scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF SPATIAL PROPORTIONS OF MODERN RUSSIA’S DEVELOPMENT: DIRECTIONS, RATES, FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Evgeniya A. Kolomak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Center Periphery

The paper studies the spatial proportions of Russian development and their change since the beginning of the XXI century. Several indicators of economic activity are used: population, employment, fixed assets and GRP. Several directions of transformation are considered: West-East, "center" - "periphery", regions of mining and processing specialization. The methods of research are the Theil index and estimates of regression equations. The analysis showed that there is a movement of economic activity from East to West, from the "periphery" to the "center" and from resource to manufacturing regions, the combination of these processes leads to higher concentration and growth of interregional differences in the country. Spatial changes in modern Russia are influenced by factors of market and agglomeration nature, such as the capacity and availability of markets, the presence of large cities, acting as centers of development.

scholarly journals МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СТРУКТУРНОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ КРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
USIK I.,
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformation ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
Production Industry

У статті розкрито основи моделювання структурноїтрансформації економіки країни в умовах глобалізаційних викликів.Побудована система економетричних моделей розвитку економікикраїни за такими видами економічної діяльності: промисловість, сільськегосподарство, будівництво, транспорт та зв'язок та сфера послуг.Формування системи економетричних моделей за кожним видомекономічної діяльності здійснювалося на основі даних за 2001−2018 рр. затакими параметрами: доходи бюджету країни; інвестиції в основнийкапітал; обсяг основних фондів в галузі виробництва; чисельністьзайнятих; випуск товарів та послуг за галуззю виробництва. На основісистеми економетричних моделей розвитку економіки країни здійсненопрогнозування структури економіки на 2019−2022 рр., проведена оцінкаструктурної трансформації та виявлено, що в економіці України з2010 р. намітилася тенденція до збільшення частки валового випуску всфері послуг. Прогнозна структура економіки країни дозволяє розробитизаходи державної політики щодо стабілізації економіки від наслідківможливої структурної трансформації. The article describes the basics of modeling of the structuraltransformation of the country's economy in the context of globalizationchallenges. A system of econometric models of the country's economydevelopment based on the following types of economic activity: industry,agriculture, construction, transport, communications and services. Theformation of a system of econometric models for each type of economic activitywas carried out on the basis of data for 2001−2018 according to the followingparameters: budget revenues of the country; investment in fixed assets; thevolume of fixed assets in the field of production; number to take; production ofgoods and services for the production industry. On the basis of the system ofeconometric models of the country's economy development, the forecasting ofthe structure of the economy for 2019−2022 was carried out, an assessment ofthe structural transformation was carried out, and it was found that in theUkrainian economy since 2010 there was a tendency to increase the share ofgross output in the service sector. The predicted structure of the country'seconomy allows developing state policy measures to stabilize the economyfrom the effects of a possible structural transformation.

scholarly journals Determinants of City Growth in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Inna Manaeva ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Kanishcheva ◽  
Anna Tkacheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Effect

Today in Russia there are 1120 cities that are located in the territories with varying degrees of concentration. In the federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation, there is a wide disparity not only in the size of cities, but also in their growth rates. At a decrease in the population in small cities, there is an increase in big towns and cities with more than one million inhabitants. This trend shows the “attraction” of the population from regions into capital cities. The aim of the article is to assess the effects of factors that can influence the growth of a city in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the influence of external (infrastructure, security) and internal (economic, social, infrastructure, human capital, environmental situation) factors on the growth of cities. The paper presents a system of factor indicators of urban growth. Cities of different sizes have different levels of life standard, and therefore author’s methodology was tested in terms of urban sizes: towns, medium-sized cities, large cities, million-plus cities. The significant factors in the growth of millionplus cities in the Russian Federation are the initial population size and average monthly wages. The growth in the population of large cities is negatively affected by the spatial concentration of industrial enterprises. A high level of average monthly wages contributes to an increase in the population of this type of cities. A significant positive impact on the growth of large cities depends on the concentration of mining industry, volume of investments in fixed assets, number of doctors. The concentration of mining industrial production has a positive effect on the basic growth rate of medium-sized cities. The concentration of manufacturing and the volume of investment in fixed assets have a significant positive effect on the growth of small towns. The practical significance of the obtained results consists in the possibility of creation of a methodological toolkit for the assessment of urban systems of the region, which can become the basis for the development of an algorithm for the strategic planning of the spatial development of cities in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Female Ownership of Fixed Assets in Nepal: A Regional Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Shiba Prasad Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Online Database ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Female Ownership

 Fixed assets especially house and land have significant importance in wealth, social security and power in Nepal. Ownership over these assets has greater implications in women’s status within households and communities. This also decides the economic dependence or independence and provides the means to be engaged in productive economic activity. The present study aims at analyzing the regional pattern of female ownership of fixed assets- house and land. Relevant data were acquired from a desk review of published and unpublished literature including online database. The study finds that there is a great gender discrepancy in ownership of fixed assets in Nepal and this varies across ecological zones and provinces. Female ownership of both land and house is associated with 10.7 percent while only 9.0 percent have ownership of land only. Tarai shows relatively positive condition as compared to other ecological zones with female ownership of 12.3 percent households with house and land and 10.5 percent with only land. Among provinces, the most negative situation exists in the province six as compared to others. The socio-cultural barriers are still a major challenge for women’s ownership of property in Nepal.The Third Pole: Journal of GeographyVol. 17: 73-82, 2017

scholarly journals The role and development perspectives of small towns in central Serbia

Spatium ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Spasic ◽  
Jasna Petric
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Social Exchanges ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Classification ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
The One

The link between urban centers and the countryside, including movement of people, goods, capital and other social exchanges, play an important role in processes of rural and urban change of a country. Major demographic and spatial changes have been typical for Serbia in the second half of the 20th century, caused by a dynamic primary urbanization process, i.e. by intense migration trends between rural areas and towns (cities). A special attention in this paper is given to the small urban centers in Serbia (small towns with population of less than 20,000) as the first magnet in proximate contact with the rural surroundings, and the one that therefore could have the greatest influence on organization structure and development prospects of the rural areas. In addition to being difficult to substantiate criteria for urban classification, small towns themselves do not represent a homogeneous group of settlements, and this makes it even harder to put up generalizations that would fit to all the settlements of this kind either within our country or cross-borders. However, here are identified certain common features for the small towns in Central Serbia and their development perspective is analyzed in relation to medium towns and cities of the same territory in consideration. Finally, this paper discusses the importance of policies for small town development in light of a real risk that the process of globalisation may lead to the justification of a new concentration of activities in the large cities, increasing the already significant regional differences in living conditions and economic development.

scholarly journals Economic Security Formation of Enterprise Under the Conditions of Steady Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Oksana Hryvkivska ◽  
Nataliia Kotvytska ◽  
Natalia Ivanova ◽  
Nataliia Pryimak ◽  
Iryna Salkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Cost

The most relevant aspects of achieving economic security of enterprises are determined in the article. The assessment of the level of economic security was conducted using the method of analysis of the functioning environment. The focal points of the assessment are interests, threats and resources. The possibility of economic security strengthening of business entities is traced using analysis of economic activity of mechanical engineering companies of Vinnytsia region of Ukraine as an example. At the same time, businesses that cannot cover the cost of resources with the income from goods sale in the current year were singled out. Businesses entities positioning in the functioning environment in the context of economic security motivation (interests - increase in enterprise income, threats - growth of current and long-term liabilities, resources - use of fixed assets and employees), allowed to find opportunities to increase the efficiency of enterprises that to the greater extent are related to the manufacturing of machinery and equipment.

scholarly journals Features of territorial organization of population resettlement of the coastal strip of the Ukrainian Black Sea Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-756
Author(s):  
Vitaliy A. Sych ◽  
Victoria V. Yavorska ◽  
Igor V. Hevko ◽  
Katherine V. Kolomiyets ◽  
Inna M. Shorobura
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Territorial Structure

This article deals with the features of population settlement within the Ukrainian Black Sea region and its coastal zone. It is emphasized that the problems of coastal resettlement, the factors that determine it, are highlighted in the works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists. The purpose of the work is to find out the features of the population settlement in the region of the Ukrainian Black Sea region. In the studied region, due to the territorial differentiation of economic activity, change in the intensity of economic use of the territory and the population density can be distinguished by the coastal, middle and peripheral economic zones. It was established that the supporting framework of urban settlement in the Ukrainian Black Sea region is characterized by a fairly sparse network, and the settlement process itself is in many respects still in the stage of formation, incompleteness. Unlike the whole region, for the coastal zone, the more prevalent network of urban settlements, which are represented within the coastal zone not only by small and medium, but also large cities (Odesa, Mykolaiv, Kherson), has contributed to the formation of urban agglomerations with wide distribution functions. In the zones of attraction of large cities, a new type of settlement was formed - in fact, suburban. In the Odesa metropolitan area, there are two powerful, fast-developing planning axes - Odesa- Chornomorsk and Odessa-Yuzhne. Seaside-facade linear planning organization agglomeration repeats the restructuring of the territorial structure of Odesa itself, which in the second half of the twentieth century turned from a city with a compact building pattern into a linear city, stretching along the sea bay. In the coastal zone of the Ukrainian Black Sea region, which occupies one third of the region’s area, live 65.0% of the total number of inhabitants of the region. The density of urban settlement network here is 1.5-2.0 times higher than the average indicators of the region, urban processes in the coastal zone are characterized by greater intensity. Small cities of the coastal zone in genetic typing are mainly seaport cities, urban-type settlements, and resort and recreation in character. More than 40% of the rural population is concentrated in the coastal regions and tends to agglomeration, which, in its turn, causes a steady flow of  the settlement network from areas remote from the centers of economic activity. In the last 5 years, the demographic situation, both  in the region as a whole and in the coastal zone, has deteriorated significantly, and here, as in other districts, depopulation is evident. The prospects for the development of the coastal resettlement system are directly related to the further intensification of maritime and recreational activities, and, first of all, with the development of recreational, tourist and port infrastructure.

scholarly journals The Impact of Monetary Policy on the Investment Complex of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-29
Author(s):  
A. O. Baranov ◽  
E. V. Ageeva
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact

An active discussion continues in Russia regarding the monetary instruments used and the degree of their impact on economic dynamics. The article examines the impact of the monetary policy implemented by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the investment complex in the period from 2000 to 2021. For this period, an analysis of the dependence characterizing the investment complex of Russia on the monetary policy is carried out. In the paper, the investment complex is considered with a breakdown into mechanical engineering, residential and non-residential construction, investments in fixed assets. At the same time, mechanical engineering is studied in detail with a breakdown into subsections of Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities and, additionally, for five enlarged industries. Most of the constructed regression equations demonstrate a statistically significant effect of indicators that are influenced by monetary policy instruments on the dynamics of the main indicators of the investment complex. For example, the interest rate affects the overwhelming number of variables under consideration, and the money supply affects each type of investment in fixed assets, in contrast to other independent variables. For the predominant part of the equations, the value of the coefficient of determination is more than 80%, which indicates a good quality of the model and reliably selected explanatory variables. Based on the results of the calculations, it was concluded that monetary policy has an impact on the investment complex of Russia. This determines its importance for the formation of promising dynamics of the Russian economy.

Formation and Reproduction of the Material Technology Basis of Agricultural Sphere

2018 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Material Technology ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Dynamic Series ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
Theoretical Developments

The article reveals the economic essence of the material and technical base of agrarian enterprises. The study considers the causal link between the availability and the formation of the material and technical base of the agrarian enterprises and economic growth. The material and technical basis of agriculture is considered as a combination of land, material and production resources, material and technical elements and biological resources interdependent and interrelated, involved in achieving current and strategic goals. The research methodology is based on theoretical developments and scientific tools that includes methods for constructing dynamic series, comparative and economic analysis, and allows to systematize, unify and identify the directions of reproduction of the material and technical base of the agrarian sphere for further economic development. The source of the research was the value and structure of Ukraine's fixed assets by type of economic activity, published by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, taking into account the period 2000-2017, as well as data on the availability of machinery and power facilities in agriculture in the dynamics. The ways of solving problems of reproduction and updating of basic means of agriculture are generalized. It has been determined that the optimal balance between types and groups of fixed assets in terms of the type of economic activity, as well as exceeding the level of renewal and acquisition of fixed assets above their retirement and write-offs, and the possibility of obtaining investments and access to state programs will enable the formation of fixed assets and efficient use

scholarly journals Firm Sorting and Agglomeration

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3117-3153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Gaubert
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Agglomeration Economies ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
French Firm ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data ◽  
Aggregate Effects

To account for the uneven distribution of economic activity in space, I propose a theory of the location choices of heterogeneous firms in a variety of sectors across cities. In equilibrium, the distribution of city sizes and the sorting patterns of firms are uniquely determined and affect aggregate TFP and welfare. I estimate the model using French firm-level data and find that nearly half of the productivity advantage of large cities is due to firm sorting, the rest coming from agglomeration economies. I quantify the general equilibrium effects of place-based policies: policies that subsidize smaller cities have negative aggregate effects. (JEL D22, D24, R11, R32)

scholarly journals АНАЛІЗ КРЕДИТУВАННЯ МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ ТА НОВОСТВОРЕНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ У МЕЖАХ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПРОГРАМИ «ДОСТУПНІ КРЕДИТИ 5-7-9%»

2019 ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kushnir ◽  
Viktoria Karmazina
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Strategic Goals

The development of small business in Ukraine is one of the strategic goals for today. The statistics on the degree of de-preciation of fixed assets by types of economic activity (the program funds are aimed at investing in fixed assets). Lending to economic entities, the number of existing large, medium, and small businesses, including microenterprises, is analyzed. The article describes the essence of the program "Available Credits 5-7-9%", which was introduced on February 1, 2020. The mechanism of providing state aid to enterprises under this program is disclosed. The stages of obtaining preferential loans for both existing and newly established enterprises are distinguished. The problems, advantages and disadvantages of the Create a Home project are explored. The possibility of lending to a low percentage of startup companies is discussed.

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