scholarly journals Plasma Deposited Polyoxazoline Films Integration Into Spiral Microfluidics for the Targeted Capture of Size Selected Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru A. Gheorghiu ◽  
Ines Muguet ◽  
James Chakiris ◽  
Kit Man Chan ◽  
Craig Priest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Prostate Cells ◽  
Plasma Activation ◽  
Targeted Capture ◽  
Malignant Prostate

Biomolecules readily and irreversibly bind to plasma deposited Polyoxazoline thin films in physiological conditions. The unique reactivity of these thin films toward antibodies is driving the development of immunosensing platforms for applications in cancer diagnostics. However, in order for these coatings to be used as advanced immunosensors, they need to be incorporated into microfluidic devices that are sealed via plasma bonding. In this work, the thickness, chemistry and reactivity of the polyoxazoline films were assessed following plasma activation. Films deposited from methyl and isopropenyl oxazoline precursors were integrated into spiral microfluidic devices and biofunctionalized with prostate cancer specific antibodies. Using microbeads as model particles, the design of the spiral microfluidic was optimised to enable the size-based isolation of cancer cells. The device was tested with a mixed cell suspension of healthy and malignant prostate cells. The results showed that, following size-specific separation in the spiral, selective capture was achieved on the immunofunctionalised PPOx surface. This proof of concept study demonstrates that plasma deposited polyoxazoline can be used for immunosensing in plasma bonded microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Strategy for fast manufacturing of 3D hydrodynamic focusing multilayer microfluidic chips and its application for flow-based synthesis of gold nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwei Wang ◽  
Michael Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Hydrodynamic Focusing ◽  
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive ◽  
Pmma Sheet ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Working Device ◽  
Channel Structures

AbstractFabrication of 3D microfluidic devices is normally quite expensive and tedious. A strategy was established to rapidly and effectively produce multilayer 3D microfluidic chips which are made of two layers of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets and three layers of double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes. The channel structures were cut in each layer by cutting plotter before assembly. The structured channels were covered by a PMMA sheet on top and a PMMA carrier which contained threads to connect with tubing. A large variety of PMMA slides and PSA tapes can easily be designed and cut with the help of a cutting plotter. The microfluidic chip was manually assembled by a simple lamination process.The complete fabrication process from device design concept to working device can be completed in minutes without the need of expensive equipment such as laser, thermal lamination, and cleanroom. This rapid frabrication method was applied for design of a 3D hydrodynamic focusing device for synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as proof-of-concept. The fouling of AuNPs was prevented by means of a sheath flow. Different parameters such as flow rate and concentration of reagents were controlled to achieve AuNPs of various sizes. The sheet-based fabrication method offers a possibility to create complex microfluidic devices in a rapid, cheap and easy way.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis as a Tool for Quantification of Conformational Transitions in DNA Thin Films

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5895
Author(s):  
Kristina Serec ◽  
Sanja Dolanski Babić
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Conformational Transitions ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Dna Conformation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
The Impact

The double-stranded B-form and A-form have long been considered the two most important native forms of DNA, each with its own distinct biological roles and hence the focus of many areas of study, from cellular functions to cancer diagnostics and drug treatment. Due to the heterogeneity and sensitivity of the secondary structure of DNA, there is a need for tools capable of a rapid and reliable quantification of DNA conformation in diverse environments. In this work, the second paper in the series that addresses conformational transitions in DNA thin films utilizing FTIR spectroscopy, we exploit popular chemometric methods: the principal component analysis (PCA), support vector machine (SVM) learning algorithm, and principal component regression (PCR), in order to quantify and categorize DNA conformation in thin films of different hydrated states. By complementing FTIR technique with multivariate statistical methods, we demonstrate the ability of our sample preparation and automated spectral analysis protocol to rapidly and efficiently determine conformation in DNA thin films based on the vibrational signatures in the 1800–935 cm−1 range. Furthermore, we assess the impact of small hydration-related changes in FTIR spectra on automated DNA conformation detection and how to avoid discrepancies by careful sampling.

scholarly journals Succinate Anaplerosis Has an Onco-Driving Potential in Prostate Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina B. Sant’Anna-Silva ◽  
Juan A. Perez-Valencia ◽  
Marco Sciacovelli ◽  
Claude Lalou ◽  
Saharnaz Sarlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Complex ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Prostate Cells ◽  
Malignant Prostate

Tumor cells display metabolic alterations when compared to non-transformed cells. These characteristics are crucial for tumor development, maintenance and survival providing energy supplies and molecular precursors. Anaplerosis is the property of replenishing the TCA cycle, the hub of carbon metabolism, participating in the biosynthesis of precursors for building blocks or signaling molecules. In advanced prostate cancer, an upshift of succinate-driven oxidative phosphorylation via mitochondrial Complex II was reported. Here, using untargeted metabolomics, we found succinate accumulation mainly in malignant cells and an anaplerotic effect contributing to biosynthesis, amino acid, and carbon metabolism. Succinate also stimulated oxygen consumption. Malignant prostate cells displayed higher mitochondrial affinity for succinate when compared to non-malignant prostate cells and the succinate-driven accumulation of metabolites induced expression of mitochondrial complex subunits and their activities. Moreover, extracellular succinate stimulated migration, invasion, and colony formation. Several enzymes linked to accumulated metabolites in the malignant cells were found upregulated in tumor tissue datasets, particularly NME1 and SHMT2 mRNA expression. High expression of the two genes was associated with shorter disease-free survival in prostate cancer cohorts. Moreover, in-vitro expression of both genes was enhanced in prostate cancer cells upon succinate stimulation. In conclusion, the data indicate that uptake of succinate from the tumor environment has an anaplerotic effect that enhances the malignant potential of prostate cancer cells.

scholarly journals Rapid Production of PDMS Microdevices for Electrodriven Separations and Microfluidics by 3D-Printed Scaffold Removal

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Alena Šustková ◽  
Klára Konderlová ◽  
Ester Drastíková ◽  
Stefan Sützl ◽  
Lenka Hárendarčíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Magnetic Microparticles ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
3D Printed

In our work, we produced PDMS-based microfluidic devices by mechanical removal of 3D-printed scaffolds inserted in PDMS. Two setups leading to the fabrication of monolithic PDMS-based microdevices and bonded (or stamped) PDMS-based microdevices were designed. In the monolithic devices, the 3D-printed scaffolds were fully inserted in the PDMS and then carefully removed. The bonded devices were produced by forming imprints of the 3D-printed scaffolds in PDMS, followed by bonding the PDMS parts to glass slides. All these microfluidic devices were then successfully employed in three proof-of-concept applications: capture of magnetic microparticles, formation of droplets, and isotachophoresis separation of model organic dyes.

Role of plasma activation in tailoring the nanostructure of multifunctional oxides thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 255 (10) ◽  
pp. 5396-5400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Giangregorio ◽  
Maria Losurdo ◽  
Pio Capezzuto ◽  
Giovanni Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Plasma Activation ◽  
Multifunctional Oxides

scholarly journals A physical framework for implementing virtual models of intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus shunt testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Venkataraman ◽  
Samuel R. Browd ◽  
Barry R. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Subsequent Measurement

OBJECTIVE The surgical placement of a shunt designed to resolve the brain's impaired ability to drain excess CSF is one of the most common treatments for hydrocephalus. The use of a dynamic testing platform is an important part of shunt testing that can faithfully reproduce the physiological environment of the implanted shunts. METHODS A simulation-based framework that serves as a proof of concept for enabling the application of virtual intracranial pressure (ICP) and CSF models to a physical shunt-testing system was engineered. This was achieved by designing hardware and software that enabled the application of dynamic model-driven inlet and outlet pressures to a shunt and the subsequent measurement of the resulting drainage rate. RESULTS A set of common physiological scenarios was simulated, including oscillations in ICP due to respiratory and cardiac cycles, changes in baseline ICP due to changes in patient posture, and transient ICP spikes caused by activities such as exercise, coughing, sneezing, and the Valsalva maneuver. The behavior of the Strata valve under a few of these physiological conditions is also demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Testing shunts with dynamic ICP and CSF simulations can facilitate the optimization of shunts to be more failure resistant and better suited to patient physiology.

scholarly journals Enhanced physicochemical properties of polydimethylsiloxane based microfluidic devices and thin films by incorporating synthetic micro-diamond

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Waheed ◽  
Joan M. Cabot ◽  
Niall P. Macdonald ◽  
Umme Kalsoom ◽  
Syamak Farajikhah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Microfluidic Devices

scholarly journals The Involvement of Bax in Zinc-Induced Mitochondrial Apoptogenesis in Malignant Prostate Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Feng ◽  
Tieluo Li ◽  
Zhixin Guan ◽  
Renty B Franklin ◽  
Leslie C Costello
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cells ◽  
Malignant Prostate

scholarly journals Encoding stereochemical molecular information on cyclophanes using non-directional interactions and achiral building blocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Benjamin Ourri ◽  
Pierre-Thomas Skowron ◽  
Emeric Jeamet ◽  
Ana Belenguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Molecular Programming ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Molecular Information ◽  
Synthetic Chemist ◽  
Configuration Information

The stereoselective assembly of achiral constituents through a single spontaneous process into complex covalent architectures bearing multiple stereogenic elements currently seems out of reach to the synthetic chemist. It even seems beyond what nature itself has managed to attain through evolution. Here, we show that such an extreme level of control can be achieved by molecular programming, i.e. by implementing stereo-electronic information on synthetic organic building blocks and exploiting the features of the covalent reactions and interactions, whose interplay acts as a powerful assembling algorithm. Remarkably, we show that non-directional bonds and interactions can reliably transfer this information, delivering in near to physiological conditions, high-molecular weight macrocyclic species carrying up to 8-bits of conformational and configuration information. Beyond the field of supramolecular chemistry, this proof of concept should stimulate the on-demand production of highly structured polyfunctional architectures.

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