AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN FLAVONOID EKSTRAK BIJI KURMA

Date seeds are waste from palm fruit processing that has not been utilized optimally. Date seeds contain flavonoids which are known to act as antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and flavonoid of methanol extract which was carried out by soxhletation and its fractionation results. Date seeds are made into simplicia, soxhlet extraction with methanol, then the methanol extract is fractionated in stages by liquid-liquid partition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Each fraction and extract was determined by its antioxidant activity with the DPPH method and its flavonoid was determined by spectrophotometry. Ethyl acetate fraction has the strongest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC50 value, that is equal to 5.74 ± 0.05μg/mL, followed by methanol extract of 9.55±0.53 μg/mL, n-butanol fraction 19.73±0,58 μg/mL, and n-hexane fraction of 289.59±10.52 μg/mL, while the IC50 value for vitamin C as a positive control was 4.29±0.74 μg/mL. The highest flavonoids were produced from ethyl acetate fractions which amounted to 1484.33 ± 161.47 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE) / 100 g, followed respectively by methanol extract of 282.84±13.72 mg QE/100 g.

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Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Date(Phoenix Dactylifera) Seed Extracts

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1018.0782s719 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S7) ◽

pp. 87-89

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method

Dates consisting of 90% flesh have been known to have various benefits, but the remaining 10% of them in the form of seeds has not been utilized optimally. The date palm contains a fairly high polyphenol compound, which can act as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of methanol extract and fractionation of the extract of dates using the in vitro method of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil). The date seeds are made into simplicia, macerated with methanol, and then the extracted methanol is gradually fractionated by n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. Each fraction and extract is phytochemically screened using the standard methods and its antioxidant activity is determined by DPPH method. Methanol extract, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions contain tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponin, while the n-hexane fraction not contain phytochemical compound based on the phytochemical screening. The ethyl acetate fraction has the strongest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC50 value, that is equal to 3.72 ± 0.44 μg/mL, followed by methanol extract of 4.71 ± 0.64 μg/mL, n-butanol fraction of 6.62 ± 0.08 μg/mL, water fraction of 53.00 ± 18.96 μg/mL, and n-hexane fraction of 250.19 ± 9.69 μg/ mL, while the IC50 value of vitamin C as the positive control is 4.29 ± 0.74 μg/mL. Therefore, date seeds can be a source of natural antioxidants

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PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA) LEAVES

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s6.33524 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

FONA QORINA ◽

ADE ARSIANTI ◽

QOTRUNNADA FITHROTUNNISA ◽

NADZILA ANINDYA TEJAPUTRI

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Tropical Plant ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method

Objective: Soursop (Annona muricata) is a tropical plant which has been utilized as a folk medicine to treat many diseases including cancer, inflammation and parasitic infection. In this study, we investigated its phytochemistry properties and antioxidant activity against free radicals. Methods: Annona muricata leaves were extracted in three different solvents: ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Afterwards, a phytochemistry test and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method were used to evaluate bioactive compounds contained in the three different extracts. Antioxidant activity from the semi-polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (ethanol) solvents were evaluated by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method, and the antioxidant activity is expressed by IC50 value. The results were compared to ascorbic acid as a positive control. Results: The phytochemistry test showed that the extracts were positive for flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and tannins. Moreover, TLC analysis revealed that there were three chemical compounds contained in the extracts. The results from the DPPH method were that ethanolic extract was shown to have the most potent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 35.51 ppm. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Annona muricata could be developed as the next promising natural antioxidant source.

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Antioxidant Activity of n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol Extract from Lakoocha Leaves (Artocarpus lacucha Buch.-Ham) using DPPH Method

Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.32734/idjpcr.v1i2.433 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan ◽

Mardiana

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method

This study aimed to investigate phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract from lakoocha leaves. The powdered simplicia was macerated with n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol 96% successively, filtered, then concentrated using rotary evaporator to obtain n–hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity was performed against these extracts. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer at wavelength of 516 nm after incubated for 60 minutes in dark place. Quercetin was used as positive control. The result of phytochemical screening showed n-hexane extract contains steroid, ethyl acetate extract contain steroid, tannin, glycoside, flavonoid and saponin, whereas ethanol extract contain tannin, glycoside, flavonoid and saponin. The IC50 value of n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract was 1062.03±1.42 ppm, 323.18±0.02 ppm and 99.23±0.07 ppm respectively, whereas for quercetin was 2.32±0.01 ppm. This study showed that ethanol extract had antioxidant activity with strong category whereas n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate extract had inactive antioxidant activity with very weak categories. Keyword: Antioxidant Activity, DPPH, Lakoocha leaf

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FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG Chisocheton sp. (C.DC) Harms (Meliaceae)

CHEMISTRY PROGRESS ◽

10.35799/cp.13.2.2020.31672 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dewa Gede Katja

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Test Results ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Stem Bark Extract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan dari setiap ekstrak kulit batang Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae). Hasil ekstraksi 200 g serbuk kulit batang Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae) dengan n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol masing-masing dengan 2000 mL berturut-turut menghasilkan 7,193 g ekstrak pekat n-heksana, 8,798 g ekstrak pekat etil asetat dan 18,683 g ekstrak pekat metanol. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan adanya golongan senyawa flavonoid, triterpenoid dan tanin. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana memberikan nilai IC50 sebesar 337,28 µg/mL, ekstrak metanol sebesar 216,73 µg/mL, dan ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 199,89 µg/mL yang berarti etil asetat memiliki kemampuan yang paling besar dalam menangkap radikal bebas.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was determine the class of secondary metabolite compounds and antioxidant activity of each stem bark extract of Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae). The results of the extraction of 200 g Chisocheton sp. C.DC Harms (Meliaceae) with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol with 2000 mL each yielded 7,193 g of concentrated extract n-hexane, 8,798 g of concentrated extract of ethyl acetate and 18,683 g of concentrated methanol extract. Phytochemical test results showed the presence of flavonoid, triterpenoid and tannin compounds. The results of the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed that the n-hexane extract gave an IC50 value of 337,28 µg/mL, methanol extract was 216,73 µg/mL, and ethyl acetate extract was 199,89 µg/mL which means that ethyl acetate has the ability to greatest in capturing free radicals.

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Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities From Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Curry Leaf Using DPPH Method

Elkawnie ◽

10.22373/ekw.v7i1.8059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ulil Amna ◽

Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah ◽

Furqan Nur Ihsan ◽

Puji Wahyuningsih

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Murraya Koenigii ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract: Curry Plant (Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng) is one of the plants that thrive in Indonesia. Curry contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids and flavonoids that have the potential as antioxidants. Antioxidants can reduce the activity of free radicals that can cause degenerative diseases such as cancer, coronary heart disease, and premature ageing of body cells by donating the protons to free radical compounds. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and identify the active compound class of ethyl acetate fraction from curry leaves. Separation of secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate extracts was carried out by column chromatography method, which obtained 5 different fractions. The antioxidant activity of fractions A, B, C, D, and E was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method with variations concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm, and ascorbic acid was used as a comparison which measured at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that fractions A and E have weak antioxidant activities, while fractions B, C, and D showed moderate antioxidant activities. The highest antioxidant activity was found in fraction B with an IC50 value of 341.38 ppm, where the fraction showed the presence of secondary metabolites of alkaloids and terpenoids.Abstrak: Tanaman kari ((Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang tersebar di Indonesia. Kari mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid dan flavonoid yang memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Antioksidan dapat mengurangi aktivitas radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit degeneratif seperti kanker, penyakit jantung coroner dan penuaan sel dengan cara menyumbangkan proton pada senyawa radikal bebas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dan mengidentifikasi kelas senyawa aktif fraksi etil asetat dari daun kari. Pemisahan metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak etil asetat dilakukan menggunakan metode kromatografi kolom dengan menghasilkan 5 fraksi yang berbeda. Aktivitas antioksidan dari fraksi A, B, C ,D ,dan E dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-pikrilhydrazil) dengan variasi konsentrasi 25, 50, 100, 200, dan 400 ppm dan asam askorbat digunakan sebagai perbandingan yang diukur pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi A dan E memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah, sedangkan fraksi B, C, dan D menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan sedang. Aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi ditemukan pada fraksi B dengan IC50 341,38 ppm. Fraksi tersebut menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid dan terpenoid.

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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ASCIDIAN MARINE INVERTEBRATES, DIDEMNUM SP.

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/jap.2018.v10s1.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Berna Elya ◽

Yasman . ◽

Zulfa Edawati

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Water Fractions

Objective: This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of samples of the ascidian Didemnum sp. collected from Seribu Islands, Jakarta.Methods: Antioxidant activity was tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Didemnum sp. was extracted into methanol andthen fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Fractions with the highest antioxidant activity were further fractionated using acceleratedcolumn chromatography.Results: The concentration of sample that reduced the DPPH radical by 50% (IC50) in a methanol extract of Didemnum sp. was 105.10 μg/mL. The ethylacetate fraction had the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 of 90.804 μg/mL). The most active fraction obtained from accelerated column chromatographyfraction had an IC50 of 86.35 μg/mL. The compounds contained in the most active fractions were alkaloids, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, andglycosides.Conclusion: The methanol extract of the ascidian Didemnum sp. exhibited antioxidant activity. Fractionation of the Didemnum sp. extract showed thatthe ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant activity. Further, fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction by accelerated column chromatographyshowed that fraction VI had the highest antioxidant activity. The most active fraction contained alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins, andglycosides.

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Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Extract, Ethyl Acetate Fraction, and n-Heksan Fraction Mangosteen Peels (Garcinia mangostana L.) As Source of Bioactive Substance Free-Radical Scavengers

JPSCR Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research ◽

10.20961/jpscr.v1i2.1936 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Liza Pratiwi ◽

Achmad Fudholi ◽

Ronny Martien ◽

Suwidjiyo Pramono

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Garcinia Mangostana ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Peel Extract

Mangosteen peels (Garcinia mangostana L.) is well known as an excellent source of antioxidative compounds. The name of mangosteen is xanthone. Antioxidant of mangosteen peels can be extracted by ethanol, etyl acetate and can be fractinated by etyl acetate and n-hexane. The aim of this research was to compare the antioxidant activity of the peel extract by ethanol and etyl acetate and fractinated by etyl acetate and n-hexane. Extract and fraction exhibited higher scavenging activity of DPPH. The purpose of this study was to compare antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract, fraction of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction. The antioxidant activity test using DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Ethanol extract shown IC50 value 5,03 µg/mL, ethyl acetate extract shown IC50 value 41,56 µg/mL. Ethyl acetate fraction shown IC50 value 2,78 µg/mL, and n-hexane fraction with IC50 22,33 µg/mL. It means peel extract and fraction by mangosteen peels has very strong antioxidant activity and ethyl acetate fraction that its antioxidant activity higher that the other solvent.

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Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition α-Glucosidase of Ethanol Extract of Strychnos nitida G. Don and Identification of Active Compounds

Current Biochemistry ◽

10.29244/cb.5.3.11-20 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

Stefani Dhale Rale ◽

Hasim Hasim ◽

Syamsul Falah

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Activity Inhibition ◽

Activity Test ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Treatment Of Diabetes

This study aims to find the treatment of diabetes using natural materials by exploring plants in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. his research was conducted out by extracting the Strychnos nitida G.Don stem using a method of maceration by ethanol 70%. Ethanol extract was then fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Simplicia from maceration and fractionation results were then tested for antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and identification of active compounds. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the lowest IC50 value of 86.83 μg / ml. Results of the α-glucosidase activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction and n-heksan fraction at 900 ppm had the highest percentage of inhibition of 34.23% and 33.89%. Identification using LCMS/MS method showed that ethyl acetate fraction consist of Benzenemethamine, N, N-dioctyl- as an antioxidantcompound and compound 24-methyl-5-cholestone-hexol as an antidiabetic compound. From the results of this study, we concluded that the extract of kayu ular Strychnos nitida G.Don stem has inhibition activity toward α-glucosidase enzyme.

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Limpasu Pericarpium : an Alternative Source of Antioxidant From Borneo with Sequential Maceration Method

Jurnal Profesi Medika Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ◽

10.33533/jpm.v15i1.2820 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Irfan Zamzani ◽

Nita Triadisti

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Oxidation Process ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Indigenous Plant ◽

Ic50 Values

Antioxidants are substances that can slow down the oxidation process of free radicals. Limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq) Muell. Arg), an indigenous plant of Borneo, is a natural antioxidant source. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract. The extraction of the limpasu pericarpium was done by maceration method using solvents with increasing polarity ranging from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The IC50 values of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts, as well as quercetin using the DPPH method were 517,45 µg/mL, 530,64 µg/mL, 10,63 µg/mL and 6,83 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values obtained from FRAP method were 198,96 µg/mL, 190,07 µg/mL, 661,36 µg/mL, and 7,09 µg/mL, respectively. The results revealed that the methanol extract is more potent than other extracts tested for antioxidant activity.

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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS FROM ETHYL ACETATE AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF GARCINIA DAEDALANTHERA PIERRE LEAVES

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.61 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

Anisa Puspitaningrum ◽

Berna Elya ◽

Katrin .

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Column Chromatography ◽

Spectrum Analysis ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Uv Light ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Dpph Method

Objective: This study aimed to isolate and characterize the compounds responsible for the high antioxidant activities of the ethyl acetate and methanolextracts of Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre leaves.Methods: In this study, the ethyl acetate extract was obtained by column chromatography, and the methanol extract was obtained by vacuum columnchromatography. The mobile phase comprised n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol with increased polarity. Antioxidant activity was examined usingthe 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The fraction with the highest antioxidant activity was purified through column chromatography,recrystallization, and preparative thin-layer chromatography. This fraction, termed the isolate of B, was identified using DPPH and AlCl3, and itsantioxidant activity was quantitatively tested.Results: From this research, 21.7 mg of the isolate of B were obtained with an IC50 of 5.82 μg/mL. Identification using an AlCl3 sprayer producedyellow phosphorescent spots under UV light. UV-Vis spectrum analysis revealed the presence of an aromatic compound and conjugated double bonds.Infrared spectrum analysis revealed the presence of −OH, C–H alkane, C=C aromatic, C=O, and C-O-C groups.Conclusion: Based on this research, 21.7 mg of the isolate of B was derived through fractionation of the methanol extract, and this isolate exhibitedantioxidant activity with an IC50 of 5.82 μg/mL. The isolate of B was considered to be a flavonoid, as it was fluorescent under UV light (366 nm) afterbeing sprayed with AlCl3 reagent.

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