scholarly journals SIPOU (Siphonosoma australe-australe): PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN PANGAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Shalawatun Amaliah Fatimah ◽  
Asnani Asnani ◽  
Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Marine Animal ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Food Ingredients

ABSTRACT         Sipou (Siphonosoma australe-australe) or sipuncula (peanut worm) is a marine animal that can be found in the coastal areas of Toronipa, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Sipou has been used as food and traditional medicine. It has been researched that it has a complete nutritional content, traditionally used as a nutraceutical ingredient against tuberculosis, regulates the function of the stomach and spleen, and restores health caused by pathogens. Due to its broad benefits, Sipou is now known to have an anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, or antihyperglycemic function in what has been done on its extracts. Indonesia is a region that holds a wealth of various types of marine animals, one of which is sipou, which until now is still very rarely used, even the processing technology is new in the form of dry raw materials and used as food ingredients. Meanwhile, sipou research as a medicinal ingredient is still limited and Sipou products are still exported as dry whole raw materials to Asian countries. Given its potential resources, research towards industry, processing, pharmaceuticals, and health needs to be increased. The research is intended to further introduce and support various industries in increasing the added value of processing and processed Sipou which is very useful. Keywords: Foodstuffs, Sipou, processing techniquesABSTRAKSipou (Siphonosoma australe-australe) atau sipuncula (peanut worm) merupakan hewan laut yang dapat ditemui di wilayah pesisir pantai Toronipa, Kabupaten Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara. Sipou telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan dan pengobatan tradisional. Telah diteliti memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang lengkap, secara tradisional telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan nutraceutical terhadap penyakit tuberkulosis, pengatur fungsi lambung dan limpa, serta pemulihan kesehatan yang disebabkan oleh patogen. Karena manfaatnya yang cukup luas, kini sipou diketahui memiliki fungsi sebagai antiinflamasi, anti diabetes atau antihiperglikemik dalam penetian yang telah dilakukan terhadap ektraknya. Indonesia merupakan wilayah yang menyimpan kekayaan berbagai jenis hewan laut, salah satunya adalah sipou yang hingga saat ini pemanfaatannya masih sangat jarang bahkan teknologi pengolahannya baru dalam bentuk bahan baku kering dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan. Sementara penelitian sipou  sebagai bahan obat masih terbatas dan produk sipou masih diekspor dalam bentuk bahan baku utuh kering ke negara-negara Asia. Mengingat sumberdayanya yang cukup potensial, maka penelitian ke arah bidang industri, pengolahan, farmasi dan kesehatan perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian tersebut untuk lebih memperkenalkan dan mendukung berbagai industri dalam peningkatan nilai tambah dari pengolahan dan hasil olahan sipou yang sangat bermanfaat.Kata kunci: Bahan pangan, Sipou, teknik pengolahan

scholarly journals EXPLOITATION OF AGRI-FOOD SOLID WASTES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH ADDED-VALUE COMPOUNDS: THE CASE OF GRAPE POMACE AND ONION PEELS

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papagiotis Kefalas ◽  
D. P. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Pigment Extraction ◽  
Red Grape

Large quantities of both liquid and solid wastes are produced annually by the food processing industry. These waste materials contain principally biodegradable organic matter and their disposal creates serious environmental problems. The waste loads at the processing plant can be significantly reduced through the use of new or modified processing methods or through in-plant treatment and reuse and a variety of processes are being developed towards this direction, aiming at converting the waste materials into bio-fuels, food ingredients and other added-value bio-products. The scope of the present study was an examination on the possibilities of using non-toxic, cheap and readily available means of recovering phenolics from red pomace and onion peels. On such a basis, the solvent systems tested were composed of ethanol, a bio-solvent that can be obtained after fermentation of the sugar-containing raw materials and distillation. In the case of red grape pomace, simple media composed of 60% ethanol were shown to be ideal for recovery of extracts with increased polyphenol concentration and antiradical activity. Higher ethanol content (90%), however, was more effective for pigment extraction. For onion peels, extracts with high flavonol recovery and a reducing power were obtained with a similar medium (60% ethanol/ 0.1% HCl), while optimisation of the extraction conditions with regard to temperature and time, afforded higher yield and more active extracts.

scholarly journals Economic Prospect Of Fishing Egg Flying for Coastal Communities in Fak Fak District, West Papua Province

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Selvi Tebaiy ◽  
Paulus Boli ◽  
Fanny Simatauw ◽  
Simon Leatemia ◽  
Dedi Parenden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Flying Fish ◽  
West Papua

The economic value of the activity of catching eggs in the waters of the Fak Fak Regency of West Papua not only provides income for migrant fishermen from South Sulawesi but also for the people in the Fak Fak Regency who live in coastal areas. This study aims to provide an overview of the economic impact of flying egg fishing and the marketing channels of these flying fish eggs. Data collection was carried out in August and September 2017 in the coastal areas of Fak Fak and the Fak Fak Fishing Base and several other landing areas. Interview and questionnaire techniques used for data collection also used secondary data from various sources and previous research. The data collected was analyzed descriptively and displayed in graphical form and percentage to reveal facts based on field information. The results showed that in 2017 the production of flying fish eggs per ship ranged from 270 - 1,575 kg, with an average value of IDR 307,446,154. The fish egg marketing channel in Fakfak Regency has 3 main actors namely: producers (fishermen), collecting traders (Papalele) and inter-island traders (Makassar, Takalar). The percentage of costs provided by fly fishing include: (1) fuel and oil 28 %, (2) food supply 26 %, (3) coconut leaves (24 %), and (4) fishing permit (22 %). The economic benefits as an added value from the activity of catching flying fish eggs for the Fak Fak coastal community are the opening of other business opportunities such as coconut leaf providers, fuel and food ingredients providers, boarding or lodging owners, and grater eggs.

Fruit and berry raw materials is a promising source of food ingredients for flour confectionery.

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
L.N. Fedyanina ◽  
◽  
E.S. Smertina ◽  
V.A. Lyakh ◽  
A.E. Elizarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Promising Source

The article considers the problem of improving the range of confectionery from the standpoint of use plant materials of satisfaction by consumer demand in dieteticpreventive foods. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature on promising directions of improving the range of dietetic-preventive confectionery is given. It is noted that in the recipes for flour confectionery introduced from non-traditional raw materials containing dietary fiber.

scholarly journals By-Products of Camu-Camu [Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh] as Promising Sources of Bioactive High Added-Value Food Ingredients: Functionalization of Yogurts

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Conceição ◽  
Bianca R. Albuquerque ◽  
Carla Pereira ◽  
Rúbia C. G. Corrêa ◽  
Camila B. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Myrciaria Dubia ◽  
By Products ◽  
Fruit Part

Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) is a fruit economically relevant to the Amazon region, mostly consumed in the form of processed pulp. Our aim was to perform an unprecedented comparative study on the chemical composition and bioactivities of the camu-camu pulp and industrial bio-residues (peel and seed), and then the most promising fruit part was further explored as a functionalized ingredient in yogurt. A total of twenty-three phenolic compounds were identified, with myricetin-O-pentoside and cyanindin-3-O-glucoside being the main compounds in peels, followed by p-coumaroyl hexoside in the pulp, and ellagic acid in the seeds. The peel displayed the richest phenolic profile among samples, as well as the most significant antibacterial (MICs = 0.625–10 mg/mL) and anti-proliferative (GI50 = 180 µg/mL against HeLa cells) activities. For this reason, it was selected to be introduced in a food system (yogurt). Taken together, our results suggest the possibility of using the camu-camu peel as a source of food additives.

scholarly journals Screening of Twelve Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Cultivars and Their Isolates Focusing on the Protein Characterization, Functionality, and Sensory Profiles

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Verónica García Arteaga ◽  
Sonja Kraus ◽  
Michael Schott ◽  
Isabel Muranyi ◽  
Ute Schweiggert-Weisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Protein Characterization ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Sensory Profiles

Pea protein concentrates and isolates are important raw materials for the production of plant-based food products. To select suitable peas (Pisum sativum L.) for protein extraction for further use as food ingredients, twelve different cultivars were subjected to isoelectric precipitation and spray drying. Both the dehulled pea flours and protein isolates were characterized regarding their chemical composition and the isolates were analyzed for their functional properties, sensory profiles, and molecular weight distributions. Orchestra, Florida, Dolores, and RLPY cultivars showed the highest protein yields. The electrophoretic profiles were similar, indicating the presence of all main pea allergens in all isolates. The colors of the isolates were significantly different regarding lightness (L*) and red-green (a*) components. The largest particle size was shown by the isolate from Florida cultivar, whereas the lowest was from the RLPY isolate. At pH 7, protein solubility ranged from 40% to 62% and the emulsifying capacity ranged from 600 to 835 mL g−1. The principal component analysis revealed similarities among certain pea cultivars regarding their physicochemical and functional properties. The sensory profile of the individual isolates was rather similar, with an exception of the pea-like and bitter attributes, which were significantly different among the isolates.

KAZAKHSTAN’S POSITION IN THE ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Karlygash MUKHTAROVA ◽  
Yermukhambet KONUSPAYEV ◽  
Klara MAKASHEVA ◽  
Karim SHAKIROV
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Ties

Improving the forms and mechanisms of regional economic integration, deepening the mutual understanding on the formation of an economically and politically secure integrated space, expanding trade and economic relations, elaborating joint actions to maintain regional peace and stability, creating a single information space are among the key areas that have become the basis of cooperation among the Central Asian region (CAR) states. The authors reveal the positive aspects of cooperation among the CAR countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. First and foremost, these include common historical roots, linguistic and cultural similarity, convenient geographical location and established economic ties, which allow the states of Central Asia (CA) to establish a deeper and more active understanding of each other, to solve economic and political problems related to finding and realizing domestic investment potential and expanding regional trade and economic ties. The joint establishment of international transport corridors and infrastructure will help reduce the transport costs for Central Asian countries that supply export products to external markets, which is an important area of ​​cooperation in Central Asia. In addition, the economic problems that exist among the regional countries largely determine the nature of relations between them. Future solution of problems determines the subsequent viability of the Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and the regional development prospects. Based on the use of economic research tools, the authors examine the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the state of trade and economic relations between the regional states. Post-crisis plans for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries will be developed and implemented in the context of the need to solve the present-day problems associated with the gradual lifting of quarantine measures. In this regard, the quickest possible transition of economies to an upward growth trajectory should launch the expansion of trade and economic cooperation and ties among the Central Asian countries. The authors emphasize the fact that another important problem within CAREC is the fact that CAR economies are dominated by raw materials, which does not solve the problems of reducing social inequality and improving the welfare of the regional population. For this reason, Kazakhstan, like other Central Asian countries, is currently in search of a new economic model. The transformation is crucial because the country needs to overcome its excessive long-term dependence on the export of oil and raw materials. The new economic model should be focused on further industrialization and diversification of the economy, on the search for new innovative approaches and development strategies.

The Main Stages of the Development of Incense Culture in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Elena E. Voytishek
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Spiritual Healing ◽  
New Age ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Aesthetic Attitude ◽  
Ritual Practices ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article provides an overview of the main stages and trends in the development of the incense culture of China from antiquity to the present day. It covers religious and magical rituals, sanitary and hygiene, traditional medicine, a set of spiritual, healing, artistic, and game practices and rituals of Taoist-Buddhist and Confucian character. In China, over several millennia, a colossal experience has been accumulated in terms of the use of aromatic raw materials of plant, mineral and animal origin: thousands of treatises and reference books have been written, the properties of individual incense and their combinations have been studied, detailed classifications have been drawn up and principles of religious cults and ritual practices have been developed. Along with the applied value of incense, an aesthetic attitude toward incense aromas also developed, which repeatedly ensured periods of rapid flourishing of incense culture in antiquity, the Middle Ages and on the cusp of the New Age. Currently, the traditional aromatic culture in China is experiencing a period of upsurge and revival. This provides ample opportunities for its study in various fields of knowledge, which indicates the relevance and multidimensional nature of the study of this topic.

PROSPECTS FOR LOCAL MINERAL AND RAW MATERIALS USE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTHWESTERN REGION OF GOMEL REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Lishtvan ◽  
Boris V. Kurzo ◽  
Oleg M. Gaidukevich ◽  
Alexandr I. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Clay Deposits

The results of the study of the resource potential of Lelchitsky and adjacent regions are presented. It is shown that the raw materials for the production of crushed stone and natural stone in the amount of 1 million m3 is actively extracted in the region with the prospect of volume increasing up to 10 million m3. In addition, peat and sapropel are mined for the production of organic fertilizers, feed additives and drilling fluids. Brown coal and bentonite clay deposits are promising for mining. Peat, sapropel and brown coal should be considered to be raw materials for complex deep processing with the release of more products and materials with high added value. The obtained results allow to conclude that the development of Lelchitsky region and the economic feasibility of building Polesie section of the railway is possible only through integrated development and the most complete use of the entire resource base of the region.

Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Bush ◽  
Jonathan L. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Marine Animal ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Marine Habitat ◽  
Positive Feedbacks ◽  
Abiotic Controls ◽  
Time Changes

During the past 541 million years, marine animals underwent three intervals of diversification (early Cambrian, Ordovician, Cretaceous–Cenozoic) separated by nondirectional fluctuation, suggesting diversity-dependent dynamics with the equilibrium diversity shifting through time. Changes in factors such as shallow-marine habitat area and climate appear to have modulated the nondirectional fluctuations. Directional increases in diversity are best explained by evolutionary innovations in marine animals and primary producers coupled with stepwise increases in the availability of food and oxygen. Increasing intensity of biotic interactions such as predation and disturbance may have led to positive feedbacks on diversification as ecosystems became more complex. Important areas for further research include improving the geographic coverage and temporal resolution of paleontological data sets, as well as deepening our understanding of Earth system evolution and the physiological and ecological traits that modulated organismal responses to environmental change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN KANGKUNG HIDROPONIK MENJADI KANGKUNG RENDANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Indrawaty Sitepu ◽  
Nurmely Violeta Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang merupakan kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah, menghasilkan produk yang dapat dikonsumsi, serta menambah pendapatan dan keuntungan produsen.Tujuan penelitian untuk menguraikan apa saja tahapan pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangukung rendang, menganalisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan, menganalisis nilai tambah pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang, menganalisis apakah usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak diusahakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Bromo lorong Amal Medan Denai Kota Medan. Penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive, Metode pengambilan sampel secara sensus yaitu usaha Syifa Hidroponik dengan pengambilan data ulangan selama 2,5 bualan sebanyak 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian: 1) Tahapan  pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang yaitu:  Penyediaan bahan baku kangkung hidroponik, kangkung dihaluskan, pengadonan kangkung, telur ayam, tepung beras dan garam, kangkung dikukus, kangkung didinginkan, dipotong-potong, digoreng, pemasakan bumbu rendang, pencampuran kangkung yang digoreng dengan bumbu rendang dan pemasaran. Total biaya pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang untuk sekali produksi sebesar Rp 545.291,83, penerimaan sebesar Rp 1.500.000,00, per sekali produksi dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 954.708,17 per sekali produksi. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang tergolong tinggi dengan rasio nilai tambah 75,31% > 50%.Usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak untuk diusahakan dengan nilai R/C rasio 2,75 > 1.  Abstract  Hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is an activity that can increase added value, produce edible products, as well as increase producer income and profits. The purpose of the research is to describe what are the stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang kangukung, analyze production costs, revenue, and income, analyze added value of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, analyzing whether the business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is worth the effort. This research was conducted in Jalan Bromo Amal Medan Denai alley Medan City. Determination of the study area was done purposively, census sampling method that is Syifa Hydroponic business with retrieval data retrieval for 2.5 boasting as many as 10 replications. The results of the study: 1) The stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, namely: Provision of raw materials for hydroponic water spinach, crushed water spinach, stirring water spinach, chicken eggs, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach water spinach, cut into pieces, fried, fried spicy water spinach, cooking water spinach kale, chicken egg, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach kangkung cooled, cut, fried, cooking spices, rendang, mixing fried kale with spicy rendang and marketing. The total cost of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach for one production is Rp. 545,291.83, revenue is Rp. 1,500,000.00, per production and income is Rp. 954,708.17 per production. The added value generated from the processing of hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is classified as high with a value added ratio of 75.31%> 50%. The business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is feasible to be cultivated with an R / C ratio of 2.75> 1.  

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