scholarly journals Effect of Mannitol and Sodium Chloride on Some Total Secondary Metabolites of Fenugreek Calli Cultured In vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam A. Hussein ◽  
Esam M. Aqlan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Hypocotyls of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) were cut into 5 mm long segments and used as explants. For obtaining callus under various water and salt stress levels, MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA and 1.0 mg/l NAA was prepared; then divided into nine portions, the first of which was kept as control while to the other portions mannitol (0.1 and 0.3% w/v) and sodium chloride (0.1 and 0.3% w/v) were added separately and interacted. Callus formation was allowed to take place for a period of six weeks in the dark at 250C. Calli from various treatments were then harvested and subjected to growth, total phenolics, total flavonoids and total tannin contents determinations. Results of the present study have shown that the lower concentration of mannitol enhanced growth while the higher concentration enhanced growth, total phenolics and total flavonoid contents in comparison to the control. Mild salt stress which was created by the lower sodium chloride concentration reduced growth with concomitant increase in total phenolics, total flavonoids and total tannins while the higher salt concentration significantly decreased growth and secondary metabolite accumulation as well. Interaction treatments between mannitol and sodium chloride exhibited various effects on calli growth and secondary metabolites levels. This study throws some light on the behavior of cultured fenugreek cells grown under water and salt stress.   Key words: Trigonella foenum-gaecum, callus, abiotic stress, secondary metabolites   D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i1.9561   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(1): 35-43, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AUXIN ON IN VITRO SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION FROM BALANITES AEGYPTIACA CALLUS CULTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa A.A. Abdel- Kareem ◽  
H.A. El- Shamy ◽  
A.K. Dawh ◽  
S.G. Gwiefel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Metabolites Production

The present work was conducted in order to investigate the effect of auxin type (2,4-D and NAA) and concentration (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/l) on Balanites aegyptiaca callus cultures growth and production of secondary metabolites. Obtained results demonstrated that supplementation MS medium with 2,4-D at 2.0 mg/l could enhanced and recorded the ultimate values of callus fresh weight, antioxidant activity (%), total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds and total saponins contents and yields of Balanites aegyptiaca L. callus.

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on plants of poplar clone "INRA 353-38" and willow clone "Zhytomyrska-1" in in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Yu. Khoma ◽  
L. Khudolieieva ◽  
N. Kutsokon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Abiotic Factor

Soil salinization is an important abiotic factor negatively affecting plant growth, development and productivity. Fast-growing poplar and willow trees are important plants for bioenergy production demonstrating varying degrees of adaptation to different habitats. The study of salt resistance in different clones of poplars and willows will reveal genotypes that can be planted in saline soils for producing biomass for the bioenergy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on poplar plants of clone 'INRA 353-38' (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) and willow clone 'Zhytomyrska – 1' (Salix sp.) under in vitro culture. For this purpose the plants were cultivated on MS nutrient medium with the addition of sodium chloride in concentrations 25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM. The control plants were grown on the sodium chloridefree medium. The plant status (with a 4-score scale), the intensity of their growth (by shoot length) and rooting capacity (by the number of roots) were assessed on the 10th and the 30th day of cultivation. The results obtained indicate a high level of sensitivity to sodium chloride of both studied clones under in vitro cultivation. But the willow 'Zhytomyrska – 1' had a higher sensitivity to salt stress comparing to hybrid polar 'ІNRA 353-38' since growth parameters of willow were significantly decreased even under the concentration of sodium chloride 50 mM, and in the case of short term influence (10 days) of the highest concentration of sodium chloride (100 mM) all willow plants terminated their growth and quickly died. The growth parameters of hybrid poplar were declined within a month, mainly under the highest concentration of sodium chloride, but even under such conditions some part of the shoots were able to survive.

Influence of Sodium Chloride Salt Stress on Growth and Nutrient Acquisition of Sour Orange In Vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safwan M. Shiyab ◽  
Rida A. Shibli ◽  
Munir M. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Sour Orange

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Morphological Characteristics, Biochemical Accumulation, and Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Black Horehound (Ballota nigra L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Younessi Mehdikhanlou ◽  
Zahra Dibazarnia ◽  
Shahin Oustan ◽  
Vinson Teniyah ◽  
Ramesh Katam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Total Flavonoids

Black horehound (Ballota nigra L.) is one of the important medicinal plants, which is a rich source of health-promoting essential oils. Salinity stress affects plant development and alters the quality and quantity of plants extracts and their composition. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on morphological, physiological characteristics, and secondary metabolites of B. nigra under greenhouse, and in vitro culture conditions. The plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 75, 100 mM) and fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem were measured as well as morphological characteristics of the plant. Plant growth was reduced with the increased salinity concentrations. The results showed that all growth-related traits and SPAD were decreased both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, increased salt concentration affected the cell membrane integrity. Total phenolics content of plants growing in the greenhouse, increased by 21% at 50 mM NaCl, but at higher stress levels (100 mM NaCl), the amounts were decreased significantly. Total flavonoids contents followed similar patterns, with a slight difference. In addition, the maximum and minimum total phenolics contents of plants growing under in vitro condition were observed at 50 mM NaCl and control treatments, respectively. Increasing the salt concentration significantly affected the total flavonoids content, and as a result, the highest amount was observed in 50 and 75 mM NaCl treatments. Antioxidant activity was also measured. Among the NaCl treatments, the highest DPPH scavenging activities (IC50) under greenhouse and in vitro conditions were detected at 50 mM and 25 mM concentrations, respectively. In general, based on the results, with increasing the salinity level to 75 mM, the activities of CAT and APX were significantly upregulated in both greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. A correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant activity were obtained. With shifting salinity stress, the type and the amount of the identified essential oil compounds changed. Compounds such as styrene, tridecanol, germacrene-D, beta-Ionone, beta-bisabolene, and caryophyllene oxide increased compared to the controlled treatment.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effects of Newly Fabricated CaO, CuO, ZnO Nanoparticles on Callus Formation Maintainance of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Under In Vitro Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Simsek ◽  
Busra Yazicilar ◽  
Fatma Boke ◽  
Hayrunisa Nadaroglu ◽  
Azize Alayli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Induction Stage

Abstract Nanoparticules plays an important role in plant adaptation to abiotic stress, especially in response to salt stress. In this study, two alfalfa lines (Erzurum, and Muş) were used as the material for the response NaCl to CuO, ZnO and CaO nanoparticules (NPs). CaO is evident to be higher effective than CuO, ZnO in callus induction from leaf explants. The antioxidant enzyme activities were also determined in the callus cultures. The maximum activity in MDA analysis was observed from callus treated of 50 mM NaCl with 0.8 ppm CuO NPs. The callus induction stage without salt treatments indicated a best result in 0.8 ppm CaO NPs for H2O2 value compared to the other NPs. The callus induction stage without salt treatments indicated a best result in 0.8 ppm CaO NPs for POD value compared to the other NPs for POD activity. The best response in protein rate was obtained from callus induction stage and callus formation stage after 50 mM treatment NaCl with 0.8 ppm CuO. LSCM analysis evident that the NPs could migitate the negative effects of NaCl stress by the elimination of stress severity in callus cells. SEM analysis was supported the results obtained by LSCM analysis. Our findings suggest that CuO, CaO and ZnO NPs can offer a simple and effective method to protect alfalfa callus from NaCl stress severity.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HAMMADA SCOPARIA EXTRACTS FROM SOUTHEASTERN ALGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Benkherara Salah ◽  
Bordjiba O
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the aerial part extracts of Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin to validate the medicinal potential of this Algerian plant species.Methods: Crude extracts were prepared by cold maceration with absolute methanol and distilled water. Preliminary phytochemical screening is carried out to detect the presence of the major secondary metabolites using qualitative characterization methods. Quantitative estimation of total phenols, total flavonoids, flavanols, flavonols, and condensed tannins contents is performed using gallic acid, rutin, catechin, and quercetin as standards. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by the free radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity by scavenging of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation assay, and the ferric reducing power assay (ferric reducing antioxidant power).Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and sterols, saponins, and anthocyanins. Total phenols were present more in aqueous crude extract (ACE) with 336.756±0.855 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DM. Total flavonoids and flavonols were more abundant in methanolic crude extract (MCE) than ACE. However, condensed tannins and flavanols were present less in MCE with only 0.958±0.052 and 4.547±0.055 mg CE/g DM, respectively. The ACE of this plant species had greater antioxidant activity than the other extract by DPPH and ABTS assays (35.823±0.129 and 51.323±0.394 mg trolox equivalent/g DM). The better ferric reducing power (2060.535±2.566 mM Fe+2/g DM) was also recorded with the same extract.Conclusion: ACE of aerial part of H. scoparia (Pomel) Iljin showed a high amount of secondary metabolites. The obtained results confirmed that the extracting solvent influenced the antioxidant property estimations of this plant. Hence, the ACE can be further exploited further for in vitro and in vivo research work.

scholarly journals Callus inducement of Toona sinensis: Potential agents against SARS-Corona virus replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
A I Putri ◽  
T Herawan ◽  
Prastyono ◽  
L Haryjanto ◽  
M A Fauzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Cell Weight ◽  
Toona Sinensis ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Dry Cell Weight

Abstract Bioprospecting of anti-SARS-corona virus phytochemical agents is an important issue today as an alternative to chemical drugs whose effectiveness has not been fully successful with no light effect. Quercetin, a component of Toona sinensis young leaves extract, was reported to have anti-viral activity against SARS-corona virus replication in vitro. Currently, the low efficiency of secondary metabolite production is an obstacle. Production of secondary metabolites from callus induction in vitro is considered more efficient and in a short time for commercial applications. The composition of hormones in callus media affects the secondary metabolites formed. The study was conducted to determine the effect of synthetic hormones auxin (BAP) and cytokinin (NAA) on callus percentage, fresh and dry callus cell weight and the average time of callus formation. The call percentage (100%) was obtained in different combinations of BAP and NAA in MS medium. The highest fresh weight of callus (165.50 gL−1) and dry cell weight (28.47 gL−1) were observed in MS medium (1.5 mgL−1 BAP and 1 mgL−1 NAA) within 7 days initial formation time of callus. The results showed that all the indices measured were positively correlated with callus induction in T. sinensis.

scholarly journals Elicitation of Submerged Adventitious Root Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana with Cuscuta reflexa for Production of Biomass and Secondary Metabolites

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmad ◽  
Palwasha Khan ◽  
Abdullah Khan ◽  
Maliha Usman ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Adventitious Root Cultures ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa

Stevia rebaudiana is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of Stevia rebaudiana are a rich source of many health-promoting agents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and steviol glycoside, which play a key role in controlling obesity and diabetes. New strategies such as the elicitation of culture media are needed to enhance the productivity of active components. Herein, the Cuscuta reflexa extracts were exploited as elicitors to enhance the productivity of active components. Cuscuta reflexa is one of the parasitic plants that has the ability to elongate very fast and cover the host plant. Consequently, it may be possible that the addition of Cuscuta reflexa extracts to adventitious root cultures (ADR) of Stevia rebaudiana may elongate the root more than control cultures to produce higher quantities of the desired secondary metabolites. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Cuscuta reflexa extract as a biotic elicitor on the biomass accumulation and production of antioxidant secondary metabolite in submerged adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana. Ten different concentrations of Cuscuta reflexa were added to liquid media containing 0.5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The growth kinetics of adventitious roots was investigated for a period of 49 days with an interval of 7 days. The maximum biomass accumulation (7.83 g/3 flasks) was observed on medium containing 10 mg/L extract of Cuscuta reflexa on day 49. As the concentration of extract increases in the culture media, the biomass gradually decreases after 49 days of inoculation. In this study, the higher total phenolics content (0.31 mg GAE/g-DW), total flavonoids content (0.22 mg QE/g-DW), and antioxidant activity (85.54%) were observed in 100 mg/L treated cultures. The higher concentration (100 mg/L) of Cuscuta reflexa extract considerably increased the total phenolics content (TPC), total phenolics production (TPP), total flavonoids content (TFC), total flavonoids production (TFP), total polyphenolics content (TPPC), and total polyphenolics production (TPPP). It was concluded that the extract of Cuscuta reflexa moderately improved biomass accumulation but enhanced the synthesis of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Here, biomass’s independent production of secondary metabolites was observed with the addition of extract. The present study will be helpful to scale up adventitious roots culture into a bioreactor for the production of secondary metabolites rather than biomass accumulation in medicinally important Stevia rebaudiana.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY EVALUATION OF Poincianella bracteosa (FABACEAE) EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Marcel Mark da Silva PASSOS ◽  
Erica Porto FERNANDES ◽  
Simone Andrade GUALBERTO ◽  
Sandra Lúcia da Cunha SILVA ◽  
Débora Cardoso DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

Popularly known as “catingueira”, Poincianella Bracteosa is widely used by communities in the vicinity of the municipality of Tanhaçu, in Bahia to combat cough and bronchitis, therefore, based on data from a survey was performed ethnobotanical Phytochemical prospecting of the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of poincianella Bracteosa, as well as the determination of antioxidant capacity and the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids present in the ethanolic extract and fractions. The study involved the obtaining of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of the species under study, by percolation with a 70% solution hidroetanólica. The fractionation of the ethanolic extract was performed with three different solvent (hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The preliminary analysis of chemical composition was made by in vitro tests, with specific reagents for the different classes of secondary metabolites. The quantification of phenolics and total flavonoids was made by methods espectrofotométricos in the region of visible. The assessment of antioxidant capacity was performed by the method of kidnapping of free radicals DPPH and by method of reduction of iron ions (FRAP). The results of chemical prospecting demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, gums and mucilage, heterosídeos antociânicos and condensed tannins in the ethanolic extract, being confirmed by quantification of total phenolics and total flavonoids. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fractions (SAF) and diclorometânica (FD) showed a strong antioxidant capacity, being that the SAF fraction was the most active, with EC50 of 3.07±0.05 μg.mL-1.The results show that the studied species is rich in phenolic compounds and has a strong antioxidant capacity, showing great potential for application as a natural antioxidant.

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