scholarly journals A Study on the Effects of Surface Energy and Topography on the Adhesive Bonding of Aluminum Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 567-574
Author(s):  
Gilho Kang ◽  
Wonjong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Surface Pretreatment ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Bonding Properties

The bonding properties of adhesives are mainly affected by surface roughness, topography and chemical adsorption. In this paper, we studied the effects of surface pretreatment of Al 2024-T3 (bare) in terms of surface roughness, topography and surface free energy. Surface pre-treatment included solvent cleaning, FPL etching, PAA and CAA treatment. The surface energy and roughness of the aluminum surface were significantly increased by the anodizing treatment. Single lap shear and fatigue tests were performed to investigate bonding properties and durability. The evaluation revealed that the surface energy and surface roughness resulting from the aluminum surface treatment had a significant impact on bonding properties and durability. PAA treated surfaces had the highest bonding strength, and CAA treated surfaces had superior bonding retention performance in hot water or salt spray environments. The results of the fatigue test most clearly demonstrated how the surface pretreatment of the aluminum alloy differently affected bonding performance.

scholarly journals Time efficient laser modification of steel surfaces for advanced bonding in hybrid materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Voswinkel ◽  
D. Kloidt ◽  
O. Grydin ◽  
M. Schaper
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Yvo4 Laser ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
High Scanning Speed

AbstractLaser surface treatment of metals is one option to improve their properties for adhesive bonding. In this paper, a pulsed YVO4 Laser source with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a maximum power of 25 W was utilized to increase the surface area of the steel HCT490X in order to improve its bonding properties with a carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP). Investigated was the influence of the scanning speed of the laser source on the bonding properties. For this purpose, the steel surfaces were ablated at a scanning speed between 1500 and 4500 mm/s. Afterwards the components were bonded with the adhesive HexBond™ 677. After lap shear tests were carried out on the specimen, the surfaces were inspected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experiments revealed that the bonding quality can be improved with a high scanning speed, even when the surface is not completely ablated.

scholarly journals ESTUDIO DE LA RESISTENCIA A LA CORROSION DEL ALUMINIO 6063 ANODIZADO

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Karín Paucar Cuba ◽  
Hugo Rojas Flores ◽  
Abel Vergara Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Equivalent Circuits ◽  
Acid Salt ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Palabras Clave

El estudio de la resistencia a la corrosión del anodizado de una aleación de aluminio (AA6063) en ácido sulfúrico a diferentes tiempos de anodizado: 30, 45 y 60 min. se realizó usando la espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica (EIE) y el ensayo de niebla salina ácida. (ASTM B287). Los datos obtenidos por EIE y su correlación con los circuitos equivalentes más apropiados permitieron determinar los parámetros asociados a la capa porosa y a la capa barrera del óxido protector formado sobre la superficie del aluminio en estudio. La exposición de las muestras anodizadas durante 250h a una niebla salina ácida permitió observar variaciones en su masa. De los resultados obtenidos por EIE y las pérdidas de masa de las muestras anodizadas se estableció que la película de anodizado de 45 minutos mostró una mayor resistencia a la corrosión en comparación con la obtenida a 60 y 30 min., respectivamente. Palabras clave.- Aluminio, Anodizado, Impedancia electroquímica, Niebla salina ácida. ABSTRACTThe study of the corrosion resistance of anodized on aluminum alloy (AA6063) in sulfuric acid to different times: 30, 45 and 60 min. was performed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the acid salt spray test (ASTM B287). The EIS’data and its correlation with the most appropriate equivalent circuits allowed to determine the parameters associated with the porous layer and the oxide layer protective barrier formed on the aluminum surface under study. Exposure of the samples anodized for a 250h salt spray acid allowed to observe changes in their mass. From the results obtained by EIS and the mass losses of the anodized samples was established that the anodized film of 45 minutes showed higher corrosion resistance compared to that obtained at 60 and 30 min, respectively. Keywords.- Aluminum, Anodized, Electrochemical impedance, Acid salt spray.

scholarly journals Superhydrophobic Self-Assembled Silane Monolayers on Hierarchical 6082 Aluminum Alloy for Anti-Corrosion Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Khaskhoussi ◽  
Luigi Calabrese ◽  
Edoardo Proverbio
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
High Water ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Sliding Angle ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
6082 Aluminum Alloy

In this work, a two-stage methodology to design super-hydrophobic surfaces was proposed. The first step consists of creating a rough nano/micro-structure and the second step consists of reducing the surface energy using octadecyltrimethoxysilane. The surface roughening was realized by three different short-term pretreatments: (i) Boiling water, (ii) HNO3/HCl etching, or (iii) HF/HCl etching. Then, the surface energy was reduced by dip-coating in diluted solution of octadecyltrimethoxysilane to allow the formation of self-assembled silane monolayers on a 6082-T6 aluminum alloy surface. Super-hydrophobic aluminum surfaces were investigated by SEM-EDS, FTIR, profilometry, and contact and sliding angles measurements. The resulting surface morphologies by the three approaches were structured by a dual hierarchical nano/micro-roughness. The surface wettability varied with the applied roughening pretreatment. In particular, an extremely high water contact angle (around 180°) and low sliding angle (0°) were evidenced for the HF/HCl-etched silanized surface. The results of electrochemical tests demonstrate a remarkable enhancement of the aluminum alloy corrosion resistance through the proposed superhydrophobic surface modifications. Thus, the obtained results evidenced that the anti-wetting behavior of the aluminum surface can be optimized by coupling an appropriate roughening pretreatment with a self-assembled silane monolayer deposition (to reduce surface energy) for anticorrosion application.

Chemical Surface Treatment for Enhanced Bonding Strength between Polymer Coating and Aluminum Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 720-724
Author(s):  
Linda Y.L. Wu ◽  
Y.Y. Feng ◽  
G.J. Qi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Porous Structures

Polymer materials are sometimes molded to aluminum alloy to form integrated industrial parts for special applications, such as high strength, heavy duty applications. To ensure the bonding strength for long term applications, chemical treatment of aluminum surface is a quick and efficient method prior to polymer injection molding onto aluminum part. In this study, chemical etching and anodizing processes were studied to obtain suitable surface roughness and porous structures to enhance the penetration of polymer into the pores leading to interfacial anchoring and high bonding strength. Surface roughness, surface contact angles, and surface porous structures were investigated by surface Profilometer, contact angle tester, and scanning electron microscopy. Bending tests and cracking analyses were carried out to determine the bonding strength. Optimized chemical treatment recipe and process parameters were established. Preferred surface characteristics are defined. The failure mechanism of bending test was analysed and correlated to the bending fracture phenomina.

scholarly journals Effect of Plasma Surface Pretreatment on Ce3+-Doped GPTMS-ZrO2 Self-Healing Coatings on Aluminum Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kumar ◽  
A. Jyothirmayi ◽  
R. Subasri
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Surface Pretreatment ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Coating Deposition

A hybrid sol synthesized from an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation reaction of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and zirconium n-propoxide was used as a matrix nanocomposite sol. To this sol, 0.01 M Ce3+ was added as an inhibitor to provide a self-healing coating system. The effect of an atmospheric air plasma surface pretreatment of aluminum alloy substrates prior to coating deposition of Ce3+-doped/undoped GPTMS-ZrO2 sol was studied with respect to corrosion protection. Coatings were generated by a dip coating technique employing a withdrawal speed of 5 mm/s and thermally cured at 130° C for 1 h. The coated Al surfaces were characterized using potentiodynamic polarization studies and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. They were also subjected to accelerated corrosion testing using neutral salt spray test with 5% NaCl solution after creating an artificial scratch for more than 200 hours to assess the self-healing ability of coatings. It was observed that cerium (III) doping was effective for corrosion protection during long-term exposure to the electrolyte solution, and a plasma surface pretreatment of substrates prior to coating deposition of Ce3+-doped coatings improved the adhesion of coatings that provides enhanced corrosion protection along with self-healing ability exhibited in case of damages/scratches caused in the coating.

A new method for quantifying the blocking of coated paperboard

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULINE SKILLINGTON ◽  
YOLANDE R. SCHOEMAN ◽  
VALESKA CLOETE ◽  
PATRICE C. HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Fatty Acid Amides ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Definite Period

Blocking is undesired adhesion between two surfaces when subjected to pressure and temperature constraints. Blocking between two coated paperboards in contact with each other may be caused by inter-diffusion, adsorption, or electrostatic forces occurring between the respective coating surfaces. These interactions are influenced by factors such as the temperature, pressure, surface roughness, and surface energy. Blocking potentially can be reduced by adjusting these factors, or by using antiblocking additives such as talc, amorphous silica, fatty acid amides, or polymeric waxes. We developed a method of quantifying blocking using a rheometer. Coated surfaces were put in contact with each other with controlled pressure and temperature for a definite period. We then measured the work necessary to pull the two surfaces apart. This was a reproducible way to accurately quantify blocking. The method was applied to determine the effect external factors have on the blocking tendency of coated paperboards, i.e., antiblocking additive concentration, film thickness, temperature, and humidity.

scholarly journals Application of Commercial Surface Pretreatments on the Formation of Cerium Conversion Coating (CeCC) over High-Strength Aluminum Alloys 2024-T3 and 7075-T6

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Juan Jesús Alba-Galvín ◽  
Leandro González-Rovira ◽  
Francisco Javier Botana ◽  
Maria Lekka ◽  
Francesco Andreatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Conversion Coating ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Surface Pretreatment

The selection of appropriate surface pretreatments is one of the pending issues for the industrial application of cerium-based chemical conversion coatings (CeCC) as an alternative for toxic chromate conversion coating (CrCC). A two-step surface pretreatment based on commercial products has been successfully used here to obtain CeCC on AA2024-T3 and AA7075-T6. Specimens processed for 1 to 15 min in solutions containing CeCl3 and H2O2 have been studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), potentiodynamic linear polarization (LP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and neutral salt spray (NSS) tests. SEM-EDX showed that CeCC was firstly observed as deposits, followed by a general coverage of the surface with the formation of cracks where the coating was getting thicker. GDOES confirmed an increase of the CeCC thickness as the deposition proceed, the formation of CeCC over 7075 being faster than over 2024. There was a Ce-rich layer in both alloys and an aluminum oxide/hydroxide layer on 7075 between the upper Ce-rich layer and the aluminum matrix. According to LP and EIS, CeCC in all samples offered cathodic protection and comparable degradation in chloride-containing media. Finally, the NSS test corroborated the anti-corrosion properties of the CeCC obtained after the commercial pretreatments employed.

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