scholarly journals Cuminum cyminum L. Essential Oil: A Promising Antibacterial and Antivirulence Agent Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aram Sharifi ◽  
Abdolmajid Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Taghi Zahraei Salehi ◽  
Pezhman Mahmoodi ◽  
Alireza Nourian
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum

Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) is valued for its aromatic and medicinal properties. There are several reports of antibacterial activity of C. cyminum essential oil (CcEO). Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism(s) of action of the CcEO against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, 10 S. aureus MDR isolates, obtained from different sources, were selected based on the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute definition and subjected to the examinations. Our results exhibited promising bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties of the CcEO. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged from 5 to 10 and 10 to 20 μL ⋅ mL–1, respectively. Scanning electron microscope was used to assess the bacterial cell structure and morphology after the induction with 1/2 MIC concentration of the CcEO. The observed morphological changes appeared to be deformation of the cell membrane and destruction of the cells. In the case of quorum sensing inhibitory potential, treatment of S. aureus isolates with the sub-MIC concentrations (1/2 MIC) of the CcEO significantly reduced the hld expression (3.13-fold downregulation), which considerably controls S. aureus quorum-sensing accessory regulator system. Another virulence factor influenced by the CcEO was the polysaccharide intercellular adhesion production system, as an important component of cell–cell adhesion and biofilm formation. Consequently, the expression level of the intercellular adhesion (ica) locus in the S. aureus cells was examined following treatment with CcEO. The results showed significant decrease (−3.3-fold) in ica expression, indicating that the CcEO could potentially interfere with the process of biofilm formation. Using the ethidium bromide efflux inhibition assay, the S. aureus NorA efflux pump was phenotypically but not genotypically (in quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay) affected by the CcEO treatment. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, cuminic aldehyde (38.26%), α,β-dihydroxyethylbenzene (29.16%), 2-caren-10-al (11.20%), and γ-terpinene (6.49%) were the most detected compounds. The antibacterial and antivirulence action of the CcEO at sub-MIC concentrations means that no microbial resistance will be promoted and developed after the treatment with this agent. These findings revealed that the CcEO is a promising antibacterial agent to control infections caused by the MDR S. aureus strains.

scholarly journals Pyranoanthocyanins Interfering with the Quorum Sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8559
Author(s):  
Patrícia Coelho ◽  
Joana Oliveira ◽  
Iva Fernandes ◽  
Paula Araújo ◽  
Ana Rita Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Bacterial Quorum ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-cell communication system that regulates several bacterial mechanisms, including the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation. Thus, targeting microbial QS is seen as a plausible alternative strategy to antibiotics, with potentiality to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. Many phytochemicals with QS interference activity are currently being explored. Herein, an extract and a compound of bioinspired origin were tested for their ability to inhibit biofilm formation and interfere with the expression of QS-related genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The extract, a carboxypyranoanthocyanins red wine extract (carboxypyrano-ant extract), and the pure compound, carboxypyranocyanidin-3-O-glucoside (carboxypyCy-3-glc), did not cause a visible effect on the biofilm formation of the P. aeruginosa biofilms; however, both significantly affected the formation of biofilms by the S. aureus strains, as attested by the crystal violet assay and fluorescence microscopy. Both the extract and the pure compound significantly interfered with the expression of several QS-related genes in the P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms, as per reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results. Indeed, it was possible to conclude that these molecules interfere with QS at distinct stages and in a strain-specific manner. An extract with anti-QS properties could be advantageous because it is easily obtained and could have broad, antimicrobial therapeutic applications if included in topical formulations.

scholarly journals Essential Oils from Indigenous Iranian Plants: A Natural Weapon vs. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Pajohi Alamoti ◽  
Behnaz Bazargani-Gilani ◽  
Razzagh Mahmoudi ◽  
Anna Reale ◽  
Babak Pakbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mentha Longifolia

Aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of herbal plant essential oils (EOs) from selected Iranian plant species such as Ferulago angulata, Zataria multiflora, Cuminum cyminum, and Mentha longifolia against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. For this purpose, the Escherichia coli strains, isolated from raw cow’s milk and local dairy products (yogurt, cream, whey, cheese, and confectionery products) collected from different areas of Hamedan province, Iran, were investigated for their resistance to antibiotics (i.e., streptomycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and cefixime). Thus, the E. coli strains were tested for their susceptibility to the above-mentioned essential oils. Regarding antibiotics, the E. coli strains were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin. In relation to essential oils, the most effective antibacterial activity was observed with Zataria multiflora; also, the bacteria were semi-sensitive to Cuminum cyminum and Mentha longifolia essential oils. All strains were resistant to Ferulago angulata essential oil. According to the results, the essential oil of Zataria multiflora can be considered as a practical and alternative antibacterial strategy to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant E. coli of dairy origin.

An Alanine-Rich Peptide Attenuates Quorum Sensing-Regulated Virulence and Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1228-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raid Al Akeel ◽  
Ayesha Mateen ◽  
Rabbani Syed
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Microarray Gene Expression ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Abstract Background: Alanine-rich proteins/peptides (ARP), with bioactivity of up to 20 amino acid residues, can be observed by the body easily during gastrointestinal digestion. Objective: Populus trichocarpa extract’s capability to attenuate quorum sensing-regulated virulence and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus is described. Methods: PT13, an ARP obtained from P. trichocarpa, was tested for its activity against S. aureus using the broth microdilution test; a crystal-violet biofilm assay was performed under a scanning electron microscope. The production of various virulence factors was estimated with PT13 treatment. Microarray gene expression profiling of PT13-treated S. aureus was conducted and compared with an untreated control. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) was estimated to observe the PT13 inhibition activity. Results: PT13 was antimicrobial toward S. aureus at different concentrations and showed a similar growth rate in the presence and absence of PT13 at concentrations ≤8 μg/mL. Biofilm production was interrupted even at low concentrations, and biofilm-related genes were down-regulated when exposed to PT13. The genes encoding cell adhesion and bacterial attachment protein were the major genes suppressed by PT13. In addition, hemolysins, clumping activity, and EPS production of S. aureus decreased after treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions: A long-chain PT13 with effective actions that, even at low concentration levels, not only regulated the gene expression in the producer organism but also blocked the virulence gene expression in this Gram-positive human pathogen is described. Highlights: We identified a PT13 as a potential antivirulence agent that regulated production of bacterial virulence determinants (e.g., toxins, enzymes and biofilm), downwards and it may be a promising anti-virulence agent to be further developed as an anti-infective agent.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Endostemon tereticaulis (Poir.) M. Ashby Essential Oil and Ethanolic Extract Against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2095325
Author(s):  
Bala Namata Abba ◽  
Abderrahmane Romane ◽  
Amadou Tidjani Ilagouma
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration

Endostemon tereticaulis (poir.) M.Ashby is a species of the Lamiaceae family present in Niger. This plant is used in traditional medicine due to its various biological potentialities. The present study investigated the chemical composition of the essential oil and the antibacterial activity of the essential oil and ethanolic extract of Endostemon tereticaulis against resistant pathogenic bacteria. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oil led to the identification of 43 compounds representing 99.55% of the total essential oil. The major components were caryophyllene oxide (15.17%) followed by α-humulene (13.96%), α-copaene (11.75%), ( E)-β-caryophyllene (8.44%), and δ-cadinene (6.78%). The antibacterial activity was tested against multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii P1483, Salmonella spp. H1548, extended-spectrum β-lactamase- Escherichia coli Bu8566, Enterobacter cloacae Bu147, Proteus mirabilis Bu190 , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Enterococcus faecium H3434, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus P1123, and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). The antibacterial assays revealed that the essential oil was more active than the ethanolic extract against the studied bacteria with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 0.06 to 2 mg/mL. Also, the ethanolic extract was effective against the bacteria tested with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.12 to 3 mg/mL. This study showed that Endostemon tereticaulis essential oil is rich in bioactive compounds. Ethanolic extract and essential oil exhibited potential antibacterial activity. These results provide a scientific basis for the use of this plant in traditional medicine. The current study described for the first time the antibacterial activity of Endostemon tereticaulis.

scholarly journals Synthesis, In Silico, and In Vitro Evaluation of Long Chain Alkyl Amides from 2-Amino-4-Quinolone Derivatives as Biofilm Inhibitors

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Espinosa-Valdés ◽  
Sara Borbolla-Alvarez ◽  
Ana Delgado-Espinosa ◽  
Juan Sánchez-Tejeda ◽  
Anabelle Cerón-Nava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Amide Derivatives ◽  
Long Chain

Infection from multidrug resistant bacteria has become a growing health concern worldwide, increasing the need for developing new antibacterial agents. Among the strategies that have been studied, biofilm inhibitors have acquired relevance as a potential source of drugs that could act as a complement for current and new antibacterial therapies. Based on the structure of 2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone and N-acylhomoserine lactone, molecules that act as mediators of quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we designed, prepared, and evaluated the biofilm inhibition properties of long chain amide derivatives of 2-amino-4-quinolone in Staphylococcus aureus and P. aeruginosa. All compounds had higher biofilm inhibition activity in P. aeruginosa than in S. aureus. Particularly, compounds with an alkyl chain of 12 carbons exhibited the highest inhibition of biofilm formation. Docking scores and molecular dynamics simulations of the complexes of the tested compounds within the active sites of proteins related to quorum sensing had good correlation with the experimental results, suggesting the diminution of biofilm formation induced by these compounds could be related to the inhibition of these proteins.

Higher biofilm formation in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Sung Kwon ◽  
Gwang Chul Park ◽  
So Yeon Ryu ◽  
Dong Hoon Lim ◽  
Dong Yoon Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates

AI-2 quorum sensing negatively regulates rbf expression and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 307 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghua Ma ◽  
Shuwan Qiu ◽  
Qiu Jiang ◽  
Haipeng Sun ◽  
Ting Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation

Prevalence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates with strong biofilm formation ability among animal-based food in Shanghai

Food Control ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 107106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chujun Ou ◽  
Daiqi Shang ◽  
Jingxian Yang ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Jiang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant

scholarly journals PYED-1 Inhibits Biofilm Formation and Disrupts the Preformed Biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Vollaro ◽  
Anna Esposito ◽  
Eliana Pia Esposito ◽  
Raffaele Zarrilli ◽  
Annalisa Guaragna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Pregnadiene-11-hydroxy-16α,17α-epoxy-3,20-dione-1 (PYED-1), a heterocyclic corticosteroid derivative of deflazacort, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we investigated the effect of PYED-1 on the biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, an etiological agent of biofilm-based chronic infections such as osteomyelitis, indwelling medical device infections, periodontitis, chronic wound infections, and endocarditis. PYED-1 caused a strong reduction in biofilm formation in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, it was also able to completely remove the preformed biofilm. Transcriptional analysis performed on the established biofilm revealed that PYED-1 downregulates the expression of genes related to quorum sensing (agrA, RNAIII, hld, psm, and sarA), surface proteins (clfB and fnbB), secreted toxins (hla, hlb, and lukD), and capsular polysaccharides (capC). The expression of genes that encode two main global regulators, sigB and saeR, was also significantly inhibited after treatment with PYED-1. In conclusion, PYED-1 not only effectively inhibited biofilm formation, but also eradicated preformed biofilms of S. aureus, modulating the expression of genes related to quorum sensing, surface and secreted proteins, and capsular polysaccharides. These results indicated that PYED-1 may have great potential as an effective antibiofilm agent to prevent S. aureus biofilm-associated infections.

Rosemary and Tea Tree Essential Oils Exert Antibiofilm Activities In Vitro against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1267
Author(s):  
TING LIU ◽  
JINGFAN WANG ◽  
XIAOMAN GONG ◽  
XIAOXIA WU ◽  
LIU LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to determine the bioactive compounds in rosemary essential oil (REO) and tea tree essential oil (TEO) and to investigate their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. The MIC and MBC assays were performed to assess the antibacterial activity of these two EOs against S. aureus and E. coli with the broth microdilution method. A crystal violet assay was used to ascertain the effects of EOs on the biofilm formation of the test strains, and a tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to measure the level of inactivation of mature biofilms by EOs. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed 15 compounds in REO and 27 compounds in TEO, representing 97.78 and 98.13% of the total EO, respectively. Eucalyptol and α-pinene were found in high concentrations in REO, and the two major compounds in TEO were 4-terpineol and terpinolene. The MICs of REO for the two S. aureus and E. coli test strains were both 0.5 mg/mL, and the MICs of TEO for the two strains were both 0.25 mg/mL. Therefore, these EOs can significantly inhibit the formation of biofilms and induced morphological biofilm changes, as verified by scanning electron microscopy. Both EOs had destructive effects on the mature biofilm of the two test strains. TEO was more inhibitory than REO for biofilm formation by the two test strains. HIGHLIGHTS

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