metabolic syndrome) were measured, or derived through measurements, from clinical examinations. Gender-specific prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with regression models and adjusted for age, education, smoking, physical activity, general life stress and body mass index (BMI). Results: The analyses included 3882 participants (52.5% women). High strain (high demands–low control) was linked to increased PR for low HDL cholesterol in women, adjusted for all covariates (PR 1.76; 95% CI 1.25–2.48). High strain was also related to moderately increased PR for metabolic syndrome in men, after adjustments for all covariates except BMI (PR 1.25; 95% CI 1.02–1.52). In addition, passive work (low demands–low control) was associated with diastolic hypertension in women (fully adjusted: PR 1.29; 95% CI 1.05–1.59). All relationships between psychosocial factors and LDL cholesterol or CAC (both genders), or hypertension (men), were non-significant. Conclusions: Poor psychosocial job conditions was associated with the presence of low HDL cholesterol and diastolic hypertension in women, and metabolic syndrome in men. These findings contribute to the knowledge of potential pathways between stressful work and coronary heart disease.

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A study of correlation of pulmonary function test in patients with metabolic syndrome with different components of metabolic syndrome

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20220026 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Prabhu S. ◽

Sudha Karbari

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Social

Background: The increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome has been on the rise especially in urban population and leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus. It has been associated with impairment of pulmonary functions. However, there is limited data regarding the association with individual components of metabolic syndrome and overall effect on components of pulmonary functions.Methods: This is a cross sectional study consisting of 50 subjects with metabolic syndrome. All the subjects underwent pulmonary function tests and the association between different components of metabolic syndrome and pulmonary function were examined using unpaired t-test and Pearson’s partial correlation coefficient. This data was analysed by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 12.0.Results: In females, moderate negative significant correlation was seen between forced vital capacity (FVC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG), waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) whereas positive weak non-significant correlation was seen between FVC and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), while no such relation was found with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). In males, negative, moderate significant correlation was seen between FVC and FBS whereas strong, positive, significant correlation was seen between FVC and WC; between FVC and BMI. Negative, moderate, significant correlation was seen between FEV1 and WC; between FEV1 and BMI.Conclusions: Our study concluded that there was a significant impact of FBS and WC on decreasing FVC on both genders with minimally significant impact of other components of metabolic syndrome on FVC with no effect on FEV1 hence indicating a restrictive pattern of pulmonary function derangement. Hence, further studies with larger sample size is needed to confirm whether there are direct or indirect mechanisms through which insulin resistance could affect pulmonary function.

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Metabolic Syndrome, and Not Obesity, Is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease

American Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1159/000518111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 666-672

Author(s):

Stefano Ciardullo ◽

Cinzia Ballabeni ◽

Roberto Trevisan ◽

Gianluca Perseghin

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: Obese (OB) patients are at increased risk of chronic kidney disease, but it is still unclear whether this can be attributed to obesity per se or to the associated metabolic derangements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) on kidney disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data obtained in the 2005–2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included all adult participants with available data on body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), and each of the MS components. Primary outcomes were eGFR <60 mL/min, UACR ≥30 mg/g, or a combination of the two. Results: The studied population comprised 12,335 participants. OB participants without MS (OB+ MS−) were younger and more commonly female. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with OB− MS− participants, an increased prevalence of albuminuria and reduced eGFR were present in both OB− MS+ groups and the OB+ MS+ groups, but not in the OB+ MS− groups. When each of the MS components was evaluated separately, elevated blood pressure and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with both UACR and reduced eGFR, while elevated blood glucose and triglycerides were only associated with UACR. Waist circumference was not associated with any of the renal outcomes. Discussion/Conclusion: This large cross-sectional study suggests that MS and not obesity is associated with kidney damage and that the OB+ MS− phenotype does not seem to carry an increased risk of kidney disease.

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Gender Differentials of Metabolic Syndrome in Bangladesh taking Menopause into Consideration

International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) ◽

10.31344/ijhhs.v5i1.242 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah ◽

Muna Shalima Jahan ◽

Saadi Al Jundi ◽

Ahmad Mamoun Rajab

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Gender Differentials ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Study Population

Objective:To assess the gender differences of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Bangladesh and factors associated with it.Materials and methods: Cross sectional study was performed on 227 premenopausal women, 48 menopausal women and 217 men. The gender differentials were studied with measurement of waist circumference, blood pressure and fasting blood for triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), blood sugar (FBS).Results:Premenopausal women had 22.9% (95% CI: 17.9-28.8%), menopausal women had 43.8% (95% CI: 30.7-57.7%), and the men had 53.9% (95% CI: 47.3-60.4%) prevalence of MetS giving a 1:1.7:2.1 ratio of premenopausal, menopausal women and men prevalence respectively. More than 95% of study population had low HDL irrespective of gender and menopause status. Obesity was 5.3% in premenopausal women, 14.6% in menopausal women and 54.4% in men. HTN was 10.6% in premenopausal women, 35.4% in menopausal women, and 19.4% in men. High TG was 42.5% in premenopausal women, 41.7%, in menopausal women and 62.0% in men. High FBS was 22.0% in premenopausal women, 37.5% in menopausal women and 30.4% in men.Conclusion: Compared to premenopausal women, MetS in men was two times higher and nearly two times higher in menopausal women, pulling menopausal women prevalence almost equal to men. Menopausal women had high prevalence of HTN while obesity was more prevalent in men. Dyslipidemia should be a concern for the policy makers in search of a prevention program.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 101-107

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