scholarly journals Graduated Sovereignty vis-à-vis Aspirations: Education for the Adivasi and Cultural Politics in the Barind Region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Shaila Sharmeen ◽  
Mohammad Tareq Hasan ◽  
SM Arif Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Politics Of Education ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Existing Form

This article is concerned with the meaning of education for Santal and Munda communities, living in the Barind region. The aim of this paper is to document the narratives of Adivasis’ on education. What do they mean by education? What kind of situation did they experience in formal education? How they respond to the existing form of education. The article is written based on ethnographic material drawn from 8/9 months of frequent visit in the field of study. Data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire, observation and participation. To Adivasis of Santal and Munda communities, education means to fight the mainstream society back, to act confidently, erase the stereotypical images they are labelled by the dominant group, and to get freedom from poverty; aspirations to overcome the conditions of graduated sovereignty and cultural politics. To consider the qualitative matter of social mobility, namely the aspiration in both the individual and community levels, the article proposes to look beyond the existing dominant analytical frame of educational access and exclusion. The analytical tools were developed following Appadurai’s concept of aspiration and Ong’s idea of graduated sovereignty. This article is a critical assessment of the marginal communities’ formal education and development and will contribute to ethnographic intervention in social anthropology and development studies, and contemporary debate on politics of education. Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 1-26

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CASE STUDY OF 2012 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKES ON THAILAND’S

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Muttarak ◽  
Wiraporn Pothisiri
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we investigate how well residents of the Andaman coast in Phang Nga province, Thailand, are prepared for earthquakes and tsunami. It is hypothesized that formal education can promote disaster preparedness because education enhances individual cognitive and learning skills, as well as access to information. A survey was conducted of 557 households in the areas that received tsunami warnings following the Indian Ocean earthquakes on 11 April 2012. Interviews were carried out during the period of numerous aftershocks, which put residents in the region on high alert. The respondents were asked what emergency preparedness measures they had taken following the 11 April earthquakes. Using the partial proportional odds model, the paper investigates determinants of personal disaster preparedness measured as the number of preparedness actions taken. Controlling for village effects, we find that formal education, measured at the individual, household, and community levels, has a positive relationship with taking preparedness measures. For the survey group without past disaster experience, the education level of household members is positively related to disaster preparedness. The findings also show that disaster related training is most effective for individuals with high educational attainment. Furthermore, living in a community with a higher proportion of women who have at least a secondary education increases the likelihood of disaster preparedness. In conclusion, we found that formal education can increase disaster preparedness and reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.

scholarly journals COMBINING DATA-DRIVEN AND NUMERICAL MODELLING APPROACHES TO STORM EROSION PREDICTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Joshua Simmons ◽  
Kristen Splinter
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Erosion Prediction ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

Physics-based numerical models play an important role in the estimation of storm erosion, particularly at beaches for which there is little historical data. However, the increasing availability of pre-and post-storm data for multiple events and at a number of beaches around the world has opened the possibility of using data-driven approaches for erosion prediction. Both physics-based and purely data-driven approaches have inherent strengths and weaknesses in their ability to predict storm-induced erosion. It is vital that coastal managers and modelers are aware of these trade-offs as well as methods to maximise the value from each modelling approach in an increasingly data-rich environment. In this study, data from approximately 40 years of coastal monitoring at Narrabeen-Collaroy Beach (SE Australia)has been used to evaluate the individual performance of the numerical erosion models SBEACH and XBeach, and a data-driven modelling technique. The models are then combined using a simple weighting technique to provide a hybrid estimate of erosion.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/v53dZiO8Y60

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR INDIVIDU DAN FAKTOR ORGANISASI TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI (Studi pada Guru SMAN di Kecamatan Labuapi Kabupaten Lombok Barat)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multipleregression Analysis

A number of teachers are found unenergetic and undisciplined because of some reasons, suchas no appreciation of they did at work, exclusion of school activities, no trust from the school leaders,no proper treatment in terms of promotion. All of these problems happen among teachers of LabuapiHigh School of West Lombok Regency. This study aims to investigate the significant influence ofindividual and organizational factors, either simultaneously or partially, on the teachers’Organizational Commitment.This research is categorized as an associative study. The population encompassed all 70 highschool teachers in Labuapi Distric of West Lombok Regency. These teachers were all taken assamples of the study. Data collection method involved the use of a questionnaire containingquestions about the Individual Factors, Organizational Factors, and Organizational Commitment.The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.Results of the study indicate that the Individual and Organizational Factors simultaneouslyand partially had a significant effect on the dependent variable of Organizational Commitment. Themost dominant variable affecting Organizational commitment was the individual factor. This studyrecommends that principals of High Schools in Labuapi District of West Lombok constantly meetteachers' great expectations towards work appreciation, involve them emotionally in work-relatedactivities, nurture teacher's responsibility to work, develop a sense of pride for the teachers, providethem with more education training and pastoral care for students, increase the amount of free time togather with family, and reduce the pressure in both career and family matters.Keywords: Individual Factors, Organizational Factors, Organizational Commitment, MultipleRegression Analysis.

scholarly journals Examination of Cognitive Flexibility Levels of Young Individual and Team Sport Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şehmus Aslan
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Sports

The purpose of this study was to compare the level of cognitive flexibility of individual and team athletes who are students. The study included a total of 237 volunteer athletes, comprising 140 males (59.1%) and 97 females (40.9%) with a mean age of 18.98 ± 2.18 years (range, 16-26 years) who were licensed to participate in individual and team sports. Study data were collected using the Cognitive Flexibility Scale developed by Martin and Rubin (1995), which consists of 12 items in total. International validity and reliability studies were conducted by Martin and Rubin, and Turkish validity and reliability studies were conducted by Çelikkaleli on high school students (Çelikkaleli, 2014). The scores of the Cognitive Flexibility Scale were found to be higher in the team sports athletes compared with the individual sports athletes (p<0.05). No difference was determined between the levels of cognitive flexibility in male and female athletes. The results indicated that the cognitive flexibility levels of team athletes are higher than those of individual athletes.

scholarly journals Comprehension and construct validity of the Visual Prostate Symptom Score by men with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms in rural Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. E405-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Stothers ◽  
Andrew Macnab ◽  
Francis Bajunirwe ◽  
Sharif Mutabazi ◽  
Catherine Lobatt
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Lower Urinary

Introduction: The Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) is an image-based interpretation of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) intended to quantify frequency, nocturia, weak stream, and quality of life (QoL) in a literacy-independent manner.Methods: Ugandan men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) to a rural clinic completed VPSS and IPSS independently and then with assistance. They verbally interpreted VPSS images, rated question usefulness, and suggested improvements. Responses between word-based and image-based measures were compared (Student’s T, Fisher’s exact, and Spearman’s correlation tests).Results: 132 scores from 33 men (mean age: 61 years, range 28‒93; education: no schooling 20%, grades 1‒4 62%, 5‒7 9%, 8‒12 9%). Correlation between IPSS and VPSS scores was positive (r= 0.70), as it was between the individual irritative, obstructive, and QoL questions. Independent of education, the weak stream image was best recognized. Likert scale measures indicated this was the most useful image, followed by daytime frequency. Nocturia and QoL images were rated as less clear, with explanation required before most understood that QoL facial expression images reflected overall LUTS impact. Improvements suggested included: increased image size for frequency and nocturia pictograms, increased black/white contrast for nocturia, and addition of an image to allow reporting of urgency.Conclusions: In a population with little formal education, there was positive correlation between IPSS and VPSS, with inherent recognition best for weak stream and worst for QoL images. Increased image clarity and an additional image for urgency will enhance the global utility of the VPSS for men to report symptoms of LUTS.

Professional Growth and Development

2015 ◽  
pp. 165-181
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this chapter is to explore why a medical professional's career is one of lifelong learning and growth. Even after the period of formal education is over, continuous development and maintenance of skills is essential. Along with this, attention is also directed towards the improvement of health care services at the individual and general levels.

scholarly journals Phenoconversion of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia D. Klomp ◽  
Martijn L. Manson ◽  
Henk-Jan Guchelaar ◽  
Jesse J. Swen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Genotype Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cancer And Inflammation ◽  
The Impact

Phenoconversion is the mismatch between the individual’s genotype-based prediction of drug metabolism and the true capacity to metabolize drugs due to nongenetic factors. While the concept of phenoconversion has been described in narrative reviews, no systematic review is available. A systematic review was conducted to investigate factors contributing to phenoconversion and the impact on cytochrome P450 metabolism. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated in this review, of which 14 demonstrate phenoconversion for a specific genotype group. Phenoconversion into a lower metabolizer phenotype was reported for concomitant use of CYP450-inhibiting drugs, increasing age, cancer, and inflammation. Phenoconversion into a higher metabolizer phenotype was reported for concomitant use of CYP450 inducers and smoking. Moreover, alcohol, pregnancy, and vitamin D exposure are factors where study data suggested phenoconversion. The studies reported genotype–phenotype discrepancies, but the impact of phenoconversion on the effectiveness and toxicity in the clinical setting remains unclear. In conclusion, phenoconversion is caused by both extrinsic factors and patient- and disease-related factors. The mechanism(s) behind and the extent to which CYP450 metabolism is affected remain unexplored. If studied more comprehensively, accounting for phenoconversion may help to improve our ability to predict the individual CYP450 metabolism and personalize drug treatment.

scholarly journals The Applicability of N: Ancient Debates and Modern Experimental Design

Healthcare ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine van Schaik
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Generalized Knowledge ◽  
The Individual

Medicine has always been characterized by a tension between the particular and the general. A clinician is obligated to treat the individual in front of her, yet she accomplishes this task by applying generalized knowledge that describes an abstract average but not necessarily a specific person. Efforts to systematize this process of moving between the particular and the general have led to the development of randomized controlled trials and large observational studies. Inclusion of tens of thousands of people in such studies, it is argued, will enhance the applicability of the data to more individual circumstances. Yet, as genetic sequencing data have become more widely obtained and used, there has been an increased focus on what has been broadly termed “precision medicine”, a highly individualized approach to therapeutics. Moreover, advances in statistical methods have enabled researchers to use N-of-1 study data—traditionally considered too individualized to be broadly applicable—in new ways. This paper contextualizes these apparently modern debates with reference to historical arguments about methods of disease diagnosis and treatment, and earlier physicians’ concerns about the tension between the particular and the general that is intrinsic to medical practice.

Pyrolysis-GC/MS and TGA as Tools for Characterizing Blends of SBR and NBR

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie R. Shield ◽  
Ghebrehiwet N. Ghebremeskel ◽  
Cebron Hendrix
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Blend Composition ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Blend Ratios ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Technological Interest

Abstract There is increased technological interest to use blends of various dissimilar elastomers in applications for which service, material availability, or cost of a single elastomer do not provide the necessary processing, vulcanizate, or economic properties. Properties of polyblends are sensitive to variations in the amounts of the individual polymers used. Therefore, there is a need for developing a variety of analytical tools that will enable the compounder to monitor the consistency of blend compositions. In this study, the feasibility of using pyrolysis-GC/MS and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to estimate the blend composition of SBR/NBR blends was investigated. Pyrolysis-GC/MS degradation products that are characteristic of each polymer were identified. The GC/MS peak areas were used to determine the blend composition. The blend compositions were estimated by TGA from the linear correlation between the polymer composition and the temperature required to pyrolyze a sample to a specific “% weight loss.” The results obtained by pyrolysis-GC/MS and TGA were compared to calculated blend ratios of SBR/NBR in order to estimate the accuracy of the test methods presented in this study.

Learning film production

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Bunting ◽  
Margaretha Herrman ◽  
Marita Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contribute knowledge about learning linked to the film industry by investigating how film producers reason about learning for and in the profession. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on semi-structured interviews with 20 film producers, both university and workplace trained (UWT) and workplace trained (WT). The content analysis is based on the transcribed dialogues. The study is empirical, explorative and qualitative. Findings – The interviewees consider networks to be of utmost importance for gaining entrance to and continuously finding work in the film industry. They also reason about required knowing and what learning practices are available. Although formal education is not advocated by all, it can hold intrinsic value for the individual. Traditions of learning are being scrutinized, and critical reflection is replacing naivety and emotionality. Practical implications – Different aims regarding learning in the formal education system and film industry result in a gap which needs to be bridged to challenge conserving and reproducing patterns of learning. Collaboration is suggested as a solution benefiting both the individual learner and the film industry. The resulting knowledge from this study can thus be used by the formal education system and the film industry when developing forms for collaboration surrounding learners of film production. Originality/value – The focus presented in this paper of learning in and for film production has been sparingly addressed in previous research.

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