Evaluation of platelet parameters in cerebral stroke in patients with HIV infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
D. O. Tarasov ◽  
I. A. Lebedev ◽  
S. N. Suplotov ◽  
O. A. Nesterova ◽  
G. O. Tersenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Giant Platelets ◽  
Distribution Width

The article reflects the results of studying platelet parameters in HIV-positive patients with different types of stroke.Aim. To identify changes in laboratory parameters of a complete blood count which characterize the morphofunctional features of platelets in stroke among HIV-positive patients.Materials and methods. 110 HIV-positive patients who received treatment for stroke in hospitals of the Tyumen region were examined. The study of blood parameters was carried out at the analyzer Sysmex XE2100 (Japan). Blood sampling was carried out on the day of patients admission.The number of platelets and platelet indices were analyzed: MPV – mean platelet volume, PDW – platelet distribution width, PCT – plateletcrit and P-LCR – platelet large cell ratio. The control group consisted of 117 patients. The signifcance of the differences was determined at the twotailed signifcance level of p < 0.05.Results. There was a signifcant decrease in the number of platelets (p < 0.05), in average, on 34.3% among patients with hemorrhages and HIV infection. Among patients with ischemic stroke this decrease was less pronounced (p = 0.05). A signifcant decrease in plateletcrit was established among patients with intracranial hemorrhages, while it did not change signifcantly among patients with cerebral infarction. During evaluation of other platelet parameters, no signifcant differences were found between patients in experimental and control groups. The coeffcient of giant platelets prevailed by one and a half times in patients with hemorrhages associated with HIV infection, which turned out to be beyond the statistical signifcance.Conclusion. The presence of HIV infection leads to a more pronounced, reliable decrease in the number of platelets and plateletcrit among patients that have acute phase of the development of hemorrhagic stroke than in patients with cerebral infarction. The development of intracranial hemorrhage among HIV-positive patients is characterized by an increase of blood platelets with a high volume, the level of which increased by one and a half times being beyond the statistical signifcance and having as a leading mechanism the intensifcation of platelet formation in the bone marrow.

Comparison of hematological parameters and perinatal outcomes between COVID-19 pregnancies and healthy pregnancy cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esin Merve Erol Koç ◽  
Rahime Bedir Fındık ◽  
Hatice Akkaya ◽  
Işılay Karadağ ◽  
Eda Özden Tokalıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes. The secondary aim is to analyze the diagnostic value of hematologic parameters in COVID-19 complicated pregnancies.MethodsThe current study is conducted in a high volume tertiary obstetrics center burdened by COVID-19 pandemics, in Turkey. In this cohort study, perinatal outcomes and complete blood count indices performed at the time of admission of 39 pregnancies (Study group) complicated by COVID-19 were compared with 69 uncomplicated pregnancies (Control group).ResultsThere was no significant difference between the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies with COVID-19 compared to data of healthy pregnancies, except the increased C-section rate (p=0.026). Monocyte count, red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were significantly increased (p<0.0001, p=0.009, p=0.043, p<0.0001, respectively) whereas the MPV and plateletcrit were significantly decreased (p=0.001, p=0.008) in pregnants with COVID-19. ROC analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value for MLR was 0.354 which indicated 96.7% specificity and 59.5% sensitivity in diagnosis of pregnant women with COVID-19. A strong positive correlation was found between the MLR and the presence of cough symptom (r=41.4, p=<0.0001).ConclusionsThe study revealed that, pregnancies complicated by COVID-19 is not related with adverse perinatal outcomes. MLR may serve as a supportive diagnostic parameter together with the Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in assessment of COVID-19 in pregnant cohort.

scholarly journals Anolunula in Fingernails among Patients Infected with HIV

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pratik Gahalaut ◽  
Nitin Mishra ◽  
Sandhya Chauhan ◽  
Mir Mubashir Ali ◽  
Madhur Kant Rastogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Negative

Lunula is the white, half-moon shaped area seen in proximal ends of some nails. Though a few studies have described the nail changes that can occur in association with HIV infection, none of these paid much attention to lunula. Aims and Objectives. To study the lunula in fingernails among HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study to record presence of lunula in 168 HIV-positive patients and compare it with age and sex matched 168 healthy HIV-negative control. Anolunula (absence of lunula) in HIV-positive patients was correlated with CD4 counts, stages of HIV infection, time since patient was diagnosed as HIV-positive, and status of antiretroviral therapy. Results. Anolunula was present in significantly more fingernails in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative controls. There was a highly significant difference for total anolunula (anolunula in all fingernails) in study and control group. Incidence of total anolunula was directly proportional to the stage of HIV infection, increasing progressively as the HIV infection advances from stage 1 to stage 4. Conclusion. Absence of lunula is related to not only HIV infection per se but also the stages of HIV infection.

scholarly journals Study the relationship between nasal polyps, platelet count, mean platelet volume, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in patients attending otolaryngology OPD in a tertiary care teaching hospital, West Bengal

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Manuprita Sharma ◽  
Santosh Raman ◽  
Bidhan Ray ◽  
Rupali Verma Bagga ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Nasal Polyp ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal obstruction is a common cause of marked nasal septal deviation. It is related strongly with hypoxia. Hypoxic conditions increase mean platelet volume levels. Many studies in literature point out that inflammation related to nasal polyp is mostly dependent on eosinophils and their inflammatory products. Beside eosinophils, platelets may have a role in nasal polyp development. Platelets are involved in hemostasis, tissue repairing and inflammation. Recently, mean platelet volume (MPV) was recognized as a simple inflammatory marker in the inflammatory disease<span lang="EN-IN">. </span>This study investigated the relationship of nasal polyps with MPV (mean platelet volume), platelet count and NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The cross-sectional observational study we investigated CBC (complete blood count) parameters of the patients that consulted ENT clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Haldia because of nasal polyp. <span>About 76 patients and 42 controls were included in this study. In all groups, WBC (white blood cell count), RBC (red blood cell count), RDW (red cell distribution width), platelet count, MPV, PDW (platelet distribution width) and NLR parameters from CBC (complete blood count) were compared between patients and controls</span><span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean WBC values were 6.89±1.33×103/μL in patients with NPs, vs. 7.11±2.32×103/μL in the control group. Mean haemoglobin (Hb) values were 13.19±1.34 g/dL in patients with NPs, vs. 14.1±1.67 g/dl in the control group. Mean MPV values were 9.11 ± 1.08 fL in patients with NPs, vs. 8.32±0.53 fL in the control group. Mean PLT values were 232.38 ± 39.97×103/μL in patients with NPs, vs. 271.44±45.14×103 in the control group. MPV was higher in nasal polyp patients, whereas platelet count was higher in controls. The difference was significant for the mean absolute neutrophil, platelet count, and lymphocyte counts, NLR, PDW and MPV values between the study group and the control group<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Platelet count and NLR were significantly lower in patients than the controls, whereas MPV was significantly higher in nasal polyp patients<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals EVALUATING SOME OF THE HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTED PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060
Author(s):  
Nidhal Abdullah HASHIM ◽  
Younus Jasim ABDULLAH ◽  
Hasan Rahman SHAWI
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori are Gram-negative curved rods that habitats the gastric mucosa and considered as the leading causes of stomach ulcers and duodenal ulcers in humans. The main object of this study was to evaluate the influences of the bacteria on several hematological parameters. A total of 60 patients aged between 15 to 40 years were included in this study (30 male and 30 female) in addition to 30 healthy individuals from the same ages who were considered as a control group. Venous blood (4 ml) was obtained from the study population and investigated for complete blood count (CBC) using an automated hematology analyzer. The results revealed that there is a substantial decrease (p 0.01) in Hemoglobin (Hb), Red cell distribution width (RDW), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in patients compared to control. However, no significant difference in Red blood cells (RBCs), Hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in patients compared to control. Also, no significant differences were found in the white blood cell (WBC) between H. pylori infected and non-infected persons. Otherwise, there are significant differences (p 0.01) in lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes in the patients and healthy individuals. The results also found that there are significant statistical differences in some of the hematologic parameters among study groups according to their gender. The study concluded that Hb, RDW, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes are decreased in H. Pylori infected patients suggesting that infection may have direct effects on blood parameters.

scholarly journals Prevalence of perinatal depression among HIV-positive women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Yu Zhu ◽  
De-Sheng Huang ◽  
Jian-Da Lv ◽  
Peng Guan ◽  
Xing-Hua Bai
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Increasing attention has been paid to differences in the prevalence of perinatal depression by HIV status, although inconsistent results have been reported. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the relationship between perinatal depression and HIV infection. A comprehensive meta-analysis of comparative studies comparing the prevalence of antenatal or postnatal depression between HIV-infected women and HIV-negative controls was conducted. Methods Studies were identified through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase and PsycINFO, and the reading of complementary references in August 2019. Subgroup analyses were performed for anticipated explanation of heterogeneity using methodological quality and pre-defined study characteristics, including study design, geographical location and depression screening tools for depression. The overall odds ratio (OR) and mean prevalence of each group were calculated. Results Twenty-three studies (from 21 publications), thirteen regarding antenatal depression and ten regarding postnatal depression were included, comprising 3165 subjects with HIV infection and 6518 controls. The mean prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms in thirteen included studies was 36% (95% CI: 27, 45%) in the HIV-positive group and 26% (95% CI: 20, 32%) in the control group. The mean prevalence of postnatal depressive symptoms in ten included studies was 21% (95% CI: 14, 27%) in the HIV-positive group and 16% (95% CI: 10, 22%) in the control group. Women living with HIV have higher odds of antenatal (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.80) and postnatal depressive symptoms (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.32) compared with controls. Publication bias and moderate heterogeneity existed in the overall meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was partly explained by the subgroup analyses. Conclusions Women with HIV infection exhibit a significantly higher OR of antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms compared with controls. For the health of both mother and child, clinicians should be aware of the significance of depression screening before and after delivery in this particular population and take effective measures to address depression among these women.

Abstract 314: HIV infection iIduces Structural and Functional Changes in High Density Lipoproteins

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc O Siegel ◽  
Dmitri Sviridov ◽  
Michael Bukrinsky ◽  
Michael L Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Oxidized Lipids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
And Function

Coronary artery disease is a growing clinical problem in HIV-infected subjects. Increased risk of coronary events in this population has been linked to low levels of HDL, but the effects of HIV infection and anti-retroviral treatment (ART) on HDL structure and function are poorly characterized. Here, we determined the composition and function of HDL particles isolated from plasma collected from ART-naive and ART-positive HIV-infected patients and compared them to HDL from a convenience control group. Proteomic profiling revealed decreased paraoxonase (PON) 1 and PON 3 in HDL from both treated and untreated HIV-positive patients, and PON activity of HDL from HIV-infected subjects was significantly lower than in control group. Lipidomic profiling found sphingomyelin and ether-linked glycerophospholipid species in the HDL particles correlated positively with viral load and negatively with CD4+ T cell counts in ART-naive subjects. Consistent with analysis of lipids, the level of PLTP showed a significant positive correlation with viral load and negative correlation with CD4+ T cell counts in ART-naïve HIV-positive samples. Given the low PON1 and 3 levels in HDL from HIV-infected subjects, we tested for the level of oxidized phospholipids in the HDL particles from a subset of HIV+ ART-naïve and treated subjects with completely suppressed viremia. No significant differences in oxidized lipids were found between HDL from control and untreated or PI-treated subjects, but a significant increase was detected in the NNRTI-treated samples. Similarly, the ratio of oxidized LDL to total LDL was significantly increased in the NNRTI-treated samples. These results suggest that reduced PON levels in HDL of HIV-infected subjects do not translate to increased levels of oxidized lipids, however, low PON may contribute to increased oxidation in NNRTI-treated patients. Finally, a negative correlation between cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL and viral load in ART-naive HIV-infected group was detected. Thus, HIV infection associates with a number of both protein and lipid compositional changes in HDL particles. Moreover, HIV infection affects cholesterol efflux function of HDL, and this may increase risk of atherosclerosis in this patient population.

scholarly journals BONE MARROW ABONRMALITIES IN HIV INFECTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e2013033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad Antiram Dhurve
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Abnormal Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Study ◽  
Hematological Abnormalities ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Introduction; Hematological abnormalities are a common complication of HIV infection.  Bone marrow abnormalities occur in all stages of HIV infection.  Present work was carried out to study the bone marrow abnormalities in patients with HIV/AIDS.  Methods: 160 patients of HIV +ve were included in the study. A complete blood count, relevant biochemical investigations, CD4   counts were done, besides a thorough history and clinical examination. HIV positive patients were classified as those having AIDS and those without AIDS according to NACO criteria.   Bone marrow examination was performed for indication of anemia, leucopenia, pancytopenia and thrombocytopenia. Results: As per CDC criteria 59.81% patients had AIDS in 107 patients. The most common hematological abnormality was anemia, seen in 93.12% patients.  Bone marrow was normocellular in 79.06% of non-AIDS and 79.68% of AIDS, hypocellular in 13.95%.Thrombocytopenia was seen in 4 cases of ART (4.93%) and 3 cases (4.68%) of AIDS group. Abnormal cells like plasma cell, histocyte and toxic granule found in bone marrow. Conclusions: Myelodysplasia was more common in AIDS than in non AIDS patients. Granulocytic series is most commonly associated with evidence of dysplasia. Anemia in HIV patients can be a good clinical indicator to predict and access the underlying immune status. Thus bone marrow study is imperative to methodically observe and follow clinical and laboratory aberration in such patients in order to improve our diagnostic and therapeutic skills pertinent to HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals A comparative study of hematological parameters between hypertensive and normotensive individuals in Harar, eastern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260751
Author(s):  
Beza Sileshi ◽  
Fekadu Urgessa ◽  
Moges Wordofa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background Hypertension is the major public health concern; leading to cardiovascular disease. It is associated with alteration in hematological parameters which may lead to end-organ damage. Thus, this study aimed to compare hematological parameters between hypertensive and normotensive adult groups in Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March, 2020 at Jugel and Hiwotfana Specialized University hospital, Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Convenient sampling technique was used to recruit 102 hypertensive patients from the two hospitals and 102 apparently healthy blood donors. Participant’s socio-demographic and clinical information were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Blood sample were collected and analyzed by Beckman Coulter DxH 500 analyzer for complete blood count. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Independent t-test and Mann Whitney u-test was used for comparison between groups. Spearman’s correlation was used for correlation test. P values less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result 102 hypertensive and 102 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The median ± IQR value of white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (HCT), red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were significantly higher in hypertensive group compared to apparently healthy control group. Additionally, RBC (red blood cell) count, HCT and RDW showed statistically significant positive correlations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. WBC count and RDW were significantly and positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). Platelet (PLT) count had a significant but negative correlation (r = -0.219, P = 0.027) with duration of hypertension illness while MPV showed positive and significant correlation (r = 0.255, P = 0.010). Conclusion The median values of WBC, Hgb, HCT, RDW and MPV were significantly higher in hypertensive patient compared to apparently healthy individuals. Hence, it is important to assess hematological parameters for hypertensive individuals which may help to prevent complications associated with hematological aberrations. However, further studies are required to understand hypertensive associated changes in hematological parameters.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Routine Blood Tests in Patients with COVID-19 in Iran, Tehran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Asanjarani ◽  
Goli Siri ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini ◽  
Hamed Abdollahi ◽  
Mehrdad Hasibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel

Background: Routine blood testing consists of Complete Blood Count (CBC) indices together with Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) which have significant roles in both diagnosis and prognosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: A total number of 942 COVID-19 patients and 400 healthy persons as the control group were enrolled in this study. All patients were admitted to a single center and were divided into two groups according to disease severity (severe or non-severe). Routine laboratory findings of peripheral blood sample were collected and then analyzed. Results: Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) had the highest sensitivity and specificity value for COVID-19 diagnosis. Among patients with different severities of COVID-19, the amount of neutrophil, NLR, platelet, hemoglobin, Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) and total bilirubin was significantly different (p<0.01). Conclusion: Some indices of complete blood count and comprehensive metabolic panel have diagnostic and prognostic roles in COVID-19 patients, which are helpful in early diagnosis, predicting severity and adverse outcomes of patients with COVID-19.

Evaluation of Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase and Albumin in HIV Infected Patients: A Historical Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Samaneh Vaziri-Amjad ◽  
Poorandokht Davoodi ◽  
Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: Saliva is a very important complex biological oral fluid .Antioxidants are present in all body fluids. Uric acid, albumin and vitamins are some of the non- enzymatic molecular antioxidants. Alkaline phosphatase is related to cell injury and death. Objective: The aim of this study was the evaluation of salivary alkaline phosphatase and albumin level in HIV positive patients in comparison to healthy control group. Methods: Case groups were 49 HIV positive subjects, compared with 49 healthy control group. Oral clinical examination was carried out. Five ml unstimulated whole saliva was collected during 5 min with the Navazesh method. Alkaline phosphatase was determined by spectrophotometric assay. Albumin was assessed by the nephelometric method. Results: The results of this study showed significantly lower salivary albumin in the case group in comparison to healthy control group (p= 0.001). HIV positive group had greater alkaline phosphatase than the healthy control group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.458). Conclusion: Salivary albumin level was significantly decreased and salivary alkaline phosphatase level slightly increased in HIV positive patients in comparison to healthy control group. All of the HIV infected patients were in early phase of HIV infection with normal immune status. More research is needed to estimate these enzymes changes in late phase of HIV infection and AIDS step.

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