scholarly journals Rearing broiler chickens under monochromatic blue light improve performance and reduce fear and stress during pre-slaughter handling and transportation

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Mohamed ◽  
M.M. Eltholth ◽  
N.R. El-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of monochromatic light on broiler performance, fear and stress response during pre-slaughter handling and transportation. Two thousand unsexed one-day old Cobb broiler chicks were used. At day 34, two hundreds broilers of similar live body weight were selected and divided into two equal groups (2 group x 5 replicates). Broilers were reared under white light (WL) from 0-34 day. From 35 to 49 day, the first group was reared under WL and the second group under blue light (BL). Final body weight (FBW), tonic immobility reactions (TI), respiratory rate (RR), heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L) ratio and interlukien-1? (IL-1?) were estimated at day 49 before and after transportation. After transportation, weight of internal organs (liver, spleen, heart and bursa of fabricius) as a percentage of FBW was calculated. Results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in FBW and reduced weight loss due to transportation in broilers reared under BL. In broilers reared under BL: TI duration, RR, H/L ratio, IL-1? and weight of internal organs (except the heart) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower. The interaction effect of light and transportation on TI duration, RR, lymphocytes, H/L ratio and IL-1? were significant (P < 0.05). Therefore, it is suggested that BL may be a good tool for improving welfare and mitigating stress not only in pre-slaughter handling but also during transportation of broilers.

scholarly journals Dietary supplementation of dried plum: a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Wasti ◽  
Nirvay Sah ◽  
Amit K. Singh ◽  
Chin N. Lee ◽  
Rajesh Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract Background Heat stress is a significant problem in the poultry industry, causing a severe economic loss due to its detrimental effects on chickens’ health and performance. Dried plum (DP) is a good source of minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, and phenolic compounds. Studies have suggested that DP has several health benefits, such as maintaining the body’s redox system, immune status, and calcium hemostasis. Based on the health benefits of DP, we hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of DP would alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on broiler chickens. Results To test the hypothesis, day-old broiler chicks (n = 72) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups (n = 24/group): no heat stress (NHS), heat stress (HS), and heat stress with dried plum (HS + DP), and reared under standard conditions. The inclusion of 2.5% DP in the feed of the HS + DP group was made during the treatment period, while birds in other groups were provided with a standard finisher diet. After 21 days, birds in the HS and HS + DP groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress conditions (33 °C for 8 h during daytime) for 3 weeks, while those in the NHS group were reared under normal conditions (22–24 °C). Weekly body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight, ADG, ADFI, and increased FCR compared to the NHS group, whereas dietary supplementation of DP significantly improved these growth performance parameters compared to the HS group. Furthermore, supplementation of DP significantly increased the expression of heat shock protein-related genes (HSF1, HSF3, HSP70, and HSP90), antioxidant-related genes (SOD1, SOD2, GPX1, GPX3, PRDX1, and TXN), tight junction-related genes (CLDN1, and OCLN), and immune-related genes (IL4, MUC2) in the ileum as compared to the HS group. The microbiota analysis showed significant enrichment of Bacillales, Christensenellaceae, Bacillaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Anaerotruncus in heat-stressed birds supplemented with DP as compared to the HS group. Further, DP supplementation also significantly increased the concentration of acetate, propionate, and total VFA in the cecal digesta of the HS + DP group as compared to the HS group. Conclusion These findings suggest that DP supplementation effectively improved the growth performances and gut health parameters in the heat-stressed birds. Thus, dried plum can be a potential feed supplement to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens.

Effects of a semi-intensive raising system on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chicks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafettin Kaya ◽  
Hakan Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract The present study was carried out to compare the growth performance and carcass yield of broiler chickens reared in semi-intensive and conventional systems (Ross 308, n=120). Chickens were raised in a pen on wooden shavings for 21 days. On day 21 of age, chicks were assigned to 2 treatments (indoor treatment and semi-intensive treatment). The experiment was conducted at until 6 weeks of age. Production system has a significant effect on wing (P less than 0.05) and heart weight (P less than 0.01), but has no any effect on final body weight, hot or cold carcass weight, thigh, breast, back and neck, gizzard, liver and abdominal fat weights (P>0.05).  The final body weight, hot and cold carcass weight, thigh, wings and heart weights were affected by sex of birds (p less than 0.05) while breast, back, liver, gizzard and abdominal fat were not affected by sex (P>0.05). The nutrient level of carcass parts was not influenced by production system or sex (P>0.05). In our study, breast of birds reared under semi-intensive system had significantly lower ‘L’ (P less than 0.05), higher ‘a’ statistically different (P less than 0.01); while ‘b’ value was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher in skin of semi-intensive reared birds

Response of broiler chickens fed single straight diet fortified with fish meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
C. N. Okocha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance, cut parts characteristics and organ proportions of broiler chickens fed single straight diet fortified with fish meal. The basal diet was augmented with fishmeal to take the crude protein from 22% to 28%. One hundred and twenty day-old broiler chicks were used in this study which lasted for six weeks. The birds were randomly distributed into 4 treatments (T , T , T and T ) that were replicated hree times with 10 birds per replicate. The replicate T , T , T and T had different inclusion ate of crude protein which were 22%, 24%, 26% and 28% all with an energy level of 2900kcal/kg. Parameters measured were the initial body weight, final body weight, values calculated include average daily feed intake, average body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. There were no significant differences observed in all the growth parameters measured. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in the cut parts characteristics and internal organ proportions measured. Taking all the parameters measured into consideration it suggests that in this single straight diet for broiler chicken, there were no adverse effects on their growth performance. Therefore, the four treatment diets were good enough to give body weight in the range of 2-2.5kg that resulted in dressed carcass weight of 1.35-1.5kg, a range of weight that the fast food lines desire.

scholarly journals Prenatal effects of red and blue light on physiological and behavioural parameters of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Drozdová ◽  
Zuzana Kaňková ◽  
Boris Bilčík ◽  
Michal Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Prenatal Effects

Light during incubation can influence embryonic and postembryonic development of chickens, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that red and blue lights during incubation had opposite effects on the development of embryonic melatonin biosynthesis; red light results in the highest and blue light in the lowest amplitude of the daily rhythm. Therefore, in this study, we investigated if exposure to monochromatic red (632 nm) and blue (463 nm) light during incubation can differently influence growth, selected biochemical (glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerols) and endocrine (corticosterone and thyroid hormones) traits and behavioural parameters during postembryonic development in broiler chickens. For analysis, we used 10 and 11 hatchlings incubated in red and blue light, respectively and 10 birds per each group (six males and four females) in 3-weeks-old broilers. During the rapid growth phase (days 18, 20 and 21 of age), higher body weight was recorded in broilers incubated under red compared to blue light, whereas endocrine and metabolic traits did not differ between the treatments. The improved growth rate was related to behavioural traits, mainly because chickens incubated in red light exhibited more passive (resting, standing, preening, dust bathing) and less active behaviours (walking, foraging, fighting, wing-flapping) than the blue-light incubated birds. The time spent for eating and drinking and the results of the tonic immobility test did not differ between both groups. Our results suggest that red and blue monochromatic light during incubation can differently program the postembryonic development of broilers, with possible consequences for their growth and welfare.

scholarly journals Performance of broiler chickens fed diet containing fermented maize milling waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Inclusion Level

Several efforts are being made to find the possibilities of utilizing agro-industrial by products in poultry nutrition. The deployment of maize milling waste for feeding broilers has a promise for reducing its nuisance value, yet enhancing the feeding of broilers. An eight weeks' study was carried out with 108 day-old Anak broiler chicks, to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed diet containing maize milling waste as a replacement for maize. Maize milling waste was analyzed for its proximate composition. It was then used in formulating starter and finisher broiler diets at 0.0%, 10%, 30%, 50% dietary levels. The formulated diet was fed to the chicks in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment. The parameters evaluated were the initial body weight, final body weight, average feed intake, feed conversion ratio. The results obtained indicated that broiler chicks on 0.0% maize milling waste recorded the highest weight gain and feed conversion ratio followed by birds on 10% maize milling waste inclusion level. The feed intake of birds increased as the level of replacement increased. Birds on 50% milling waste had the highest feed intake which was significantly different (P<0.05) from the other treatment diets. From the results of this study, the growth performance in diet 1 (0.0%) maize milling waste inclusion level was superior to others, followed by diet 2 (10%) inclusion level. Therefore, for efficient utilization and without deleterious effects, 10% inclusion level of maize milling waste should be used in feed formulation.

scholarly journals GHRELIN GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND EXPRESSION BOND WITH SOME GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS OF ROSS 308 BROILER CHICKENS

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joody & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ghrelin Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp

This experiment was conducted to study the association of Ghrelin gene polymorphisms and expression levels with some productive and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Two hundred broiler chicks, one day old Ross308, were wing-tagged and reared under conventional conditions. Blood samples were collected individually of all birds to study of ghrelin gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique. Proventriculus was collected at 35 days of age from thirty birds of each groups sorted according to high, moderate and low growth rate to measure ghrelin gene expression by real-time RT-PCR. Result revealed that final body weight and weight gain were not significantly influenced by ghrelin gene , whereas body weight and weight gain of males and females with high ghrelin gene expression were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of moderate and low ghrelin gene expression at  21 and 35 days of age. Ghrelin gene polymorphisms had no    significant (p>0.05) influence on carcass traits and edible organ weights, while significant (P < 0.01) differences were existed among high, moderate and low ghrelin gene expression groups  in carcass weight, breast, wing, neck and back relative weights. It is concluded that PCR- RFLP technique revealed no  significant effect for ghrelin gene polymorphisms on productive and carcass traits, whereas ghrelin gene expression had significant effect on productive traits.

scholarly journals Effect of Maxigrain® enzyme supplementation of dietary brewers dried grain on the performance, digestibility and economic of production of starter broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
E. O. Aku ◽  
C. D. Uleun ◽  
F. G. Kaankuka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

Two hundred and forty Arbor Acre strain day old chicks were used to determine the effect of Maxigrain® enzyme fortification of dietary brewers dried grains (BDG). Eight groups of 30 birds each were fed four diets that contain 0, 5, 10 and 15 % BDG with or without Maxigrain in a 2x4 factorial arrangement. The research lasted for 28 days during which data were collected on performance, nutrient utilization and production cost. Significant (P<0.05) increased was observed in average final body weight, body weight gain and feed intake as dietary BDG increased. However, this effect was higher when enzyme was added to BDG respectively. Increasing the BDG from 0 – 15 % significantly (P<0.05) reduced cost of feed consumed and increased feed cost with enzyme addition. The reversed trend was observed with cost per kg gain of broiler chicks fed BDG with enzyme supplementation. Birds fed BDG with enzyme had significantly (P<0.05) better nutrient utilization than their counterpart group. It can be concluded that the incorporation of up to 15 % BDG with 100 mg/kg Maxigrain® supplementation enhanced performance and economics of production

scholarly journals Growth performance and haematological profile of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme (bio-enzyme)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
F. U. Udeh ◽  
S. U. Ilo ◽  
V. C. Udeh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and haematological profiles of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme (Bio-enzyme). One hundred and twenty, one day-old broiler chicks of Agrited strain were used for the study. The birds were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained 30 birds replicated three times to contain 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design experiment. The four dietary treatments were T1 Control (no probiotics and enzyme), T2 (had both probiotics and enzyme), T3 (probiotics only) and T4 (Enzyme only). The birds were given feed and water ad-libitum and the quantity of feed consumed each day was determined through weigh back techniques while the birds were weighed weekly throughout the experimental period. The experiment lasted eight weeks. The results showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the final body weight, total weight gain, average daily weight gain, total feed intake, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Chickens on treatment 2 had the highest final body weight of 3011.57g and performed better than chickens in other dietary treatments. Similar trend was observed in the haematological profile as treatment two were highest in value across the treatments and parameters measured except in packed cell volume where the highest value (36.33 %) was recorded in treatment 4. It was concluded from the study that treatment two which contained both probiotics and enzyme performed better and thus, recommended to farmers for broiler production.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Duodenal Histomorphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Supplemented with Cinnamon Bark Powder at Prestarter and Starter Phases

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Qaid ◽  
Saud I. Al-Mufarrej ◽  
Mahmoud M. Azzam ◽  
Maged A. Al-Garadi ◽  
Hani H. Albaadani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Maximum Improvement

Ross 308 broiler chicks (n = 240) aged 1 day were assigned to five groups for eight replicates (six chicks for each) (3♂ and 3♀). Basal dietary groups were supplemented by 2000, 4000, and 6000 mg/kg cinnamon (CN) for 21 days. Basal diet alone was used as a negative control, and basal antibiotic diet (Colimox) was used as a positive control. At 10, 14, and 21 days of age, chicks that received 2000 mg CN and Colimox had a higher body weight, resulting in an increase in body weight gain. CN also resulted in the maximum improvement in the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency over 1–21 days at the level of 2000 mg/kg. At days 10, the maximum relative breast weight was 2000 mg/kg of CN. Mean serum albumin concentrations, duodenal villus height, and goblet cell density increased (p < 0.05) by 2000 mg/kg of CN, and mean serum globulin and total protein concentrations and crypt depth increased (p < 0.05) by 6000 mg/kg of CN compared with control. Increased cecal Escherichia coli number was CN dose-dependent. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 2000 mg/kg CN can be applied as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for broiler starter diet.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Performa dan Income Over Feed & Chick Cost (IOFCC) Tiga Strain Ayam Broiler yang Beredar di Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfan Zulfan ◽  
Zulfikar Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa tiga strain ayam broiler yang umumnya dipelihara di Aceh. Materi yang digunakan adalah 150 ekor anak ayam broiler (DOC) strain Cobb 500, CP 707, dan MB 202 masing-masing berjumlah 50 ekor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Setiap ulangan merupakan unit percobaan yang masing-masing terdiri dari 10 ekor anak ayam. Perlakuan adalah tiga strain ayam broiler: Cobb 500 (P1), CP 707 (P2), dan MB 202 (P3). Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertambahan berat badan, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum (FCR), mortalitas, dan Income over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan performa broiler dipengaruhi oleh jenis strain. Strain MB 202 dan CP 707 memiliki bobot badan akhir (6 minggu) dan konsumsi ransum nyata (P0,05) lebih tinggi daripada Cobb 500. Angka konversi ransum tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata antara ketiga strain pada semua umur panen. Nilai IOFCC tertinggi dipengaruhi oleh jenis strain dan lama pemeliharaan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa performa broiler dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan adaptasi strain terhadap iklim setempat (pesisir Aceh) pada periode berbeda-beda yang dapat memengaruhi tingkat keuntungannya. Strain Cobb 500 memiliki kemampuan adaptasi lebih baik selama periode awal, sedangkan CP 707 dan MB 202 selama periode akhir. (Evaluation of performances and income over feed chick cost (iofcc) of three broiler chicken strains commonly marketed in Aceh) ABSTRACT. The study aimed to evaluate the performances and Income over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC) of three broiler chicken strains commonly marketed in Aceh. As many as 150 chicks of three different broiler strains (50 birds each) were used in this study. The study was performed into Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consists of 3 treatments and 5 replications creating 15 experimental units containing 10 birds each. The treatments were 3 different strains of broiler chickens i.e. Cobb 500, CP 707, and MB 202. The birds were reared up to 6 weeks to expose their performances recorded as final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion, as well as mortality. Economic value was evaluated by calculating IOFCC. Results of study showed that performances of broilers were significantly (P0,05) influenced by the strains. Strains MB 202 and CP 707 represented more superior than Cobb 500 for 5−6 weeks of raising periods. However, the later was not inferior during initial phase close to 4 weeks. There were no significant differences in FCR among all strains for different ages. The IOFCC related to the strains and their marketing ages. The highest IOFCC was obtained by Cobb 500, CP 707, and MB 202 as they were sold at the ages of 4, 5, and 6 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, the achievements of the performances in various broiler strains were affected by the site climate (Aceh) in different stages of their ages. Cobb 500 had proper adaptation during starter, while CP 707 and MB 202 appeared seem to be better than Cobb 500 during finisher period.

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