scholarly journals Megkésett tisztelgés vagy szakmai aktualitás? A levéltártan alapművének első magyar kiadásáról

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
András Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Archival History ◽  
Basic Work ◽  
Archival Profession ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
First Time

The Dutch Manual of Muller, Feith and Fruin is the basic work of modern archival theory and practice and widely considered to be the “Bible of a modern archivist”. It was published the first time in Hungarian in 2019. Is it a late honour for the past of this profession with some significance just for archival history? How can the permanent influence of the book be explained? The principle of provenance has to be reconsidered at190any time when the archival profession faces new challenges. This study summarizes the most topical challenges of our times generally and for Hungarian archivists particularly to identify fields where the Manual seems to be highly inspiring in. We have to find new ways of arranging and representing archival information, and Dutch Manual seems to offer useful reference in the digital age too.

scholarly journals Historical Archives and Born Digital Records

Atlanti ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Snežana Pejović ◽  
Joško Katelan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Archival Profession ◽  
The One

The paper deals with the specificities of handling historical documents when it comes to the application of IC technologies and the creation of new, digital records, in the process of their arrangement, processing, protection and presentation. Besides general attitudes related to this issue, as perceived from the viewpoint of contemporary archival theory and practice, descriptions have been given of the cases from the practice of Montenegro State Archives.The goal of this paper is to draw attention to expert public to the difficulties archival profession in underdeveloped countries is faced with in its efforts to preserve archival cultural heritage, both the one stored in archives, and the one being created with the ever so widely used information technologies through all forms of human activity, including the overall archival practice.

scholarly journals Kellenek-e archívumok a digitális korban?

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Iván Székely
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Archival History ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Information And Communication

Az archívumi elmélet és gyakorlat jelentős kihívásokkal szembesül, amiben kiemelt szerepe van az információs és kommunikációs technológiák gyors fejlődésének és elterjedésének. A mai “digitális forradalom” közegében az információs szuperhatalmak és a techno-optimista vizionáriusok jóslatai szerint minden információ rögzítésre és megőrzésre kerül, és bárhol, bármikor elérhető lesz. Az egymást követő archívumi paradigmák domináns információs műveleteinek elemzése azt mutatja, hogy a mai internetalapú szolgáltatások az archívumi intézmények összes fő funkcióját tömeges méretekben replikálják, legalábbis az alapvető információs műveletek szintjén. Mindezen fejlemények ellenére a szerző úgy érvel, hogy a digitális korban az archívumokat nem fenyegeti a megszüntetés vagy a funkcióvesztés veszélye, és nem csupán az intézményi tradíciók miatt, hanem a kontextus megőrzésében és a fizikai példányok őrzésében betöltött szerepük, továbbá intézményi felelősségük miatt, ami a jövőben is fontos társadalmi, jogi és igazgatási igény marad. --- Do we need archives in the digital age? Archival theory and practice are facing significant challenges due to the rapid development and application of information and communication technologies. Today, in the “digital revolution” the information superpowers and the techno-optimistic visionaries prognosticate that all information will be recorded and preserved forever, and made available anywhere, any time. The analysis of the dominant information operators of the archival institutions in the respective paradigms of archival history shows that today’s internet-based services can replicate all the main functions of the archival institutions, at least at the level of the fundamental information operators, on a mass scale. Despite these developments, the author argues that archives are under no direct threat of being closed down or of losing their function in the digital age, not only because of institutional inertia and traditions, but also because their role in preserving context and preserving physical copies, and their institutional responsibility will continue to be an important social, legal and administrative requirement in the future, too.

scholarly journals Modern Thesis Research of Linguoculturological Factors in the Theory and Practice of Translation: Approaches, Gaps, Prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
N. V. Timko
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Problems Of Translation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Oriented Research

The thesis research carried out over the past 11 years in line with the culturally oriented concept of translation is considered. The main views on the problems of translation presented in more than 200 thesis in the specialty 10.02.20 for 2009—2020 are summarized. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt is made to review thesis research on translation topics, considering the “cultural component” as an anticommunicative factor that requires neutralization during translation. The relevance of studying this issue is due to the need to systematize diverse and sometimes contradictory studies in the field of translation, as well as to identify scientific gaps in the translation paradigm that need to be filled. In the process of work, the methods of generalization and interpretation of the results revealed the main approaches to the study of key concepts of translation studies: comparative-transformational and communicative-functional. The key concepts relevant for the study of the factor “culture” in translation were “linguo-ethnic barrier”, “without / equivalence”, “non / translatability”, “strategies for linguocultural adaptation of the text”. Particular attention is paid to identifying problem areas of the science of translation that require further development, which will expand the understanding of the state of modern translation, culturally oriented research, as well as contribute to the general theory of translation. 

Experiential Learning in Graduate Archival Education at the University of Botswana

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olefhile Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Real ◽  
The University

Most curriculum components of archival graduate programmes consist of contextual knowledge, archival knowledge, complementary knowledge, practicum, and scholarly research. The practicum, now commonly known as experiential learning in the global hub, is now widely accepted in library and information studies (LIS) education as necessary and important. It is through experiential learning that, over and above the theoretical aspects of a profession, students are provided with the opportunity to learn by doing in a workplace environment. The University of Botswana’s Master’s in Archives and Records Management (MARM) programme has a six weeks experiential learning programme whose purpose is to expose prospective archivists and/or records managers to the real archival world in terms of practice as informed by archival theory. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which the University of Botswana’s experiential learning component exposes students to real-life archival work to put into practice theoretical aspects learnt in the classroom as intended by the university guidelines. This study adopted a qualitative research design and collected data through interviews from participants selected through purposive and snowball sampling strategies. Documentary review supplemented the interviews. The data collected were analysed thematically in line with research objectives. The study determined that experiential learning does indeed expose students to the real world of work. It thus helps to bridge the gap between archival theory and practice for students without archives and records management work experience. For those with prior archival experience, experiential learning does not add value. This study recommends that students with prior archives and records management experience should rather, as an alternative to experiential learning, undertake supervised research, and write a research essay in a chosen thematic area in archives and records management.

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
А. Н. Сухов
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Structure Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This given article reveals the topicality not only of destructive, but also of constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. Practically it has been done for the first time. It also describes the history of the formation of both foreign and domestic social conflictology. At the same time, the chronology of the development of the latter is restored and presented objectively, in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The article deals with the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The subject of social conflictology includes the regularities of their occurrence and manifestation at various levels, spheres and conditions, including normal, complicated and extreme ones. Social conflictology includes the theory and practice of diagnosing, resolving, and resolving social conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics, and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is no accident that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Social conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot of work to be done, both in theory and in application, for its complete design. At present, there is an urgent need to develop conflict-related competence not only of professionals, but also for various groups of the population.

The Nature of Degrowth: Theorising the Core of Nature for the Degrowth Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasi Heikkurinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Radical Reduction ◽  
Nature Experience ◽  
Matter Energy

This article investigates human–nature relations in the light of the recent call for degrowth, a radical reduction of matter–energy throughput in over-producing and over-consuming cultures. It outlines a culturally sensitive response to a (conceived) paradox where humans embedded in nature experience alienation and estrangement from it. The article finds that if nature has a core, then the experienced distance makes sense. To describe the core of nature, three temporal lenses are employed: the core of nature as ‘the past’, ‘the future’, and ‘the present’. It is proposed that while the degrowth movement should be inclusive of temporal perspectives, the lens of the present should be emphasised to balance out the prevailing romanticism and futurism in the theory and practice of degrowth.

scholarly journals Device-independent quantum key distribution with random key basis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
René Schwonnek ◽  
Koon Tong Goh ◽  
Ignatius W. Primaatmaja ◽  
Ernest Y.-Z. Tan ◽  
Ramona Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Bell Inequality ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Information Theoretic Security ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Secret Keys ◽  
Simple Variant ◽  
First Time

AbstractDevice-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is the art of using untrusted devices to distribute secret keys in an insecure network. It thus represents the ultimate form of cryptography, offering not only information-theoretic security against channel attacks, but also against attacks exploiting implementation loopholes. In recent years, much progress has been made towards realising the first DIQKD experiments, but current proposals are just out of reach of today’s loophole-free Bell experiments. Here, we significantly narrow the gap between the theory and practice of DIQKD with a simple variant of the original protocol based on the celebrated Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality. By using two randomly chosen key generating bases instead of one, we show that our protocol significantly improves over the original DIQKD protocol, enabling positive keys in the high noise regime for the first time. We also compute the finite-key security of the protocol for general attacks, showing that approximately 108–1010 measurement rounds are needed to achieve positive rates using state-of-the-art experimental parameters. Our proposed DIQKD protocol thus represents a highly promising path towards the first realisation of DIQKD in practice.

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