scholarly journals Implementasi Prinsip Keterbukaan dalam Pemberdayaan Terhadap Keaktifan Kader Kesehatan untuk Mencegah Risiko Kematian Ibu

Author(s):  
Yuni Romalita ◽  
Yusriani Yusriani ◽  
Muhammad Khidri Alwi ◽  
Serawati Serawati

Implementasi Prinsip Keterbukaan dalam Pemberdayaan Terhadap Keaktifan Kader Kesehatan untuk Mencegah Risiko Kematian Ibu Yuni Romalita Program Studi Magister Kesehatan, Pascasarjana Universitas Muslim Indonesia; [email protected] Yusriani Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muslim Indonesia; [email protected] (koresponden) Muhammad Khidri Alwi Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muslim Indonesia; [email protected] Serawati Program Studi Magister Kesehatan, Pascasarjana Universitas Muslim Indonesia; [email protected] ABSTRACT Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is one of the important indicators of the degree of public health. One of the government's programs in suppressing MMR is the empowerment of health cadres. Cadres have a big role to play in the smooth process of health services, one of which is posyandu activities. The principle of openness is very important in empowerment to increase the activeness of cadres in reducing MMR. The research objective is to find out the implementation of the principle of openness in empowering the activeness of health cadres in preventing the risk of maternal death in Gowa Regency. This type of research was cross sectional study with a sample size of 120 people, selectied by accidental sampling. Data collection was done by interview using a questionnaire, data analysis using the Chi square test. The results showed that 89.2% of cadres met the principle of openness in empowerment and 10.8% did not meet the principle of openness. There is a relationship between the implementation of the principle of openness in empowerment to the activeness of health cadres in preventing the risk of maternal death in Gowa Regency. It is expected that all relevant parties can work together to increase the activity of health cadres in preventing the risk of maternal death, especially in applying the principle of openness in empowerment. Keywords: the principle of openness; cadre empowerment; maternal death; cadre activity ABSTRAK Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) menjadi salah satu indikator penting dari derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Salah satu program pemerintah dalam menekan AKI adalah pemberdayaan kader kesehatan. Kader memiliki peran besar terhadap lancarnya proses pelayanan kesehatan salah satunya kegiatan posyandu. Prinsip keterbukaan sangat penting dalam pemberdayaan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan kader dalam menurunkan AKI. Tujuan penelitian yaitu dalam untuk mengetahui implementasi prinsip keterbukaan dalam pemberdayaan terhadap keaktifan kader kesehatan dalam mencegah risiko kematian ibu di Kabupaten Gowa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Cross Sectiona Study dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 orang, pemilihan sampel dengan cara accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 89.2% kader memenuhi prinsip keterbukaan dalam pemberdayaan dan 10.8% yang tidak memenuhi prinsip keterbukaan. Ada hubungan antara implementasi prinsip keterbukaan dalam pemberdayaan terhadap keaktifan kader kesehatan dalam mencegah risiko kematian ibu di Kabupaten Gowa. Diharapkan kepada semua pihak yang terkait dapat bekerja sama untuk meningkatkan keaktifan kader kesehatan dalam mencegah risiko kematian ibu, khususnya dalam menerapkan prinsip keterbukaan dalam pemberdayaan. Kata kunci: prinsip keterbukaan; pemberdayaan kader; kematian ibu; keaktifan kader

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fenny Anngraeny Nasution ◽  
Laras Sitoayu ◽  
Putri Ronitawati

Use cooking oil for everyday cooking very often used it makes the majority of community especially the food trade is highly dependent on cooking oil. Cooking oil serves as a conductor of heat, savory flavor enchancer, and adding value calorie fried foods. This study aimed to determine the relationships of knowledge, attitude, and use of cooking oil at taders around University Esa Unggul. This research is an analytical survey  with cross sectional Study design. The data were obtained using questionnaire. Data processing using Chi Square Test with a confidence level of 95% and α = 0,05. This study conducted in Desember 2016 till Febuary 2017. This study population all traders in Universitasy  Esa Unggul with sample 45 peoples. There is a relationship between knowledge an use of cooking oil p value 0.011 (p0.05)  and there is a relationship attitude and use of cooking oil p value 0.024 (p0.05). Keywords: attitude,  cooking oil, knowledge, trader


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoma Kristiani Tarukbua’ ◽  
Lucia Panda ◽  
Ventje Kawengian

Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disease with a high mortality rate in both developed and developing countries. Blood type is a particular feature of human in an individual's blood, such as ABO and Rhesus groups. The purpose of this study to determine the relate of blood type and CHD. Methods Cross sectional study using a study by the number of respondents in this study were 42 patients CHD checks from November to December 2012 at poliklinik Jantung BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou, Manado. Based on Chi Square test showed the value of Pearson Chi Square, which obtained significance value is 1.000 (significant value <0.05), so it was concluded that there is no significant relate between blood type and CHD. Keywords: CAD, Blood Group, Cross Sectional     Abstrak: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyakit dengan angka mortalitas yang tinggi baik di negara maju maupun berkembang. Golongan darah merupakan ciri khusus darah dari suatu individu, seperti golongan ABO maupun Rhesus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan golongan darah dan PJK. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi Cross Sectional dengan jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 42 pasien PJK yang melakukan pemeriksaan mulai bulan November hingga Desember 2012 di poliklinik Jantung BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou, Manado. Berdasarkan uji Chi Square menunjukkan nilai Pearson Chi Square, yang didapatkan nilai signifikansinya adalah 1,000 (nilai signifikan <0,05), sehingga disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara golongan darah dan PJK. Kata kunci: PJK, Golongan Darah, Cross Sectional


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Dinar Septi Pratiwi ◽  
Moch. Yunus ◽  
Rara Warih Gayatri

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor perilaku orang tua dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study, dengan sampel penderita pneumonia balita dan penderita bukan pneumonia/ISPA di wilayah Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel menggunakan perbandingan 1:1. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan pendekatan accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kepada orang tua penderita. Sedangkan teknik analisa data menggunakan uji chi square test for association dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 atau (p < 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara kebiasaan merokok orang tua, kebiasaan mencuci tangan setelah batuk/bersin, kebiasaan membuka jendela kamar tidur dan kebiasaan membuka jendela ruang tamu.Kata kunci: pneumonia, balita, faktor perilaku orang tua.ABSTRACT: This study aims to determine the relationship between behavioral factors of parents with the incidence of pneumonia toddlers in Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang. This study used correlational method with cross sectional study design, with sample of pneumonia infants and non-pneumonia/ARI patients in Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang which fulfilled the inclusion criteria of 30 samples using 1: 1 ratio. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with accidental sampling approach. Data collection was done by interview using questioner to the patient's parents. While technique of data analysis used chi square test for association with significance level 0,05 or (p <0,05). Based on the results of data analysis there is a significant correlation between parents' smoking habits, hand washing habit after coughing/sneezing, the habit of opening the bedroom window and the habit of opening the living room window. Keywords: pneumonia, toddlers, behavioral factors of parents


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukarsih Rusti

<p align="left"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p align="left"> </p><p>Safety riding adalah mengendarai motor dengan aman, sesuai aturan dan tidak ugal-ugalan. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Polres Padang Panjang karena angka kecelakaan meningkat dari tahun 2014 ke tahun 2015. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi, dukungan media, perilaku teman sebaya dan peran keluarga dengan praktik <em>safety riding</em> kendaraan roda dua pada pelajar di wilayah kerja Polres Padang Panjang tahun 2016.</p><p>Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan metode<em> cross sectional</em>. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pelajar yang berusia ≥ 17 tahun keatas yang mengendarai sepeda motor. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan <em>accidental sampling</em> dengan besar sampel 108 orang. Data dianalisa secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji <em>Chi Square</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 108 orang pelajar yang mengendarai sepeda motor, terdapat 46 (42,6%) dengan praktik <em>safety riding</em> tidak aman. Selain itu berdasarkan analisis <em>Chi Square</em> diperoleh hasil terdapat hubungan antara persepsi (p=0,000, OR=14), dukungan media (p=0,000, OR=13,9), perilaku teman sebaya (p=0,007, OR=3,1) dan peran keluarga (p=0,037, OR=2,4) dengan praktik safety riding. Diri semua variabel yang diteliti, yang paling memiliki peluang risiko untuk safety riding adalah persepsi. Disarankan kepada pelajar untuk meningkatkan pemahaman sehingga akan merubah persepsi yang akhirnya berdampak pada perubahan perilaku.</p><p> </p><p>Kata Kunci      : <em>Safety riding</em>, persepsi, roda dua</p><p> </p><p align="left"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="left"> </p><p> Safety riding is ride motorcycle safely, according to the rules, and not reckless. This research was conducted at Resort Police Padang Panjang because the number of accidents increased from 2014 to 2015. This research purposed to know related between perception, media support, peer behaviour and family role with safety riding practice of students at Resort Police Padang Panjang year 2016.  Kind of this research was analytic survey with cross sectional study design. The population the research is entire motorcycle riding students up to ≥ 17 years old. Sample was taken by accidental sampling which was 108 people. Data analysis was performed with univariate and bivariate with Chi Square test. The results show that from 108 motorcycle riding students, there are 46 (42,6%) not safety riding practice. Furthermore, according to data analysed Chi Square analysis, there is relation between perception (p=0,000, OR=14), media support (p=0,000, OR=13,9), peer behavior (p=0,007, OR=3,1), and family role (p=0,036, OR=2,4) with safety riding practice. All the variables, most have oppurtunities for safety riding risk is perception. It is suggested to students to improve understanding, so that will change the perception that ultimately have an impact on behaviour change.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords       : Safety riding, perception, motorcycle</p><p> </p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Puteri Fannya ◽  
Putri Nazofah

<p><em>Based on data from the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015, In Indonesia, new professional nurses were just 2% of the total nurses. This figure was much lower than the Philippines which has reached 40% with bachelor and master level as their education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, and leadership with the performance of health personnel</em><em>. </em><em>The design of this research was analytical research with Cross Sectional Study. The population in this study was all nurses and doctors who served in the internal room, children, surgery and midwifery</em><em>. </em><em>Sampling using total sampling</em><em> </em><em>by questionnaires. The data was processed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test</em><em>. </em><em>The result showed that 57,8% nurses had poor performance, 56,3% doctors had poor performance, 64,4% nurses had average age 26-35 years, 56,2% doctors had average age  36-45 years, 64.4% nurses have poor leadership, </em><em>and </em><em>50.0% of doctors have less good leadership</em><em>.</em><em> There is a relationship between age</em><em> and </em><em>leadership with the performance of health personnel.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Berdasarkan data kemenkes RI tahun 2015 jumlah tenaga kesehatan terbanyak yaitu perawat sebanyak 147.264 orang (45,65%). Di Indonesia, perawat profesional baru mencapai 2% dari total perawat yang ada. Angka ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Filipina yang sudah mencapai 40% dengan pendidikan strata satu dan dua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian analitik dengan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perawat dan dokter. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dengan analisis univariat menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 57,8% perawat memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 56,3% dokter memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 64,4% perawat memiliki umur rata-rata 26-35 tahun 64,4%, 56,2% dokter memiliki umur rata-rata 36-45 tahun, 64,4% perawat memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik, 50,0% dokter memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik. Terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Marc Tshilanda ◽  
Ulrick S. Kanmounye ◽  
Remy Kapongo ◽  
Michel Tshiasuma

Objectives: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, disability, and dementia in developing countries. Our study aimed to evaluate the systemic disorders associated with mortality in patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Setting: The study took place at a tertiary hospital in Kinshasa. Participants: Patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Interventions: This cross-sectional study consisted of a retrospective review of stroke patient records from January 2016 to December 2018. The Pearson-Chi square test and odds ratios were calculated with a threshold of significance of 0.05. Main outcome measures: Mortality Results: We recruited 114 cases. The mean age was 61.8 ± 2.4 years, and the sex ratio was 1.78 in favor of men. Hypertension (76.3%), dyslipidemia (71.1%), and diabetes mellitus (58.8%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Most patients had hypoxia (85.9%), hypertension (82.4%), hyperglycemia (57.8%), and fever (28.1%). We registered thirty-two deaths (28.1%): 20 (62.5%) from the ischemic strokes, and 12 (37.5%) from hemorrhagic strokes. Systemic disorders with the worst prognosis during were arterial hypotension (OR=3.87, p >0.001), and fever (OR = 1.56, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Arterial hypotension and fever adversely affect stroke patient outcomes, and strokes are responsible for high mortality in Congo


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Irmayani

Diare adalah pengeluaran kotoran (tinja) dengan frekuensi yang meningkat (tiga kali dalam 24 jam) disertai dengan perubahan konsistensi tinja menjadi lembek atau cair, dengan atau tanpa darah/lendir dalam tinja.(Wijoyo, yosef 2013). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan jajan dengan terjadinya penyakit diare pada anak di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten barru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian Analitik Correlative dengan desain Cross Sectional Study, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang ada di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten Barru sebanyak 109 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, didapatkan 51 responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. analisa data mencakup analisis univariat dengan mencari distribusi frekuensi, analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi- Square Test dengan interval kemaknaan α 0,05. Dari hasil analisis bivariat pada kebiasaan jajan didapat nilai ρ = 0,004 dan personal hygiene didapat nilai ρ = 0,008. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan jajan dengan terjadinya penyakit diare pada anak di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten Barru


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Al-kalisi ◽  
Manal Al-Hajri ◽  
Sarah Al-Rai

Abstract Background: Undernutrition is an inadequate supply of energy and nutrients. Periodontal diseases (PDs) defined as a broad form of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gingiva, bone and ligaments supporting the teeth. This study aimed to reveal the effect of undernutrition, using body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level (Alb) on PDs and other risk factors as age, smoking and khat chewing. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the faculty of dentistry, Sana’a University. Of 1920 patients attended to clinics, only 229 matched the study criteria. Oral examination was performed to assess the periodontal clinical parameters measurements. BMI and Alb was measured. Statistical analysis was used to present the association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi square test and Fisher-Exact test. ANOVA was used to assess the differences in the mean values of the quantitative outcomes. Chi square test was used to evaluate the association between BMI and age, gender, occupation, education level, smoking, khat chewing as well as BMI with PDs. Results: Most of participants (58.5%) were males and most of the study sample (91.3%) was at the age group of (18-35). Among all subjects, (81.2%) of cases were diagnosed with gingivitis. (60.7%) of study participants were mildly undernourished according to BMI. (93%) of participants showed normal Alb level. Regarding to habits, only (18.2%) of patients were smokers and more than half of participants (59.4%) were khat chewers. Conclusion: There was a relationship between PDs and undernutrition which was obviously seen between gingivitis and mild undernutrition.


CoDAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Márcia Andrade Campanha ◽  
Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli ◽  
Durval Batista Palhares

ABSTRACT Purpose Verify the position of lips and tongue at rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out with 130 newborns in University Hospital. Data collection was performed by the researcher and speech-language pathologists from the Hospital. Information on gestational age, sex, weight, height and days of life was collected. The position of the lips and tongue at rest was evaluated through visual inspection with the newborns asleep. After the newborns were awakened, Neonatal Screening of the validated Protocol for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum for infants was performed to detect the alteration of the lingual frenulum. The data obtained were described and submitted to statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test to verify the association between the position of the lips with the tongue and to compare the position of the lips and tongue with and without ankyloglossia. The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify the behavior of the variables the differed between newborns with and without ankyloglossia. The significance level of 5% was adopted. Results When comparing the data, a significant difference was found between: weight and height with and without ankyloglossia; position of lips and tongue. An association between the position of the tongue and lips with and without ankyloglossia was also found. Conclusion Newborns without alteration of the lingual frenulum have a tendency to remain with their lips closed and their tongue elevated during rest and newborns with ankyloglossia have a tendency to keep their lips parted and their tongue low during rest.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Marie Christabelle ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise

Objective: In different parts of the world, Indonesia included, overweight and obese people are seen to have worse performance compared to their healthy counterparts. Although there were research that had been done to observe the relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance, the results obtained were still divided into significantly and non-significantly related.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to 373 students from two different schools in South Jakarta on December 2017–January 2018. Data was obtained by measuring height and weight of the participant to get his/her nutritional status and the average of participant’s odd semester Continual Assessment and Semestral Assessment of Academic Year 2017/2018 to see if the result was higher or equal to the passing grade.Results: Data analysis with chi square test shows that there was no significant relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance (p = 0.452 for Indonesian Language and p = 0.476 for Mathematics) although overweight and obese students tend to have better performance in some exam.Conclusion: The events that lead to overweight, obesity, and one’s academic performance are all multifactorial that the relationship between the two is difficult to be determined.


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