scholarly journals Historical Archives and Born Digital Records

Atlanti ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Snežana Pejović ◽  
Joško Katelan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Archival Profession ◽  
The One

The paper deals with the specificities of handling historical documents when it comes to the application of IC technologies and the creation of new, digital records, in the process of their arrangement, processing, protection and presentation. Besides general attitudes related to this issue, as perceived from the viewpoint of contemporary archival theory and practice, descriptions have been given of the cases from the practice of Montenegro State Archives.The goal of this paper is to draw attention to expert public to the difficulties archival profession in underdeveloped countries is faced with in its efforts to preserve archival cultural heritage, both the one stored in archives, and the one being created with the ever so widely used information technologies through all forms of human activity, including the overall archival practice.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Personal Records in Archival Profession and in Historiography

Atlanti ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Snežana Pejović
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World War ◽  
Mutual Correlation ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Profession ◽  
The One

This paper deals with the private archival material created/owned by a natural person, not a private legal entity. We attempted to ponder the problem of appraising private archives within archival practice from several angles, but also the one of appraising private records in historiography. We analysed mutual relationship between archival and historiographic appraisal of private archives and their influences in that process (both positive and negative ones) from the point of view of both areas. Mutual correlation in the appraisal process is presented through an example of a thematic archival exhibition. This exhibition is about an important international historic event, Rebellion of the Austro-Hungarian sailors on board warships based in Boka Kotorska Bay (presently the territory of Montenegro) that happened 100 years ago, at the very end of the World War I. The exhibited documents were selected from among the corpus of private archives and collections. We believe that an archival and museum exhibition of this kind, organized in Kotor Historical Archives, can be the best way to drew attention of scientists and general public on the importance of identifying, collecting, keeping and consulting (using) private archival records.

scholarly journals Megkésett tisztelgés vagy szakmai aktualitás? A levéltártan alapművének első magyar kiadásáról

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
András Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Archival History ◽  
Basic Work ◽  
Archival Profession ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
First Time

The Dutch Manual of Muller, Feith and Fruin is the basic work of modern archival theory and practice and widely considered to be the “Bible of a modern archivist”. It was published the first time in Hungarian in 2019. Is it a late honour for the past of this profession with some significance just for archival history? How can the permanent influence of the book be explained? The principle of provenance has to be reconsidered at190any time when the archival profession faces new challenges. This study summarizes the most topical challenges of our times generally and for Hungarian archivists particularly to identify fields where the Manual seems to be highly inspiring in. We have to find new ways of arranging and representing archival information, and Dutch Manual seems to offer useful reference in the digital age too.

scholarly journals Retskrivningsordbog mellem to stole

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (50) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Sven Tarp
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Electronic Version ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Information ◽  
Previous Edition ◽  
Knowledge Of Language ◽  
The One ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
And Linguistics

In November 2012, the fourth edition of the official Danish orthographic dictionary, Retskrivningsordbogen, was published by the Danish Language Board which, according to national law, is authorised to establish the official Danish orthography and publish its decisions in the form of a dictionary, now available in both a printed and an electronic version. In order to be high quality, a work of this sort requires knowledge of language policy and linguistics, on the one hand, and lexicography, on the other hand. The article analyses the Retskrivningsordbogen exclusively from the point of view of lexicographic theory and practice, based upon a similar analysis of the previous edition (cf. Tarp 2002). It registers a number of improvements but also some stagnation and new problems in other aspects. The general conclusion is that the Danish Language Board could benefit from lexicographic knowhow as well as the new information technologies, especially with a view to developing the electronic version which should no longer be conceived as a copy of its printed counterpart but as a user-friendly extension with more lemmata and additional data.

Provenienzprinzip und archivisches Denken

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Philipp Messner
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Fundamental Concept ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
Complex Forms

Abstract The following paper discusses the ‘principle of provenance’ as a fundamental concept of archival theory and practice. Whereas traditional archival practice follows an understanding of provenance as singular in origin, current discussions in the field of archival science open up this specific notion of provenance towards more complex forms of contextuality.

Archiving experience: an exploration of the challenges of preserving virtual reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-274
Author(s):  
Zack Lischer-Katz
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to explore the opportunities and challenges that immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies pose for archival theory and practice. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper reviews research on VR adoption in information institutions and the preservation challenges of VR to identify ways in which VR has the potential to disrupt existing archival theory and practice. Findings Existing archival approaches are found to be disrupted by the multi-layered structural characteristics of VR, the part–whole relationships between the technological elements of VR environments and the three-dimensional content they contain and the immersive, experiential nature of VR experiences. This paper argues that drawing on perspectives from phenomenology and digital materiality is helpful for addressing the preservation challenges of VR. Research limitations/implications The findings extend conceptualizations of preservation by identifying gaps in existing preservation approaches to VR and stressing the importance of “experience” as a central element of archival practice and by emphasizing the embodied dimensions of interpreting archival records and the multiple scales of materiality that archival researchers and practitioners should consider to preserve VR. Practical implications These findings provide guidance for digital curators and preservationists by outlining the current thinking on VR preservation and the impact of VR on digital preservation strategies. Originality/value This paper gives new insight into VR as an emerging area of concern to digital curation and preservation and expands archival thinking with new conceptualizations that disrupt existing paradigms.

Experiential Learning in Graduate Archival Education at the University of Botswana

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olefhile Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Real ◽  
The University

Most curriculum components of archival graduate programmes consist of contextual knowledge, archival knowledge, complementary knowledge, practicum, and scholarly research. The practicum, now commonly known as experiential learning in the global hub, is now widely accepted in library and information studies (LIS) education as necessary and important. It is through experiential learning that, over and above the theoretical aspects of a profession, students are provided with the opportunity to learn by doing in a workplace environment. The University of Botswana’s Master’s in Archives and Records Management (MARM) programme has a six weeks experiential learning programme whose purpose is to expose prospective archivists and/or records managers to the real archival world in terms of practice as informed by archival theory. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which the University of Botswana’s experiential learning component exposes students to real-life archival work to put into practice theoretical aspects learnt in the classroom as intended by the university guidelines. This study adopted a qualitative research design and collected data through interviews from participants selected through purposive and snowball sampling strategies. Documentary review supplemented the interviews. The data collected were analysed thematically in line with research objectives. The study determined that experiential learning does indeed expose students to the real world of work. It thus helps to bridge the gap between archival theory and practice for students without archives and records management work experience. For those with prior archival experience, experiential learning does not add value. This study recommends that students with prior archives and records management experience should rather, as an alternative to experiential learning, undertake supervised research, and write a research essay in a chosen thematic area in archives and records management.

Heuristic Algorithms for Waste Load Allocation in a River Basin

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Joshi ◽  
Prasad Modak
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Programming ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Waste Load Allocation ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Waste Load ◽  
On Line ◽  
The One

Waste load allocation for rivers has been a topic of growing interest. Dynamic programming based algorithms are particularly attractive in this context and are widely reported in the literature. Codes developed for dynamic programming are however complex, require substantial computer resources and importantly do not allow interactions of the user. Further, there is always resistance to utilizing mathematical programming based algorithms for practical applications. There has been therefore always a gap between theory and practice in systems analysis in water quality management. This paper presents various heuristic algorithms to bridge this gap with supporting comparisons with dynamic programming based algorithms. These heuristics make a good use of the insight gained in the system's behaviour through experience, a process akin to the one adopted by field personnel and therefore can readily be understood by a user familiar with the system. Also they allow user preferences in decision making via on-line interaction. Experience has shown that these heuristics are indeed well founded and compare very favourably with the sophisticated dynamic programming algorithms. Two examples have been included which demonstrate such a success of the heuristic algorithms.

scholarly journals On Performance of Sparse Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms Using the Aliasing Filter

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Zhikang Jiang ◽  
Jie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Binary Tree Search ◽  
The One ◽  
Sparse Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
L1 And L2

Computing the sparse fast Fourier transform (sFFT) has emerged as a critical topic for a long time because of its high efficiency and wide practicability. More than twenty different sFFT algorithms compute discrete Fourier transform (DFT) by their unique methods so far. In order to use them properly, the urgent topic of great concern is how to analyze and evaluate the performance of these algorithms in theory and practice. This paper mainly discusses the technology and performance of sFFT algorithms using the aliasing filter. In the first part, the paper introduces the three frameworks: the one-shot framework based on the compressed sensing (CS) solver, the peeling framework based on the bipartite graph and the iterative framework based on the binary tree search. Then, we obtain the conclusion of the performance of six corresponding algorithms: the sFFT-DT1.0, sFFT-DT2.0, sFFT-DT3.0, FFAST, R-FFAST, and DSFFT algorithms in theory. In the second part, we make two categories of experiments for computing the signals of different SNRs, different lengths, and different sparsities by a standard testing platform and record the run time, the percentage of the signal sampled, and the L0, L1, and L2 errors both in the exactly sparse case and the general sparse case. The results of these performance analyses are our guide to optimize these algorithms and use them selectively.

scholarly journals Structured-light 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothing—a first-ever methodical trial and its results

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Montusiewicz ◽  
Marek Miłosz ◽  
Jacek Kęsik ◽  
Kamil Żyła
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Scanning ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
3D Scanners

AbstractHistorical costumes are part of cultural heritage. Unlike architectural monuments, they are very fragile, which exacerbates the problems of their protection and popularisation. A big help in this can be the digitisation of their appearance, preferably using modern techniques of three-dimensional representation (3D). The article presents the results of the search for examples and methodologies of implementing 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothes as well as the attendant problems. From a review of scientific literature it turns out that so far practically no one in the world has made any methodical attempts at scanning historical clothes using structured-light 3D scanners (SLS) and developing an appropriate methodology. The vast majority of methods for creating 3D models of clothes used photogrammetry and 3D modelling software. Therefore, an innovative approach was proposed to the problem of creating 3D models of exhibited historical clothes through their digitalisation by means of a 3D scanner using structural light technology. A proposal for the methodology of this process and concrete examples of its implementation and results are presented. The problems related to the scanning of 3D historical clothes are also described, as well as a proposal how to solve them or minimise their impact. The implementation of the methodology is presented on the example of scanning elements of the Emir of Bukhara's costume (Uzbekistan) from the end of the nineteenth century, consisting of the gown, turban and shoes. Moreover, the way of using 3D models and information technologies to popularise cultural heritage in the space of digital resources is also discussed.

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