Triggering Drug Release and Thermal-Disrupting Interface Induced Mitigation of Composite Photothermal Hydrogel Treating Infectious Wounds

Introduction: With the development of photothermal technology, the appearance of composite photothermal hydrogels has increased the selectivity of treating infectious skin defects. However, how to design composite photothermal hydrogel with better antibacterial performance, reduce the resistance rate of bacteria, and the damage rate of normal tissue still needs further study.Methods: The Prussian blue and tannic acid were loaded on polyacrylamide hydrogels. Characterization of DLS, Zeta potential, UV absorption spectrum, hydrogel swelling rate, scanning electronic microscopic, drug release profile, photothermal properties, in vitro cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties. Experiments were measured by skin defect repair, antibacterial detection, and histological staining experiments.Results: The polyacrylamide hydrogel with photothermal effect and controllable release of tannic acid was successfully prepared. The hydrogel has strong light transmittance and adhesion, and the swelling rate can reach 600%, which improves the self-cleaning ability. SEM results showed the porous structure of hydrogels, promoting cell growth. Through photothermal switches, the composite hydrogel represented adjustable and controllable drug release ability. Combined with the synergistic antibacterial effect of tannic acid, this further enhanced the antibacterial ability and reduced the probability of antibiotic resistance. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed the hydrogel had good biocompatibility and excellent antibacterial properties, which could promote the repair of infectious skin defects in SD rats.Conclusion: We fabricated a hydrogel with a triggering drug release rate, alleviating heat damage, transparent morphology, mechanical stability, strong adhesion, good biocompatibility, and synergistic antibacterial ability, which presents new treatment options for infectious skin defect repair.

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Application of Nanomaterial in Hydrogels Related to Wound Healing

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2022/4656037 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Yangyang Liu ◽

Shurui Song ◽

Shuangyong Liu ◽

Xiaoyan Zhu ◽

Peige Wang

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Drug Release ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

Broad Application ◽

Wound Recovery ◽

Swelling Rate ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Application Prospects

Traditional dressings used for wound repair, such as gauze, have shortcomings; for example, they cannot provide a suitable microenvironment for wound recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to find a better dressing to overcome shortcomings. Hydrogel provides a suitable wet environment, has good biocompatibility, and has a strong swelling rate to absorb exudate. Nanomaterial in hydrogels has been used to improve their performance and overcome the shortcomings of current hydrogel dressings. Hydrogel dressing can also be loaded with nanodrug particles to exert a better therapeutic effect than conventional drugs and to make the dressing more practical. This article reviews the application of nanotechnology in hydrogels related to wound healing and discusses the application prospects of nanohydrogels. After searching for hydrogel articles related to wound healing, we found that nanomaterial can not only enhance the mechanical strength, antibacterial properties, and adhesion of hydrogels but also achieve sustained drug release. From the perspective of clinical application, these characteristics are significant for wound healing. The combination of nanomaterial and hydrogel is an ideal dressing with broad application prospects for wound healing in the future.

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Tannic Acid with Antiviral and Antibacterial Activity as A Promising Component of Biomaterials—A Minireview

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13143224 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3224 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beata Kaczmarek

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Tannic Acid ◽

Phenolic Acid ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Biomedical Sciences ◽

Simplex Virus

As a phenolic acid, tannic acid can be classified into a polyphenolic group. It has been widely studied in the biomedical field of science because it presents unique antiviral as well as antibacterial properties. Tannic acid has been reported to present the activity against Influeneza A virus, Papilloma viruses, noroviruses, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria innocua. Nowadays, compounds of natural origin constitute fundaments of material science, and the trend is called “from nature to nature”. Although biopolymers have found a broad range of applications in biomedical sciences, they do not present anti-microbial activity, and their physicochemical properties are rather poor. Biopolymers, however, may be modified with organic and inorganic additives which enhance their properties. Tannic acid, like phenolic acid, is classified into a polyphenolic group and can be isolated from natural sources, e.g., a pure compound or a component of a plant extract. Numerous studies have been carried out over the application of tannic acid as an additive to biopolymer materials due to its unique properties. On the one hand, it shows antimicrobial and antiviral activity, while on the other hand, it reveals promising biological properties, i.e., enhances the cell proliferation, tissue regeneration and wound healing processes. Tannic acid is added to different biopolymers, collagen and polysaccharides as chitosan, agarose and starch. Its activity has been proven by the determination of physicochemical properties, as well as the performance of in vitro and in vivo studies. This systematics review is a summary of current studies on tannic acid properties. It presents tannic acid as an excellent natural compound which can be used to eliminate pathogenic factors as well as a revision of current studies on tannic acid composed with biopolymers and active properties of the resulting complexes.

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Hydroxyapatite/nifuroxazide conjugate: Characterization, drug release and antimicrobial activity

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc210420040r ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 40-40

Author(s):

Zeljko Radovanovic ◽

Katarina Mihajlovski ◽

Lidija Radovanovic ◽

Djordje Janackovic ◽

Rada Petrovic

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Antibacterial Drug ◽

Stomach Acid ◽

Poorly Soluble ◽

Good Biocompatibility

Synthetic hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) is very similar to the inorganic part of the bones and teeth of mammals. It is a well-known biomaterial with good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and bioactivity. Nifuroxazide (C12H9N3O5, NFX) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug and poorly soluble in water. In order to increase the solubility of NFX, nanosized HAp powder and raw NFX drug were mixed giving, as a result, HAp/NFX conjugate. Characterization of the raw materials and the obtained conjugate confirmed the integration of NFX on the HAp surface. The in vitro study of drug release in simulated stomach acid and intestinal fluid showed a much faster release of NFX from HAp surface than those of raw drug. HAp/NFX conjugate showed an excellent inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and yeast Candida albicans, proving the nanosized HAp powder as a promising drug carrier.

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Chitosan-capped enzyme-responsive hollow mesoporous silica nanoplatforms for colon-specific drug delivery

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16212/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Defu Cai ◽

Cuiyan Han ◽

Chang Liu ◽

Xiaoxing Ma ◽

Jiayi Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Specific Drug ◽

Hollow Mesoporous Silica Spheres ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Colon Specific Drug Delivery ◽

Loading Amount ◽

Hollow Mesoporous Silica

Abstract An enzyme-responsive colon-specific delivery system was developed based on hollow mesoporous silica spheres (HMSS) to which biodegradable chitosan (CS) was attached via cleavable azo bonds (HMSS-N=N-CS). Doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in a noncrystalline state in the hollow cavity and mesopores of HMSS with the high loading amount of 35.2%. In vitro drug release proved that HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX performed enzyme-responsive drug release. The grafted CS could increase the biocompatibility and stability, and reduce the protein adsorption on HMSS. Gastrointestinal mucosa irritation and cell cytotoxicity results indicated the good biocompatibility of HMSS and HMSS-N=N-CS. Cellular uptake results indicated that the uptake of DOX was obviously increased after HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX was preincubated with a colonic enzyme mixture. HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX incubated with colon enzymes showed increased cytotoxicity, and its IC 50 value was three times lower than that of HMSS-N=N-CS/DOX group without colon enzymes. The present work lays the foundation for subsequent research on mesoporous carriers for oral colon-specific drug delivery.

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Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan–Alginate Polyelectrolyte Complexes Loaded with Antibacterial Thyme Oil Nanoemulsions

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9183933 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (18) ◽

pp. 3933 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hamid Hamedi ◽

Sara Moradi ◽

Alan E. Tonelli ◽

Samuel M. Hudson

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Uv Spectroscopy ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Release Mechanism ◽

Vapor Permeability ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

Thyme Oil

Biomedical industries are attempting to utilize natural materials, as they are bio-compatible, non-toxic, and show bioactive properties, like antimicrobial activity. In this study, natural polyelectrolyte complexed chitosan/alginate films (PECs) were prepared via a casting/solvent evaporation technique, and their characteristics and drug release properties were investigated. PEC films made with two different overall polymer contents, 0.4 and 1 w/v%, were loaded with thyme oil nanoemulsion as drug carrier. The structure of the films was studied by FTIR and optical and scanning electron microscopy. Prepared PEC films had good mechanical and water vapor permeability properties. Release of the thyme oil from the pH-sensitive PEC films (TM-PEC) was detected and followed by UV spectroscopy. The results indicated that the drug release rate of TM-PEC films was the fastest when the chitosan content was 1 %w/v, and various mathematical models were analyzed for investigating the drug release mechanism. Antibacterial tests were performed by counting the number of surviving gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The in vitro test indicated the limitation Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) growth in the presence of TM-PEC films. The MTT test showed more cell viability of the TM-PEC film in comparison with that of the PEC film without TM. Based on the measured physical and antibacterial properties, the chitosan–alginate PEC films loaded with antibacterial essential oils can be considered for biomedical applications, such as wound dressings or controlled release systems.

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Antimicrobial Effect and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Mg-Doped Hydroxyapatite Functionalized with Au-Nano Rods

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1099

Author(s):

Domenico Franco ◽

Giovanna Calabrese ◽

Salvatore Petralia ◽

Giulia Neri ◽

Carmelo Corsaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Matrix ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Cell Number ◽

Bacterial Reduction ◽

E Coli ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Inorganic Mineral

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main inorganic mineral that constitutes bone matrix and represents the most used biomaterial for bone regeneration. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that HA exhibits good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity both in vitro and in vivo, and can be prepared by synthetic and natural sources via easy fabrication strategies. However, its low antibacterial property and its fragile nature restricts its usage for bone graft applications. In this study we functionalized a MgHA scaffold with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and evaluated its antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli in both suspension and adhesion and its cytotoxicity over time (1 to 24 days). Results show that the AuNRs nano-functionalization improves the antibacterial activity with 100% bacterial reduction after 24 h. The toxicity study, however, indicates a 4.38-fold cell number decrease at 24 days. Although further optimization on nano-functionalization process are needed for cytotoxicity, these data indicated that Au-NRs nano-functionalization is a very promising method for improving the antibacterial properties of HA.

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Effects of Gamma Radiation on the Sterility Assurance, Antibacterial Ability, and Biocompatibility of Impregnated Hydrogel Macrosphere Protein and Drug Release

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13060938 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 938

Author(s):

Po-Sung Fu ◽

Jen-Chyan Wang ◽

Pei-Ling Lai ◽

Shih-Ming Liu ◽

Ya-Shun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Water Absorption ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

High Rate ◽

Γ Irradiation ◽

Antibacterial Ability ◽

Before And After ◽

In Situ Hydrogel

Devices and medicines used in the medical field must be sterile. Gamma (γ)-irradiation is commonly used for sterilization because its high rate of penetration ensures uniform sterilization. To confirm that hydrogel macrosphere carriers inherit excellent liquid absorption with no cytotoxicity after γ-irradiation sterilization, investigating whether the physiochemical properties of hydrogel macrospheres differ before and after sterilization is essential. The present study evaluated the influence of the recommended 25-kGy γ-irradiation dose on the physicochemical characteristics and in vitro release of bovine serum albumin and vancomycin (an antibiotic medication) from alginate/gelatin with a w/w ratio of 1/4 crosslinking gel macrospheres. Gel macrosphere properties before and after sterilization were compared according to optical and scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy analysis, the amino residual crosslinking index, water absorption, degradation, sterility assurance, in vitro drug release, antibacterial ability, and cytotoxicity. The crosslinking index was almost unchanged; however, the γ-irradiation caused in situ hydrogel debonding and recrosslinking, which led to a decrease in the water absorption and increase in the degradation rate of the macrospheres after immersion. The release of gel macrospheres carrying vancomycin did not significantly affect antibacterial ability or biocompatibility after γ-irradiation. Accordingly, we conclude that γ-irradiation is suitable for macrospherical formulation.

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The Co-Culture of ASCs and EPCs Promotes Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis in Full Thickness Skin Defects

10.21203/rs.3.rs-136525/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shuang Lin ◽

Xiaoning He ◽

Yuanjia He

Keyword(s):

Culture System ◽

Large Scale ◽

Donor Site ◽

Skin Tissue ◽

Skin Defect ◽

Full Thickness ◽

Skin Defects ◽

Full Thickness Skin ◽

Thickness Skin

Abstract Background The repair of large-scale full-thickness skin defects represents a challenging obstacle in skin tissue engineering. To address the most important problem in skin defect repair, namely insufficient blood supply, this study aimed to find a method that could promote the formation of vascularized skin tissue. Method The phenotypes of ASCs and EPCs were identified respectively, and ASCs/EPCs were co-cultured in vitro to detect the expression of dermal and angiogenic genes. Furthermore, the co-culture system combined with dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel was used to repair the full-scale skin defects in rats.Result The co-culture of ASCs/EPCs could increase skin and angiogenesis-related gene expression in vitro. The results of in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that the ASCs/EPCs group could significantly accelerate the repair of skin defects by promoting the regeneration of vascularized skin.Conclusion It is feasible to replace traditional single seed cells with ASC/EPC co-culture system for vascularized skin regeneration. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better repair the full-thickness skin defects and avoid donor site morbidity.

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DICER1 regulates antibacterial function of epididymis by modulating transcription of β-defensins

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology ◽

10.1093/jmcb/mjy048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 408-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chunhua Tang ◽

Minjie Ni ◽

Shengsong Xie ◽

Yao Zhang ◽

Chaobao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Fertility ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Mouse Line ◽

Targeted Disruption ◽

Independent Manner ◽

Antibacterial Ability ◽

Principal Cells ◽

Key Enzyme

Abstract DICER1 is a key enzyme responsible for the maturation of microRNAs. Recent evidences suggested that DICER1 and microRNAs expressed in epididymis were involved in the control of male fertility. However, the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we created a mouse line by targeted disruption of Dicer1 gene in the principal cells of distal caput epididymis. Our data indicated that a set of β-defensin genes were downregulated by DICER1 rather than by microRNAs. Moreover, DICER1 was significantly enriched in the promoter of β-defensin gene and controlled transcription. Besides, the antibacterial ability of the adult epididymis significantly declined upon Dicer1 deletion both in vitro and in vivo. And a higher incidence of reproductive defect was observed in middle-aged Dicer1−/− males. These results suggest that DICER1 plays an important role in transcription of β-defensin genes, which are associated with the natural antibacterial properties in a microRNA-independent manner, and further impacts the male fertility.

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Encapsulation of Black Seed Oil in Alginate Beads as a pH-Sensitive Carrier for Intestine-Targeted Drug Delivery: In Vitro, In Vivo and Ex Vivo Study

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics12030219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 219 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Abul Kalam Azad ◽

Sinan Mohammed Abdullah Al-Mahmood ◽

Bappaditya Chatterjee ◽

Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman ◽

Tarek Mohamed Elsayed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Targeted Drug Delivery ◽

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Swelling Rate ◽

Targeted Drug ◽

Black Seed Oil

Black seed oil (BSO) has been used for various therapeutic purposes around the world since ancient eras. It is one of the most prominent oils used in nutraceutical formulations and daily consumption for its significant therapeutic value is common phenomena. The main aim of this study was to develop alginate-BSO beads as a controlled release system designed to control drug release in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Electrospray technology facilitates formulation of small and uniform beads with higher diffusion and swelling rates resulting in process performance improvement. The effect of different formulation and process variables was evaluated on the internal and external bead morphology, size, shape, encapsulation efficiency, swelling rate, in vitro drug release, release mechanism, ex vivo mucoadhesive strength and gastrointestinal tract qualitative and quantitative distribution. All the formulated beads showed small sizes of 0.58 ± 0.01 mm (F8) and spherical shape of 0.03 ± 0.00 mm. The coefficient of weight variation (%) ranged from 1.37 (F8) to 3.93 (F5) ng. All formulations (F1–F9) were studied in vitro for release characteristics and swelling behaviour, then the release data were fitted to various equations to determine the exponent (ns), swelling kinetic constant (ks), swelling rate (%/h), correlation coefficient (r2) and release kinetic mechanism. The oil encapsulation efficiency was almost complete at 90.13% ± 0.93% in dried beads. The maximum bead swelling rate showed 982.23 (F8, r2 = 0.996) in pH 6.8 and the drug release exceeded 90% in simulated gastrointestinal fluid (pH 6.8). Moreover, the beads were well distributed throughout various parts of the intestine. This designed formulation could possibly be advantageous in terms of increased bioavailability and targeted drug delivery to the intestine region and thus may find applications in some diseases like irritable bowel syndrome.

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