scholarly journals BAYESIAN REGRESI SURVIVAL PADA PROSES KEJADIAN HIV/AIDS DI JAWA TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
Nur Mahmudah ◽  
Sukono Sukono
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gibbs Sampling ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Link Function ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Bayesian Mcmc ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hiv Aids

Survival analysis is a statistical procedure that describes a mathematical model that is often applied in various studies, especially in health. One application of survival analysis is to determine the rate of survival and the factors affecting HIV / AIDS sufferers in East Java. HIV / AIDS is a virus that attacks or infects white blood cells, causing a decrease in immune cells. This disease causes a decrease in productivity in the health and economic sectors of a country. Even if the disease continues to increase, the weak economic development will decrease due to the treatment of HIV/AIDS and the risk of death of people infected with the HIV / AIDS virus is getting higher in East Java. In addition to these health and economic quality factors, factors such as residents' knowledge of the disease. By knowing the factors of HIV/AIDS survival rate, mathematical modelling can be done to estimate the duration of the patient's survival power comprehensively and accurately. In this study, we want to find out what factors affect the survival rate of HIV/AIDS using the 3-Parameter Lognormal Survival Link Function model in which the method of parameter estimation used is the Bayesian MCMC-Gibbs Sampling method. The best models is the 3-parameter lognormal survival with frailty that is normally distributed and factors affect the survival rate of HIV/AIDS is education (X3), marital status (X5), Stadium of the patient (X8), adherence of therapy (X10), opportunistic infection (X11) and risk factor of infection (X13). Analisis survival merupakan suatu prosedur statistika yang menjelaskan model matematis yang seringkali diaplikasikan dalam berbagai penelitian, terutama di bidang kesehatan. Salah satu penerapan dari analisis survival adalah untuk mengetahui laju bertahan hidup dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penderita HIV/AIDS di Jawa Timur. Penyakit HIV/AIDS adalah virus yang menyerang atau menginfeksi sel darah putih yang menyebabkan turunnya sel kekebalan tubuh. Penyakit ini mengakibatkan penurunan produktivitas di bidang kesehatan dan ekonomi di suatu negara. Bahkan apabila penyakit ini terus meningkat maka lemahnya perkembangan ekonomi akan menjadi menurun akibat pengobatan penyakit HIV/AIDS dan resiko kematian dari orang yang terinfeksi virus HIV/AIDS tersebut semakin tinggi di Jawa Timur. Disamping faktor kualitas kesehatan dan ekonomi tersebut, faktor seperti pengetahuan warga terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS. Dengan mengetahui faktor-faktor laju bertahan hidup penyakit HIV/AIDS dapat dilakukan pemodelan matematis untuk memperkirakan durasi daya survival secara aktual, dan komprehensif. Tujuan artikel dalam penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi laju bertahan hidup pasien terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS dengan menggunakan model Survival Lognormal 3 parameter Link Function. Metode estimasi parameter yang digunakan adalah metode Bayesian MCMC-Gibbs Sampling. Model Survival Lognormal 3 Parameter dengan Frailty yang berdistribusi normal menghasilkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi laju bertahan hidup pasien HIV/AIDS di Jawa Timur adalah pendidikan(X3), status perkawinan (X5), stadium penderita (X8), kepatuhan terapi (X10), infeksi oportunitis (X11) dan resiko penularan (X13).

Survival Analysis of Geriatric Patients with Low Digestive Hemorrhage Attending an Emergency Department

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ana Fernandez-Suárez ◽  
Oriol Yuguero Torres
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Digestive Hemorrhage ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Number Of Individuals

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The increase in life expectancy and low mortality have doubled the number of individuals older than 65 in the last 30 years. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a retrospective study of 101 patients older than 80 years of age treated by low digestive hemorrhage (LDH) in an emergency department during 2018. Sociodemographic variables were evaluated, as well as comorbidity and survival at 18 months. Survival was assessed by a Kaplan-Meier test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 52.5% of the subjects were women. The average comorbidity of the sample was 1.97. The survival rate per year was 60%. The finding on colonoscopy shows no association with mortality. However, those patients on anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy have a higher survival rate. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Survival per year is high, so urgent colonoscopy for an LDH should be performed after evaluating the patient’s stability and functional status in a scheduled and outpatient manner.

scholarly journals Hemogram as marker of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2021-001810
Author(s):  
Alejandro López-Escobar ◽  
Rodrigo Madurga ◽  
José María Castellano ◽  
Santiago Ruiz de Aguiar ◽  
Sara Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Increased Risk

The clinical impact of COVID-19 disease calls for the identification of routine variables to identify patients at increased risk of death. Current understanding of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pathophysiology points toward an underlying cytokine release driving a hyperinflammatory and procoagulant state. In this scenario, white blood cells and platelets play a direct role as effectors of such inflammation and thrombotic response. We investigate whether hemogram-derived ratios such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the systemic immune-inflammation index may help to identify patients at risk of fatal outcomes. Activated platelets and neutrophils may be playing a decisive role during the thromboinflammatory phase of COVID-19 so, in addition, we introduce and validate a novel marker, the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR).Two thousand and eighty-eight hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admitted at any of the hospitals of HM Hospitales group in Spain, from March 1 to June 10, 2020, were categorized according to the primary outcome of in-hospital death.Baseline values, as well as the rate of increase of the four ratios analyzed were significantly higher at hospital admission in patients who died than in those who were discharged (p<0.0001). In multivariable logistic regression models, NLR (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.08, p=0.00035) and NPR (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.36, p<0.0001) were significantly and independently associated with in-hospital mortality.According to our results, hemogram-derived ratios obtained at hospital admission, as well as the rate of change during hospitalization, may easily detect, primarily using NLR and the novel NPR, patients with COVID-19 at high risk of in-hospital mortality.

Overexpression of UBE2C in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues and Molecular Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
xingfeng pang ◽  
Zhiguang Huang ◽  
Lihua Yang ◽  
Zhigang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Mrna Expression Data ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Lower Survival Rate

Abstract Background: The treatment of esophageal cancer is mainly based on a combination of traditional surgery and radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Some new progress has been made in multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment and imaging diagnosis in recent years, but the 5-year survival rate for esophageal cancer is much lower than 30% due to its invasiveness and pronounced metastasis ability, as well as the difficulty in early diagnosis. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of UBE2C in ESCC.Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the UBE2C expression in ESCC by collecting the protein and mRNA expression data (including in house RNA- seq, in hosue IHC, TCGA-GTEx RNA-seq and tissue microarray) to calculate a combined SMD and sROC. K-M method was used for survival analysis. We also explored the mechanism of UBE2C in ESCC by combing the DEGs of ESCC, related-genes of UBE2C in ESCC and the putative miRNAs and lncRNAs which may regulate UBE2C.Results: UBE2C protein and mRNA were highly expressed in ESCC tissues. The pooled SMD of UBE2C expression values was 1.98 (95% CI: 1.51–2.45, P < 0.001), and the the AUC of the sROC was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95). The results of survival analysis suggested an association between high expression of UBE2C and a poor prognosis and a higher risk of recurrence. Pathways anaylsis showed that UBE2C mainly influenced the biological function of esophageal cancer by synergistic effects with CDK1, PTTG1 and SKP2. We also constructed a potential UBE2C-related ceRNA network for ESCC (HCP5/hsa-mir-139-5p/UBE2C).Conclusion: UBE2C mRNA and protein level were highly expressed in ESCC and a higher UBE2C expression generally predicts a lower survival rate and a higher risk of recurrence.

scholarly journals Quality of service in the Heineken supply chain, México: an empirical investigation in the west of Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Omar Alejandro PÉREZ-CRUZ ◽  
José de Jesús AMEZCUA-VIVAS ◽  
Johann MEJÍAS-BRITO ◽  
Jesús Francisco TEJEDA-CASTREJÓN
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Western Regional ◽  
The Relationship

The general objective of this work is to analyze the quality factors of the supply chain service in the western regional direction of the company Cervezas Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma - Heineken México. The analysis was framed in a model proposed by Gohain, Thambiah and Hong (2018) which measures six dimensions of service quality: the object, the process, the infrastructure, the interaction, the environment and social responsibility. A survey was applied as an instrument to collect the responses of active providers in the western region of Mexico. The results were estimated by using STATA 14 to evaluate the relationship between the proposed factors. The results highlight that the quality of the supply chain is influenced by the quality criteria of the product, the process and the interaction. In this way, this research contributes with relevant information that allows them to make quick and practical decisions to use those responsible for the company's supply chain, as well as other economic sectors.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on grown, survival rate, intestinal morphology and blood cell count of the golden trevally fish (Gnathanodon specious)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4A) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Dang Tran Tu Tram ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nguyet Hue ◽  
Ho Son Lam ◽  
Nguyen Truong Tan Tai ◽  
Dao Thi Hong Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Erythrocyte Density

The golden trevally fishes (Gnathanodon specious) (2.19 ± 0.23 g) were cultured in glass tanks with density of 20 fishes/tank and they were fed supplemental diets of different MOS concentrations (0; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6%) for 90 days. Collected data included growth rate, survival rate and some hematological characteristics of this fish. The results demonstrated that MOS supplementation did not affect growth performance, erythrocyte density and blood cell size, however the survival rate was significantly increased. On the other hand, the total number of white blood cells (BC) on the 60th day in the fish fed with MOS supplements (5.78–6.96 × 104TB/mm3) was higher than that in the control group (only 5.43 × 104TB/mm3) with the largest total leukocytes (6.96 ± 0.50 × 104TB /mm3) at 0.2% MOS (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Does the transplantation of keratinocytes really reduce the risk of death? Survival analysis of patients hospitalized at the Dr Stanisław Sakiel Centre for Burns Treatment in 2008–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Kitala ◽  
Agnieszka Klama-Baryła ◽  
Małgorzata Kraut ◽  
Dariusz Łowicki ◽  
Wojciech Łabuś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Death

Correlation of Nitrite Oxide with Severity and Survival Rate of Sepsis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Sotianingsih Sotianingsih ◽  
Budi Mulyono ◽  
Andaru Dahesihdewi ◽  
Samsirun Halim ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
P Values ◽  
Nitrite Oxide ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Survivor Group ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Difference Test

The objective of this research was to determine the correlation between Nitric Oxide (NO) levels with the severity ofsepsis, to describe the kinetics of NO levels, and to evaluate it in predicting mortality. This research was a longitudinal cohortobservational analytical study. The variables were serum NO levels and SOFA scores, which were serially evaluated. Thecorrelation test and difference test were used for statistical analysis. The survivor and the non-survivor group consisted of 14(41.18%) and 20 (58.82%) patients, respectively. There was a correlation between serum NO levels and the SOFA score at the24-hour observation (r=0.403; p=0.041). Non-parametric Mann-Whitney test showed that there was no kinetics of NOth levels at 0, 24, 72, and 144-hour observation (p-values =0.897 and 0.703, respectively). NO levels > 111,16 μmol/L at the 24hour could predict the risk of death with hazard ratio 4.7 compared to NO levels < 111,16 μmol/L. The survival rate ofpatients with serum NO levels <111,16 μmol/L and > 111,16 μmol/L was 83.3% and 37.5%, respectively. There was acorrelation between serum NO levels and SOFA scores at the 24-hour observation. However, there was no kinetics of NOlevels at serial evaluations. Nitric oxide levels with a cut-off of 111,16 μmol/L at 24 hours could predict the survival of septicth patients. Utilization of serum NO level at 24 hour can be used to evaluate the severity of septic patients and aggressivemanagement if there is an increase in serum NO levels > 111,16 μmol/L at 24 hours.

scholarly journals Prevalence and socioeconomic factors associated with smoking in people living with HIV by sex, in Recife, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna d’Arc Lyra Batista ◽  
Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque ◽  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho ◽  
Heloisa Ramos Lacerda de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. The prevalence of smoking is higher in people infected with HIV than in the general population. Although it is biologically plausible that smoking increases the morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV/AIDS, few studies in developing countries have analyzed the determinants and consequences of smoking in HIV infected people. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of smoking and identify the socioeconomic factors associated with smoking and smoking cessation in patients with HIV by sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with baseline data, obtained from an ongoing prospective cohort study of patients with HIV attending two referral centers in Recife, Northeast Region of Brazil, between July 2007 and October 2009. Results: The prevalence of current smoking was 28.9%. For both sexes, smoking was independently associated with heavy alcohol drinking and marijuana use. Among women, smoking was associated with living alone, not being married and illiteracy; and among men, being 40 years or older, low income and using crack. Compared with ex-smokers, current smokers were younger and more likely to be unmarried, heavy drinkers and marijuana users. Conclusions: It is important to incorporate smoking cessation interventions for the treatment of heavy alcohol drinkers and marijuana users with HIV/AIDS, which may increase life expectancy and quality of life, as smoking is related to risk of death, relapse of tuberculosis, and non communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of MiR-219-1, MiR-938, MiR-34b/c, and MiR-218 Polymorphisms for Gastric Cancer Susceptibility and Prognosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Wu ◽  
Zhifang Jia ◽  
Donghui Cao ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Radical Operation ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Control Study

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prominent global cancer-related health threats. Genes play a key role in the precise mechanisms of gastric cancer. SNPs in mi-RNAs could affect mRNA expression and then affect the risk and prognosis of GC. Firstly, we have decided to perform a case-control study which included 897 GC patients and 992 controls to evaluate the association of miR-219-1 rs213210, miR-938 rs2505901, miR-34b/c rs4938723, and miR-218 rs11134527 polymorphisms with gastric cancer susceptibility. Secondly, among the 897 GC patients above, 755 cases underwent a radical operation, without distant metastasis and with negative surgical margins included in the survival analysis to evaluate the association of the four SNPs above with gastric cancer prognosis. The C/T or C/C genotypes of rs213210 were related to a lower GC risk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62–0.93,P=0.009) compared to the T/T genotype. Rs11134527 in miR-218 was associated with GC survival, and the G/A and G/G genotypes of rs11134527 resulted in a decreased risk of death when compared with the A/A genotype (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61–0.95,P=0.016). This study found that miR-219-1 rs213210 polymorphism was associated with GC susceptibility and rs11134527 in miR-218 was positively correlated with GC prognosis.

scholarly journals Developing AIDS – The Dangerous Conjugation and Transformation of HIV : An In-depth Analysis

1970 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
K Bulbul Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS spreads so quickly and so destructively that it supersedes all disasters ever attacks human civilization. No branch of scientists can declare them aloof or abstain from it. So the agriculturists are very closely concern with its research-issues, nutritional remedies and agro-based care. We know, HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that causes AIDS. A member of a group of viruses called retroviruses, HIV infects human cells and uses the energy and nutrients provided by those cells to grow and reproduce. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is a disease in which the body's immune system breaks down and is unable to fight off infections, known as "opportunistic infections," and other illnesses that take advantage of a weakened immune system. Opportunistic infections are various in types and it needs not only the care from health professionals rather it deserves agriculturists, nutritionists and social scientists to combat together. When a person is infected with HIV, the virus enters the body and lives and multiplies primarily in the white blood cells. These are immune cells that normally protect us from disease. The hallmark of HIV infection is the progressive loss of a specific type of immune cell called T-helper, or CD4 cells. As the virus grows, it damages or kills these and other cells, weakening the immune system and leaving the person vulnerable to various opportunistic infections and other illnesses ranging from pneumonia to cancer. Understanding how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) works inside the human cell gives all scientists important ways about how to attack it at its most vulnerable points and clues to start research. Knowing the secrets of how the virus functions and reproduces itself -- a process called its ‘life-cycle'- can help scientists design new drugs and nutritional supplements those are more effective at suppressing HIV and support the affected lives. This study will draw a clear and easy-to-understand picture for every scientist, obviously the agriculturists too, being alert and keeping their lives safe from this fatal conjugation of HIV and help to invent natural and/or plant remedies to prevent or suspend HIV's aggression, as long as we concern. Key words: HIV, AIDS, retro virus, HIV viral transformation. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1473 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 157-166, June 2007

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