scholarly journals The pedagogue and the teaching of mathematics

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e669974652
Author(s):  
Maria José Costa dos Santos ◽  
Rodolfo Sena da Penha ◽  
Wendel Melo Andrade

In the scenario of discussions about the didactic and epistemological obstacles that 'haunt' the teaching and learning processes of Mathematics content in Elementary School in the early years, we find among other Santos theorists (2007; 2014; 2015; 2017). In this study, we aim to present the importance of challenging the Pedagogy graduate to leave his 'comfort zone', where he reproduces the mathematical contents/models, and provoke him to deconstruct/reconstruct/discover the mathematical concepts, to the detriment of a paralytic reproduction, and thus, we contribute to the thinking/questioning, from challenging situations. This practice has also contributed to the pedagogist's perception that his knowledge must exceed that of the student; and, above all, it has made it possible for the pedagogist to reflect more on his praxis, in order to constitute himself within the process as an epistemic subject, providing him with a rethinking of his action in a vision of what it is to teach. The actions have awakened us to the need for a more innovative teaching formation that overcomes challenges and difficulties in the exercise of teaching with excellence.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Sigit Tri Pambudi ◽  
Basuki Agus Suparno

This study focuses on an organizational development especially for an elementary school in which try to stabilize and adopt the changes of teaching and learning processes in relate to pandemic Covid 19 since it has been prevailing one year ago. Through Communicative Constitution of Organization (CCO) approach, it stressed on how elementary school as organization develop and adapt toward the uncertainty situation affected by pandemic covid 19. There are four locations which represent communication events in organization. First, membership negotiation, portraits how member of organization interact each other. Second, self- structuring, reflects how organization norms and culture were internalized within member of organization. Third, activity coordination- the way assignment was conducted and accomplished. It is an important thing in determine organization being successful. And finally, position of institution determines organization to the public. All has important roles to shape and develop organization being success.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Selma Felisbino Hillesheim ◽  
Méricles Thadeu Moretti

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the historical path of the consolidation of the rule of signs from Gaston Bachelard’s epistemological perspective, as well as explore the epistemological obstacles still present in the teaching and learning processes of such rule nowadays. The consolidation was a slow and surprising process, marked by advances and setbacks. We suggest herein the presence of three scientific stages of mind: concrete, concrete-abstract, and abstract. It is possible to realize that the two first stages related to the development of the rule of signs are still very present in pedagogical activities and teaching. However, some studies have been indicating that teaching such rule formally, i.e. avoiding metaphors related to concrete examples, can stimulate the transfer from the concrete to the concrete-abstract spirit, and later on to the abstract state of scientific spirit.


Author(s):  
Thaís Cristina Rodrigues Tezani

Resumo: Nosso objetivo nesse artigo é realizar uma breve discussão teórica e analisar alguns dados empíricos de uma pesquisa que articula a temática atual dos nativos digitais e a prática pedagógica em escolas dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Pesquisas apontam alterações no processo de ensinar e aprender, nas relações sociais, mediadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). Como base para nossas discussões nos apoiamos em estudos teóricos para fundamentar a temática. Além disso, analisamos dados coletados com os alunos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, que podem ser considerados nativos digitais e assim apresentamos algumas possibilidades de se (re)pensar a prática pedagógica, uma vez que as TDIC estão cada vez presentes nas relações sociais e nas escolas. Estudos sobre essas temáticas são essenciais para analisarmos a atual conjuntura do processo de ensinar e aprender dos nativos digitais.Palavras-chave: nativos digitais, prática pedagógica, tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação, educação escolar.  DIGITAL NATIVES AND PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE: POINTS AND COUNTERPOINTS Abstract: Our goal in this article is to perform a brief theoretical discussion and review some empirical data from a survey that articulates the current theme of digital natives and the pedagogical practice in schools in the early years of elementary school. Polls indicate changes in the process of teaching and learning, social relations, mediated by digital t technologies of information and communication (TDIC). As a basis for our discussions, we lean in theoretical studies to substantiate the topic and our discussions. In addition, we analyzed data collected with the students of the early years of elementary school, who can be considered digital natives, and so we present some possibilities of (re)thinking the pedagogical practice, once the TDIC are ever present in social relations and in schools. Studies on these themes are essential to analyze the current situation of teaching and learning processes for digital natives.Keywords: Digital natives. Pedagogical practice. Digital technologies for information and communication. School education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e202022
Author(s):  
Fabrício Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Charles Maycon de Almeida Mota

This text aims to understand how the experiences with pedagogical workshops on taching mathematics in rural areas favored the teaching and learning of geometry by undergraduate in Pedagogy and by elementary school students. The text reflects the contexts of the countryside, showing how this can be enhanced as a locus for valuing actions in teaching that go beyond the school walls and expand by the contexts of life of their students. The methodology of this work comprises the realization of a pedagogical workshop with a course load of 12 hours, held at Sítio Mata da Lua by graduates of the Pedagogy Course in the Teaching of Mathematics discipline, given to students of the 9th grade of Elementary School II and the High school. The workshop was the research device used to enable reflections on the development of teaching practices that aim to theorize and value the students' context through a study on the concepts of trigonometry, plane geometry and surface measurements in situations and experiences in the fields. We take the reports of teachers and students who participated in this workshop as an element of analysis. It is concluded that the teaching of mathematics generates meanings for the student when the context in which he lives is taken into consideration for the construction of school knowledge. The countryside was understood as a locus of teaching in mathematics, enabling students to create connections between th knowledge of the countryside and the knowledge of trigonometry, in a construction of significant learning about mathematical knowledge. Keywords: Mathematics teaching. Initial formation. Contextualized education. Teaching in the country.


Author(s):  
Giovana Pereira Sander ◽  
Nelson Antonio Pirola

ABSTRACTThis research aimed to investigate the practice of teaching mathematics through problem solving after the completion of the course of the continuing education of Pró-Letramento program. 458 persons participated of the program and they are teachers of the early years of elementary school from districts of the state of São Paulo / Brazil. The instruments used were a questionnaire about possible reflections offered by the course as the teaching of mathematics and recordings of three classes of four teachers of Mathematics. The data indicate that the course contributed to the practice of these teachers regarding the methodology of teaching mathematics, using concrete materials and games; and understanding of the content. In relation to work with problem solving, it was something with little presence in their speech. During the monitoring of lessons was observed that the problem situations are used for the application of previously learned algorithms. Although the course emphasize on teaching mathematical content through problem solving, having a specific time for discussions on this topic, teachers work with problems after the explanation of content, then characterizing it as exercise.RESUMOA presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a prática de ensino da Matemática por meio da resolução de problemas após a realização do curso do programa de formação continuada do Pró-Letramento. Participaram 458 cursistas do programa que são professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de municípios do estado de São Paulo/Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um questionário sobre as possíveis reflexões propiciadas pelo curso quanto ao ensino da Matemática e gravações de três aulas de Matemática de 4 professores. Os dados apontam que o curso contribuiu com a prática desses professores quanto à metodologia de ensino da Matemática, utilizando materiais concretos e jogos; e à compreensão dos conteúdos. Já o trabalho com a resolução de problemas foi algo pouco presente em suas falas. Durante o acompanhamento das aulas foi possível observar que as situações problema são utilizadas para a aplicação de algoritmos anteriormente aprendidos. Apesar de o curso salientar sobre o ensino de conteúdos matemáticos através da resolução de problemas, tendo um momento específico para discussões sobre essa temática, os professores trabalham com problemas após a explicação de um conteúdo, caracterizando-o, então, como exercícios. Contato principal: [email protected]


Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero ◽  
Inmaculada Aznar-Díaz ◽  
Pilar Cáceres-Reche ◽  
Santiago Alonso-García

Currently, the e-learning method, due to the period of confinement that is occurring due to COVID-19, has increased its use and application in the teaching and learning processes. The main objective of this research is to identify the effectiveness of the e-learning method in the teaching of mathematics with adults who are in high school, in contrast to the traditional expository method. The study developed is quantitative, descriptive and correlational. The research design is quasi-experimental, with a control group and an experimental group. The results show that the use of the e-learning method has a positive influence on motivation, autonomy, participation, mathematical concepts, results and grades. It can be concluded that the e-learning method leads to improvement in adult students who are studying the mathematical subject in the educational stage of high school, provided that it is compared with the expository method. Therefore, this method is considered effective for its implementation in adults.


1965 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-449
Author(s):  
Eleanor Schmickrath

(The following narrative bas been recorded with far more subjectivity than is usually associated with a description of the teaching and learning processes in elementary arithmetic. It describes the use of Cuisenaire rods in one of a series of sessions with a kindergarten child of low average mentality. The current efforts towards helping children to “see” relationships between numbers is the focus of this interview between a little girl and a person serving as an elementary school district consultant in arithmetic.)


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (esp.) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Anemari Roesler Luersen Vieira Lopes ◽  
Halana Garcez Borowsky ◽  
Carine Daiana Binsfeld

 Este artigo objetiva discutir sobre o jogo como orientador da prática pedagógica do professor que ensina matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, buscando compreender o papel dele na organização do ensino e no desenvolvimento da criança. Tendo a Teoria Histórico-Cultural, a Teoria da Atividade e a Atividade Orientadora de Ensino como fundamentos, assumimos uma concepção de educação na perspectiva da humanização e entendemos o jogo como uma atividade histórica e social, na qual o sujeito constrói suas relações sociais e desenvolve suas funções psicológicas superiores a partir de atividades. Nesse sentido, trazemos alguns apontamentos teóricos sobre o jogo e as ações do professor na organização do ensino, bem como uma situação de ensino voltada à aprendizagem do conceito de multiplicação. Como considerações, apontamos aspectos que permitem compreender o jogo como orientador da prática pedagógica: a intencionalidade pedagógica na prática docente por meio do jogo, em especial, para a organização do ensino de matemática; a contribuição do jogo para a atividade de ensino e de aprendizagem; e elementos importantes constituintes do jogo a ser desenvolvido.Palavras-chave: Prática Pedagógica. Jogo. Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Atividade Orientadora de Ensino.THE GAME AS GUIDING OF PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE IN THE EARLY YEARS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Abstract: This paper aims to discuss about the game as a pedagogical practice guide of the teacher who teaches mathematics in the early years of Elementary School, seeking to understand its role in the organization of teaching and child development. Taking the Historical-Cultural Theory, the Activity Theory and the Teaching-Orienteering Activity as fundamentals, we assume a conception of education in the perspective of humanization and understand the game as a historical and social activity, which the subject builds his social relations and develops their superior psychological functions from activities. In this sense, we bring some theoretical notes about the game and the actions of the teacher in the organization of teaching, as well as a teaching situation focused on learning the concept of multiplication. As considerations, we point out aspects that allow to understand the game as guiding of the pedagogical practice: the pedagogical intentionality in the teaching practice through the game, in particular, for the organization of the teaching of mathematics; the contribution of the game to the teaching and learning activity; and important constituent elements of the game to be developed.Keywords: Pedagogical Practice. Game. Mathematics in the early years of Elementary School. Teaching-Orienteering Activity. EL JUEGO COMO ORIENTADOR DE LA PRÁCTICA PEDAGÓGICA EN LOS AÑOS INICIALES DE LA ENSEÑANZA FUNDAMENTALResumen: Este artículo apunta la discusión sobre el juego como orientador de la práctica pedagógica del profesor que enseña Matemática en los años iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental, buscando comprender el papel de él en la organización de la enseñanza y en el desarrollo del niño. Llevando en cuenta la Teoría Histórico-Cultural, la Teoría de la Actividad y la Actividad Orientadora de Enseñanza como fundamentos, asumimos una concepción de educación en la perspectiva de la humanización y comprendemos el juego como una actividad histórica y social, la cual el sujeto construye sus relaciones sociales y desarrolla sus funciones psicológicas superiores por medio de actividades. En ese sentido, traemos algunos apuntamientos teóricos acerca del juego y de las acciones del profesor en la organización de la enseñanza, como también una situación de enseñanza en que el aprendizaje se vuelve al concepto de multiplicación. Como consideraciones, apuntamos aspectos que permiten comprender el juego como orientador de la práctica pedagógica:  la intencionalidad pedagógica en la práctica docente por medio del juego, de forma especial para la organización de la enseñanza de matemática; la contribución del juego para la actividad de enseñanza y de aprendizaje; y elementos importantes constituyentes del juego a desarrollarse.Palabras-clave: Práctica pedagógica. Juego. Matemática en los años iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental. Actividad orientadora de enseñanza. 


Norma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Jelena Knežević ◽  
Marina Milošević ◽  
Bojan Lazić

An adequate methodological approach in teaching mathematics in the classroom plays an important role in understanding mathematical concepts and achieving learning outcomes. This paper points out the characteristics, significance, and effects that can be achieved by applying project-oriented learning in teaching. This paper aims to point out the possibilities of applying the project model of work in the teaching of mathematics. Based on the results of previous research on this issue, as well as recommendations from the Program of teaching and learning for the first cycle of primary education, a model of project-based learning of content on measurement and measures is presented, which can serve to support teachers in organizing and affirming project-oriented teaching mathematics.


2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (70) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Rodrigues de Lucena ◽  
António Manuel Águas Borralho ◽  
Josete Leal Dias

<p>Este artigo visa caracterizar as práticas letivas que ocorrem nas salas de aula dos anos iniciais, na área curricular de matemática, a partir de uma pesquisa em cooperação internacional. Por meio de uma metodologia de investigação qualitativa, em que a recolha de dados foi realizada a partir de observações de aulas e entrevistas assentes numa matriz de investigação, foram elaboradas sínteses conclusivas e interpretativas as quais denominamos de narrativas. A análise dessas narrativas mostrou alguns resultados: práticas avaliativas ainda centradas na classificação; participação efetiva dos alunos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem muito reduzida; ausência de integração no que diz respeito à relação entre os processos de ensino, avaliação e aprendizagem; dentre outras. Pelo estudo ainda é possível afirmar que há um desejo de se realizar uma avaliação para as aprendizagens, porém é necessário fortalecer o campo teórico sobre avaliação para que em aula se possam problematizar e transgredir práticas estabelecidas.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem; Avaliação das Aprendizagens; Matemática; Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.</p><p> </p><p><em><strong>Prácticas lectivas de Matemáticas en aulas de primária</strong></em></p><p><em>Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar prácticas lectivas en aulas de los primeros años de enseñanza, en el área de las matemáticas, en base de una investigación de cooperación internacional. A partir de una investigación cualitativa, donde la recogida de datos se fundamentó en observaciones en el aula y entrevistas basadas en una matriz de la investigación, se realizaron síntesis conclusivas y interpretativas a las que denominamos de narrativas. El análisis de estas narrativas produjo algunos resultados: las prácticas evaluativas todavía se centran en la clasificación; la participación real de los alumnos en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje es muy reducida; la ausencia de integración en lo que se refiere a la relación entre los procesos de enseñanza, evaluación y aprendizaje, entre otros. Por el estudio sigue siendo posible afirmar que existe un interés en realizar una evaluación para las aprendizajes, no obstante, es necesario fortalecer el campo teórico de la evaluación de modo que, en aula, se puedan problematizar e transgredir las prácticas establecidas.</em></p><p><em><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> Proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje; Evaluación del Aprendizaje; Matemáticas; Años Iniciales de la Educación Básica.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em><strong>Mathematics clasroom practices in the elementary school</strong></em></p><p><em>This article aims to characterize teaching practices that occur in the classrooms of the elementary school, in the area of mathematics, based on an international cooperative research. Conclusive and interpretative summaries were developed using a qualitative methodology in which data were gathered from classroom observations and interviews, grounded in an investigative matrix, which we called narratives. The analyses of these narratives showed the following results: assessment practices are still centered on classification; effective participation of students in the teaching and learning process is greatly reduced; lack of integration regarding the relationship among the processes of teaching, assessment and learning; among others. This study also shows that there is a desire to conduct an assessment for learning. However, it is necessary to strengthen the theoretical field on assessment so that, in the classroom, we can problematize and counter established practices.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords:</strong> Teaching and Learning Process; Learning Assessment; Mathematics; Early Years of Elementary School.</em></p>


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