scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN KONSENTRASI TBP : D2EHPA DAN KONSENTRASI PENGEMBAN DALAM FASAORGANIK PADA EKSTRAKSI PERAK DARI LIMBAH FOTO ROENTGEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Novita Rusmayanti Andika Putri ◽  
Yeti Kurniasih ◽  
Ahmadi Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Silver Metal ◽  
Optimum Water ◽  
Percent Extraction

Photo roentgen used for examination of internal organs can produce wastes that are harmful to health and the environment because they containing silver metal ion(Ag+) inform of silver thiosulfate complex ([Ag(S2O3)2]-3). Therefore it was necessary for the separation of Ag metal so that the metal does not pollute the environment and can be used economically. One way to separate the metal Ag is by solvent extraction techniques. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration ratio of TBP:D2EHPA and carrier compound concentration in the organic phase of the percent extraction of silver metal then applied to the sample photo roentgen waste. Extraction of the metals Ag done by varying the ratio of the combined carrier concentration of TBP and D2EHPA in kerosene by concentration ratio was 0: 1; 0.25: 0.75; 0.5: 0.5; 0.75: 0.25 and 1: 0 M as well as by varying the carrier concentration in the organic phase ranging from 0 M; 0.5 M; 1 M and 1.5 M. Measuring the concentration of metal ions Ag+in water phase before and after extraction was determined by atomic absorptionspectrophotometer (AAS) at a wavelength of 328,22 nm then calculated percent extraction. Based on the research that obtained the highest percent extraction on single used carrier compounds and compound concentration carrier D2EHPA in optimum water was 0.5 M with 58.22% percent extraction. Applications optimum conditions to the extraction of silver metal obtained from photo roentgenwaste percent extraction was 10.27%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN VOLUME FASA AIRDENGAN FASA ORGANIK DAN KONSENTRASI AgDALAMFASA AIR PADA EKSTRAKSI PERAKDARI LIMBAH FOTO ROENTGEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Minasari Minasari ◽  
Yeti Kurniasih ◽  
Ahmadi Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Phase Ratio ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Extraction Percentage ◽  
Silver Extraction ◽  
Silver Metal

Roentgen photo waste containing silver metal ion (Ag+) in form of silver thiosulfic complex ([Ag(S2O3)2]3-) that danger for health and environment. To prevent contamination to environment by silver metal from roentgen photo waste, separation become need to do. Solvent extraction was one of available separation technique on this case. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of few extraction parameters that was water-organic phase ratio and Ag concentration on water phase to silver extraction percentage, and apply optimum condition to roentgen photo waste sample. Silver extraction was applied on various water-organic phase ratios, there were 5 : 10; 10 : 10; 25 : 10; 50 : 10; and 75 : 10 mL and various silver concentration on water phase, there were 10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm. Ag+ ion concentration was measured by AAS in 328.22 nm wavelength before and after extraction process, than calculation of silver extraction percentage could be conducted. Based on research result, optimum condition of silver extraction was obtained on 1 : 2 of water-organic phase ratio and 10 ppm of Ag concentration on water phase. 10,27 % silver extraction was obtained on application of optimum extraction condition on roentgen photo waste.

Effect of Cu doping on the electrical Properties of ZnTe by Vacuum Thermal Evaporation

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Sarmad M. M. Ali ◽  
Alia A.A. Shehab ◽  
Samir A. Maki
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Hall Mobility ◽  
Cu Doping ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hall Effect Measurements ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
P Type

In this study, the ZnTe thin films were deposited on a glass substrate at a thickness of 400nm using vacuum evaporation technique (2×10-5mbar) at RT. Electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been investigated as a function of variation of the doping ratios (3,5,7%) of the Cu element on the thin ZnTe films. The temperature range of (25-200°C) is to record the electrical conductivity values. The results of the films have two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers with two values of activation energy (Ea1, Ea2), expect 3% Cu. The activation energy (Ea1) increased from 29meV to 157meV before and after doping (Cu at 5%) respectively. The results of Hall effect measurements of ZnTe , ZnTe:Cu films show that all films were (p-type), the carrier concentration (1.1×1020 m-3) , Hall mobility (0.464m2/V.s) for pure ZnTe film, increases the carrier concentration (6.3×1021m-3) Hall mobility (2m2/V.s) for doping (Cu at 3%) film, but  decreases by increasing Cu concentration.

Preparation and Microanalysis Study of Nano-Hap/Cs-Chs Composites Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man De Qiu ◽  
Xiao Yan Wang ◽  
Yong Qing Zhai ◽  
Zi Hua Yao
Keyword(s):  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Co Precipitation

Nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan-chondroitin sulfate composites materials with different weight ratios were prepared through liquid co-precipitation method. The nano-Hap、Hap/Cs and Hap/Cs-Chs composites materials under the same conditions preparation materials were researched By XRD, SEM and EDS respectively. The results show that nano-Hap particles with poorly crystallinity, the size is about 20nm, nano-Hap particles are spherical in sHape and dispersed uniformly, combined with relatively loose between particles, the small nano-particles aggregate into larger particles when the Hap composite with the Cs and Chs, nano-Hap were dispersed uniformly in the organic phase Cs and Chs, Hap particles have the trend to grow large in composites materials,crystal become more perfect, combination become relatively dense between particles, The composites materials were annealed at 700°C,Hap crystal particles become more perfect clear and larger with relatively loose between particles.EDS analysis showed that the compound before and after annealing of the material ratio of calcium had no influence, material does not contain any impurities,The ratio of calcium and phosphorus is about 1.75:1,Hap belonging to the type of calcium-rich

scholarly journals IMMOBILIZATION OF Saccharomycess cereviceae BIOMASS ON CHITOSAN AND ITS APPLICATION AS AN ADSORBENT FOR Pb(II) ION

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasri Hasri ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir ◽  
Nurul Hidayat Aprilita ◽  
Roto Roto
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Adsorption Experiment ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

An application of Saccharomycess cereviceae biomass immobilized on chitosan (SC-Chi adsorbent) for Pb(II) ion removal was demonstrated. Adsorption experiment was conducted at various mass ratio of Saccharomycess cereviceae biomass to chitosan, contact time, pH of solution and concentration of cation. Total Pb(II) metal ion adsorbed was calculated from the difference of the amount of metal ion before and after adsorption which was measured by AAS. The results showed that optimum condition for adsorption of Pb(II) ion by the SC-Chi was achieved using mass ratio of Saccharomycess cereviceae to chitosan of 50% (w/w), pH solution of 7, contact time of 60 min and concentration of 25 mgL-1. The hydroxyl (-OH) and amino (-NH2) functional groups are believed to be responsible for the adsorption of Pb(II) ion by the adsorbent.

scholarly journals Effect of Reaction Temperature on Adsorption Efficiency using Computer Mathematical Statistics Visible Spectorphotometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (3) ◽  
pp. 032072
Author(s):  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Ruiting Li
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Absorption Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Measurement Experiment ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Abstract In this paper, waste shrimp shells extracted from the head of the chitosan material; static adsorption experiments manner by wastewater containing Fe(III) added chitosan, vis spectrophotometer absorbance before and after the measurement experiment was obtained by reacting the size of the metal ion concentration, adsorption conditions whereby chitosan Fe(III) and the ability to explore. Experiments show that. In the case where the reaction temperature is less than 55°C, chitosan has adsorption rate Fe(III) smaller rise, the optimum temperature was 55°C, but the effects on the reaction temperature adsorption rate is not large; Adsorption when control time 30 min to 50 min, the absorption effect is increased with increase in the time, to reach the optimal reaction time 50 min.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Effects of Virus Block, Which Contains Multiple Polyoxometalate Compounds, and Hygienic Effects of Virus Block-Supplemented Moist Hand Towels

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Dan ◽  
Naohiro Katoh ◽  
Takaaki Matsuoka ◽  
Katsuyuki Fujinami
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Bacterial Flora

Background: Historical evidence has verified the multifaceted antiviral efficacy of polyoxometalates (PMs). Methods: We carried out a study to investigate the antimicrobial effects of each of the 5 substances comprising virus block (VB): 3 PMs that have antibacterial and antiviral activity, an antibiotic agent, and an antibacterial agent. We also investigated the effectiveness of the addition of VB to moist hand towels in a study involving 120 volunteers. The time-dependent changes in metal ion concentrations in aqueous VB solution were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results: The metal elements in the aqueous VB solution remained stable for 12 weeks without undergoing time-dependent changes. Discussion: Further investigations were performed to study hand hygiene using moist hand towels in daily life settings. To this end, 120 volunteers provided 240 specimens that were used to investigate the presence of antibacterial compounds on the volunteers’ hands before and after hand towel use. An aliquot of each specimen was suspended in phosphate-buffered saline and plated on agar media, and the number of colonies formed was counted. Normal bacterial flora found on the hands of the volunteers was investigated before and after the use of 4 different moist hand towels. Conclusions: The effects of VB and PMs were superior to those of commercial moist hand towels, indicating that effective data were obtained that may be useful for the practical application of the tested items.

EFFECT OF METAL IONS ON PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF TiO2 FILM PREPARED BY MICRO-ARC OXIDATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950093
Author(s):  
ZHONGCAI SHAO ◽  
YONGHUI CUI ◽  
XIAODAN LI ◽  
LINA YU ◽  
XIAOYI SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
Transition Element ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Surface Scanning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Micro Arc Oxidation ◽  
New Phase

The effect of different metal ions on the photocatalytic property of TiO2 film prepared by micro-arc oxidation was studied. Photocatalytic experiments showed that the impregnation of metal ions increased the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2. The increase of transition element Fe[Formula: see text] and the rare earth element Dy[Formula: see text] is more obvious, and the optimum concentration is 0.1[Formula: see text]mol/L. The SEM results showed that there was no significant change on the surface of TiO2 film before and after metal ion immersion. The results of EDS surface scanning showed that Fe and Dy elements were uniformly distributed on the surface of TiO2 film after metal ion impregnation, and the deposition amounts were 0.81% and 3.39%, respectively. XRD results showed that a new phase was formed in Fe[Formula: see text]-impregnated TiO2, which could improve the photocatalytic efficiency.

Investigation of the Properties of Electrochemically Deposited Semiconductor Materials for Thermoelectric Applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-K. Huang ◽  
J.A. Herman ◽  
N. Myung ◽  
J. R. Lim ◽  
J.-P. Fleurial
Keyword(s):  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
P Type

ABSTRACTAt JPL, it is our desire to fabricate thermoelectric micro-devices for power generation and cooling applications using an electrochemical deposition (ECD) technique. We believe that the performance of our current micro-device developed is limited by the properties of the ECD materials. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop ECD methods for obtaining n-type Bi2Te3 and p-type Bi2-xSbxTe3 thermoelectric materials with near bulk properties, as well as optimizing morphology and transport properties. The films of Bi2Te3 and Bi2-xSbxTe3 were initially obtained under various ECD conditions. Seebeck coefficients and transport properties were then measured along the direction parallel to the substrates before and after annealing at 250°C for 2hrs. From the data obtained, ECD n-Bi2Te3 material can achieve a high Seebeck coefficient (-189 μV/K) when it is deposited at –200 mV vs. SCE. The in-plane resistivity, in-plane mobility, and carrier concentration are 3.0 mohm-cm, 31 cm2 V−1 S−1, and 6.79 × 1019 cm−3, respectively. As for the p-type Bi2-xSbxTe3, it is possible to achieve a high Seebeck coefficient (+295 μV/K) when it is deposited at 0.3 mA/cm2. The in-plane resistivity, in-plane mobility, and carrier concentration are 9.8374 mohm-cm, 66.58 cm2 V−1 S−1, and 9.54 × 1018 cm−3, respectively. From the results of our preliminary study, we have found the conditions for depositing high quality Bi2Te3 and Bi2-xSbxTe3 materials with thermoelectric properties comparable to those of their state-of-the-art bulk samples.

Determination of Free Metal Ion Concentrations Using Bioassays

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Borgmann
Keyword(s):  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Complexing Capacity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion

A procedure was developed by which free metal ion concentrations, toxic to aquatic life, can be calculated by comparing metal toxicity before and after addition of a complexing agent of known complexing capacity. Application of this method suggests that the growth of freshwater copepods is affected at free copper concentrations around 10−10 to 10−9 mol∙L−1. In natural waters, with unidentified ligands of unknown complexing ability, this procedure provides the only method currently available for estimating free metal concentrations at the low levels often causing sublethal toxicity to aquatic organisms.Key words: metal toxicity, complexation, free metal, copepods, copper

scholarly journals Rearing broiler chickens under monochromatic blue light improve performance and reduce fear and stress during pre-slaughter handling and transportation

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Mohamed ◽  
M.M. Eltholth ◽  
N.R. El-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of monochromatic light on broiler performance, fear and stress response during pre-slaughter handling and transportation. Two thousand unsexed one-day old Cobb broiler chicks were used. At day 34, two hundreds broilers of similar live body weight were selected and divided into two equal groups (2 group x 5 replicates). Broilers were reared under white light (WL) from 0-34 day. From 35 to 49 day, the first group was reared under WL and the second group under blue light (BL). Final body weight (FBW), tonic immobility reactions (TI), respiratory rate (RR), heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L) ratio and interlukien-1? (IL-1?) were estimated at day 49 before and after transportation. After transportation, weight of internal organs (liver, spleen, heart and bursa of fabricius) as a percentage of FBW was calculated. Results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in FBW and reduced weight loss due to transportation in broilers reared under BL. In broilers reared under BL: TI duration, RR, H/L ratio, IL-1? and weight of internal organs (except the heart) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower. The interaction effect of light and transportation on TI duration, RR, lymphocytes, H/L ratio and IL-1? were significant (P < 0.05). Therefore, it is suggested that BL may be a good tool for improving welfare and mitigating stress not only in pre-slaughter handling but also during transportation of broilers.

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