scholarly journals Pengaruh Waktu Adsorpsi Minyak Jelantah Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Biodiesel Dengan Tanah Liat Terhadap Kualitas Biodiesel

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Ahmadi Ahmadi ◽  
Ika Suyanti ◽  
Sri Astuti Tikrahsari ◽  
Miftahul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Fuel

Population growth and industrial development cause oil fuel consumptionincreases, so availability will thinning because it cannot be renewed. So toovercome that the government issued Presidential Decree No.10 of 2006concerning Development of Vegetable Fuels. Biodiesel is one of themrenewable alternative energy sources which are processed from vegetable oilswith use alcohol and NaOH as catalysts through the transesterificationprocess. Used cooking oil is one source of vegetable oil that can used as rawmaterial for making biodiesel through the process transesterification. But theuse of used cooking oil directly without through the adsorption process willaffect the quality of the biodiesel produced. The purpose of this study is todetermine the effect of adsorption time used cooking oil for the quality ofbiodiesel produced from used cooking oil. This research aimed to know thereis or no effect of odsorption time of cooking oil using the clay towardsbiodiesel quality. Object of this research used cooking oil which is adsorptedwith varieties time of adsorption was 0 hour (Control), 12 hours, 36 hoursand 48 hours. Based on the result of research showed that adsorption timehas effect towards quality, where high adsorption time was 12 hours. Qualityof biodiesel has been suitable with SNI. The quality was dencity 0,860 gr/cm3,water degree 0,035% vol, flame coordinate 170oC and acid number 0,71 mgKOH/g oil % the result of biodiesel 55,29%.

PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BIJI BUAH NYAMPLUNG (Calophylum inophylum L.) TERHADAP RENDEMEN MINYAK BIJI BUAH NYAMPLUNG

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Noor Mirad Sari
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Oil Fuel

Indonesia which is a net-exporter in of fuel oil has turn become a net importer of oil since 2009. It is ironic because it occurs at the world's oil price is unstable and tends to increase. It is time for Indonesia to develop alternative energy sources and bio-diesel oil from the seeds of  nyamplung (Calophylum inophylum L.). The purpose of this researh was to determine the magnitude of the yield of oil from the seeds of the produced by the level of maturity. The raw and the riped yamplung seeds was used in this research. The results showed that the yield of oil in ripe seed is 24.01% and the raw one is 19.17% . Acid number and iodine number of oil based on the average maturity are 37.51 g / ml and 3094.14 g / ml for the ripe fruit, and 37.18 g / ml and 3421.32 g / ml for the raw fruit.Keywords: nyamplung, maturity, yield, oil, fuel.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERSENTASE BIODIESEL MINYAK JELANTAH - SOLAR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEMBAKARAN DROPLET

INFO-TEKNIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Andy Nugraha ◽  
Muhammad Nizar Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ignition Delay Time ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Used Cooking Oil

Fossil fuels need to be replaced with alternative energy sources such as household waste, used cooking oil. This research utilizes household waste such as used cooking oil as an alternative fuel. In this research biodiesel used waste cooking oil mixed with diesel with a percentage of 50%: 50%, 60%: 40%, 70%: 30%, 80%: 20%, and 90%: 10%. The mixture of waste cooking oil and diesel biodiesel was then made into a 1 mm droplet grain, then a droplet combustion test was carried out. The test results show that the value of ignition delay time increases with increasing percentage of biodiesel used waste cooking oil. The burning rate value increases with the increase in the percentage of used waste cooking oil biodiesel. The temperature value increases with the increasing percentage of biodiesel used waste cooking oil. The maximum fire height value that can be achieved decreases with increasing percentage of used waste cooking oil biodiesel.

SEPARATE PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ievgenii Shulga ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Shynkaruk ◽  
Nataliia Yashchuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The Government

The article examines topical problems of the role of international organizations in the direction of the development of alternative energy and strengthening of energy security in the world. Considerable attention is paid to the importance of the introduction and development of alternative energy in the context of ensuring environmental human rights and economic well-being. Analyzed the main international legal treaties regulating the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and the use of alternative renewable energy sources. The main international governmental and non-governmental organizations in the direction of ensuring environmental and energy security have been identified. Attention is drawn to the need to strengthen the role of these organizations by strengthening the functions of supervision and monitoring to increase the possibility of influencing states that do not comply with the provisions of signed and ratified international conventions. It is concluded that it is necessary to adjust the vector of development of instruments for the protection of environmental rights in the direction of its world globalization. The existing global concept for the development of alternative energy sources requires changes. Given that the environmental problem is universal and, although to one degree or another, it still affects every person, regardless of country or nationality, the obligation to protect the environment must be universal, fulfilled and enforced not only by the government bodies of sovereign states, but also international government organizations. It is noted that the programs and recommendations of international organizations are developed directly for individual states, taking into account their geographical and economic location when choosing the types and methods of developing alternative energy.

scholarly journals Certain economic instruments as a factor of realizing the potential of using alternative energy sources in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 05066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Ponomareva ◽  
Anna Zvereva ◽  
Ekaterina Golubtsova ◽  
Svetlana Ilyashenko ◽  
Gennady Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Favorable Conditions

With each passing year, the problem of using alternative energy sources is gaining increasing attention, since the energy of the sun, water and wind, unlike hydrocarbons, belongs to practically inexhaustible resources. Besides this, alternative energy sources are relatively environmentally friendly, so any country is interested in using them. One of the factors affecting the increase of energy generation from alternative sources is the legal regulation of this area by the government. In many foreign countries a number of conceptual, doctrinal and program documents are adopted and implemented, which are dealing with the use of renewable energy sources. In order to stimulate the use of alternative energy sources, the governments of some countries create favorable conditions for attracting investment in the development of this sector, which, further, not only creates new jobs, but also has a generally positive effect on the economy.

scholarly journals Alternative energy in Russia and Tatarstan: challenges and prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 05084
Author(s):  
Irek Salikhov ◽  
Vilora Avilova ◽  
Rashit Fazylov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The innovation in the energy sector involves the use of renewable resources and the transition to eco-energy, which requires a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages for the economically sound choice when deciding on the energy strategy for each region. The use of alternative energy sources in Russia and the world is analyzed, which brings us to a conclusion that Russia is currently in an intermediate position in this area. Measures are proposed in orderd to strengthen the government support for Eco energy. It is held that the development of solar energy will play the largest role in the innovative development of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article is devoted to the problems of solar energy in Russia and Tatarstan respectively, as well as to the prospects for its development based on the proposed legislative, investment, financial and organizational solutions. The article provides a methodology for the comprehensive and effective adaptation of foreign experience in the field of alternative energy and a roadmap for the implementation.

New Lubricant from Used Cooking Oil: Cyclic Ketal of Ethyl 9,10-Dihydroxyoctadecanoate

2017 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan ◽  
Muslih Anwar ◽  
Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Total Base

A new ketal cyclic from ethyl 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate with acetone had been synthesized by reflux and sonochemical method. The synthesis was performed via several steps of reaction, i.e.: transesterification, hydrolysis, oxidation with 1% KMnO4 in basic condition, esterification, and ketalization. The structures of the products were confirmed by FTIR, GC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectrometers. Direct transesterification of used cooking oil produced a mixture of ethyl ester in 82.94% yield meanwhile hydrolysis of this mixture gave free fatty acids mixture in 88.46% yield. Hydroxylation reaction of free fatty acids mixture yielded a white powder of 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid in 46.52% yield. Esterification of 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and ethanol catalyzed by sulfuric acid with reflux condition for 4 hours and sonochemical method, respectively yielded 90% and 93.8% of ethyl 9,10-dihydroxystearate. In the other side, the utilization of KSF montmorillonite as catalyst conducted with reflux gave 52% in yield of ester. Furthermore, the use of acetone in 45 minutes sonochemical method with montmorillonite KSF catalyst gave cyclic ketal (ethyl 8-(2,2-dimethyl-5-octyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)octanoate) as a yellow viscous liquid in 53.30% yield. From physicochemical properties –density, kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, total acid number, total base number and iodine value- gave the conclusion that this novel compound is potential biolubricant candidates to be developed.

scholarly journals Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah Kota Banda Aceh Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif (Biodiesel)

Elkawnie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliansyah Harahap ◽  
Yullia Yullia
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The City ◽  
Banda Aceh

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Banda Aceh, provinsi Aceh dengan mengambil sampel pada sejumlah restoran dan rumah makan berizin di Kota Banda Aceh. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data potensi limbah minyak jelantah yang dihasilkan dari restoran dan rumah makan di Kota Banda Aceh yang nantinya akan dipakai sebagai data awal dalam penentuan kebijakan pengelolaan limbah minyak jelantah sebagai sumber energi alternatif yaitu biodiesel. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dimana untuk mendapatkan jumlah potensi limbah minyak jelantah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode statistik dengan pengambilan sampel populasi secara acak. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkannya besaran jumlah potensi limbah minyak jelantah yang dihasilkan oleh sebanyak 52 restoran dan rumah makan berizin yang ada di kota Banda Aceh yaitu sebesar 184,956 liter per harinya.This research was conducted in the city of Banda Aceh, Aceh province by sampling a number of licensed restaurants in the city of Banda Aceh. The main objective of this study was to obtain data on the potential waste of used cooking oil from restaurants in the city of Banda Aceh which would later be used as preliminary data in determining the management policy of waste cooking oil as an alternative energy source, namely biodiesel. The method used in this study was a descriptive analytical method with a quantitative approach where to obtain the potential amount of waste used cooking oil is done using statistical methods with randomly population sampling technique. The results of this study are obtaining the potential amount of waste cooking oil produced by as many as 52 licensed restaurants and food court/shop in the city of Banda Aceh, amount to 184,956 liters per day.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ARANG AKTIF DARI SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU ULIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS MINYAK GORENG BEKAS

Konversi ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hesti Wijayanti ◽  
Harmin Nora ◽  
Rajihah Amelia
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Saponification Number ◽  
Peroxide Number ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Oil Adsorption

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kemampuan arang aktif dari serbuk gergaji kayu ulin dalam proses adsorpsi minyak goreng bekas. Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk mengetahui waktu adsorpsi yang paling baik diantara range waktu yang digunakan untuk proses adsorpsi minyak goreng bekas dengan menggunakan arang aktif dari serbuk gergaji kayu ulin. Arang aktif dibuat dengan membakar serbuk gergaji kayu dan diaktivasi menggunakan ZnCl2 0,1 N. Arang aktif yang diperoleh digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi minyak goreng bekas dengan variasi jumlah arang sebanyak 5, 10 dan 15 gram. Selanjutnya minyak goreng bekas dan arang aktif yang sudah dicampurkan dalam Erlenmeyer tersebut diadsorpsi dengan variasi waktu 40, 60 dan 80 menit menggunakan shaker. Setelah disaring, minyak goreng bekas tersebut dianalisa angka asam, bilangan peroksida dan bilangan penyabunannya.Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yang mememenuhi standar SNI 01- 3741-2002 dan hasil yang paling bagus adalah dengan berat arang aktif 15 gram dan dengan lama waktu pengadukan selama 80 menit. Dengan nilai angka asam sebesar 0,224 mgKOH/gram, bilangan peroksida sebesar 10 mg eq/gram, sedangkan untuk bilangan penyabunan yang memenuhi standar adalah dengan arang aktif 10 gram dan lama waktu pengadukan 40 menit yaitu sebesar 200,09 mg KOH/gram. Keywords : adsorpsi, minyak goreng bekas, arang aktif Abstract - This research conducted to investigate the ability of activated carbon from sawdust ulin wood for waste cooking oil adsorption and to get the best adsorption time from the used time range in this research. Activated carbon was gotten by carbonizing sawdust before activated it with 0.1 N ZnCl2. This activated carbon was used in adsorption waste cooking oil with weight variation of 5,10 and 15 gram that put into shaker for  40, 60 and 80 minute adsorption. After being filtered, this proceeded waste cooking oil would be analyzed in order to measure acid number, peroxide number and saponification number.As the result, the best dose for adsorption regarding SNI 01- 3741-2002 standard was 15 gram activated carbon in 80 minute adsorption which gave acid number was 0,224 mgKOH/gram, peroxide number was 10 mg eq/gram while the best dose to get saponification number that meet SNI 01- 3741-2002 standard was 10 gram in 40 minute adsorption which gave 200,09 mg KOH/gram. Keywords: adsorption, waste cooking oil, activated carbon

scholarly journals Purification of Used Cooking Oil by Alkali Neutralization and Bleaching of Bayah Natural Zeolite

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Endang Su Hendi ◽  
Rusdi Rusdi ◽  
Bagja Nur Alam ◽  
Siti Nurbaeti
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Alkali Neutralization

Cooking oil that is used repeatedly at high temperatures will reduce the quality of cooking oil. This will trigger the hydrolysis and oxidation processes that will change the characteristics of the oil, such as an increase in free fatty acid levels and peroxide numbers. Purification of used cooking oil can be carried out physically and chemically. The physical purification of oil is carried out by using adsorbents, while chemically purification process is carried out with an alkaline solution. Physically, natural materials such as zeolite can be used, where zeolite is a natural rock or mineral which chemically has a large surface area to be used in the adsorption process. Chemically with alkaline solution you can use sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In this study, used cooking oil is purified by three stages of the process, namely despicing, neutralization and bleaching to comply with the SNI quality standards. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum operating conditions for the purification of used cooking oil in accordance with the quality standards for cooking oil. based on the results obtained by adding a NaOH concentration of 19% in the neutralization process and a zeolite concentration of 90% can reduce the acid number value of 2.4 mg NaOH/gr, the peroxide number is 7 mekO2/kg, the color degradation of used cooking oil is 51.83%.

scholarly journals Uji Antioksidan Belimbing Wuluh dan Ampas Nanas Terhadap Kualitas Minyak Goreng Habis Pakai

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Siti Mardiyah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Pineapple Pulp ◽  
Oil Color

Anti-Oxidant Tests of starfruit and pineapple pulp on the quality of Used Cooking Oils   ABSTRACTUsed Cooking Oil is oil produced from frying residue and is carcinogenic because it causes oxidation, hydrolysis, and polymerization to produce toxic peroxides and free fatty acids that are difficult for the body to digest. Measurement of oil quality can be measured through 3 parameters, namely, the peroxide number, the acid number and the oil color. Efforts to control the quality of cooking oil are the addition of natural antioxidants, starch wuluh and pineapple pulp. Starfruit contains flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols and pectins as well as Vitamins C and A which can absorb free radicals in oil. Meanwhile, pineapple pulp contains high levels of vitamin C, flavonoids and polyphenols which can eat free radicals. This Research aims to determine the differences in the antioxidant power of starfruit and pineapple pulp to maintain the quality of used cooking oil. This research is experimental, which will study the antioxidant power of starfruit and pineapple pulp at the acid number, peroxidant and color intensity of used cooking oil. 3 grams of dry starfruit and 0.4 grams of dried pineapple pulp are added to each pad 100 mL of used cooking oil. The application of starfruit and pineapple pulp in used cooking oil had a significant effect on the 3 oil quality parameters, namely the acid number, the peroxide number and the oil color intensity, with a significance value of P <0.05. This is because the antioxidant content and composition of the two ingredients are different. Wuluh starfruit in the addition of 3 grams provides a fairly large antioxidant effect, while pineapple pulp at a concentration of 0.4 grams has shown anti-oxidant power so a higher concentration is needed to produce optimal antioxidant power. Keywords: Antioxidants, Starfruit, Pineapple Dregs

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