scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Zinc Sources on Growth Performance and Gut Health of Weaned Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Diao ◽  
Jiayou Yan ◽  
Shuwei Li ◽  
Shengyao Kuang ◽  
Xiaolan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Expression Level ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Zinc Sources

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary zinc sources on the growth performance and gut health of weaned piglets. In total, 96 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) weaned piglets with an initial average body weight of 8.81±0.42kg were divided into four groups, with six replicates per treatment and four pigs per replicate. The dietary treatment groups were as follows: (1) control group, basal diet; (2) zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) group, basal diet +100mg/kg ZnSO4; (3) glycine zinc (Gly-Zn) group, basal diet +100mg/kg Gly-Zn and (4) zinc lactate group, and basal diet +100mg/kg zinc lactate. The whole trial lasted for 28days. Decreased F/G was noted in the Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups (p<0.05). The zinc lactate group had a lower diarrhea rate than the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the ZnSO4, Gly-Zn, and zinc lactate groups had significantly higher apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude ash, and zinc than the control group (p<0.05). The Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups had higher jejunal villus height and a higher villus height:crypt depth ratio than the control group (p<0.05). In addition, the ZnSO4, Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups had a significantly lower mRNA expression level of jejunal ZRT/IRT-like protein 4 (ZIP4) and higher mRNA expression level of jejunal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) than the control group (p<0.05). The mRNA expression level of jejunal zinc transporter 2 (ZNT2) was higher and that of jejunal Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) was lower in the Gly-Zn and zinc lactate groups than in the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the zinc lactate group had a higher count of Lactobacillus spp. in the cecal digesta and higher mRNA expression levels of jejunal occludin and mucin 2 (MUC2) than the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 100mg/kg ZnSO4, Gly-Zn, or zinc lactate could improve the growth performance and gut barrier function of weaned piglets. Dietary supplementation with organic zinc, particularly zinc lactate, had the best effect.

scholarly journals PSVI-40 Effects of dietary glucan on intestinal morphology, immunity response, barrier function and antioxidant capacity in weaning pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
xia xiong ◽  
Lvliang Wu ◽  
Yirui Shao ◽  
Jian zou ◽  
Yulong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Abstract Glucan has been studied as a potential alternative to antibiotics for animals in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary glucan on growth performance and gut health of weaning piglets, which is a water-soluble extracellular ꞵ-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09. A total of 108 weaned piglets (21 d of age; 6.05 ± 0.36 kg) were randomly assigned (6 pens/diet; 18 piglets/pen) to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with 20 ppm olaquindox or 200 ppm glucan for 14 days, respectively. The results showed that piglets fed with glucan had greater (P < 0.05) body weight and average daily gain than piglets in control group. Piglets fed with glucan or antibiotic had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio on duodenum compared with control group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of Claudin-1 on duodenum or ileum was higher (P < 0.05) in glucan group than that on the other groups. The mRNA expression of TLR4, MYD88 and NFκB on jejunum were lower (P < 0.05) in glucan or antibiotic group than those in control group. Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the IL-10 and SIgA concentration on ileum (0.05 < P < 0.1). Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the total antioxidant capacity on jejunum (P = 0.093). In conclusion, 200 ppm glucan or 20 ppm olaquindox can improve the growth performance of weaning piglets. The glucan may can accelerate the growth of weaned piglets by improving gut health. This research will provide guidance for the olaquindox alternative on growing piglets.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Promotes Growth and Gut Health of Weaned Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilong Tian ◽  
Xiaodan Wang ◽  
Yehui Duan ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Group A

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different types of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on the growth and gut health of weaned piglets. A total of 160 piglets were randomly assigned into four groups: control group (a basal diet), BS-A group (a basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis A at 1 × 106 CFU/g feed), BS-B group (a basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis B at 1 × 106 CFU/g feed), and BS-C group (a basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis C at 1 × 106 CFU/g feed). All groups had five replicates with eight piglets per replicate. On days 7, 21, and 42 of the trial, blood plasma and intestinal tissues and digesta samples were collected to determine plasma cytokine concentrations, intestinal morphology, gut microbiota community and metabolic activity, and the expression of genes related to gut physiology and metabolism. The results showed that dietary B. subtilis supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the body weight and average daily gain (in BS-B and BS-C groups) of weaned piglets and decreased (P < 0.05) the diarrhea rates (in BS-A, BS-B, and BS-C groups). In the intestinal morphology analysis, B. subtilis supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the size of villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in the ileum of weaned piglets. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Tenericutes were the most dominant microflora in piglets' colon whatever the trial group and time of analysis. Dietary BS-C supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundances of Anaerovibrio and Bulleidia and decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundances of Clostridium and Coprococcus compared with the control group. In addition, dietary B. subtilis supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the indicators of intestinal health, including plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, as well as the colonic levels of short-chain fatty acids. Furthermore, dietary B. subtilis supplementation also up-regulated (P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in metabolic pathways related to intestinal microbiota maturation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that a diet containing BS-B or BS-C can efficiently promote growth performance, decrease diarrhea incidence, and ameliorate several indicators of intestinal health through the modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity in weaned piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary supplementation with exogenous catalase on growth performance, oxidative stress, and hepatic apoptosis in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Xilun Zhao ◽  
Xuemei Jiang ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Liang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous catalase (CAT) in the diet of weaned piglets on growth performance, oxidative capacity, and hepatic apoptosis after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In experiment 1, 72 weaned piglets [Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 6.90 ± 0.01 kg body weight (BW), 21 d of age] were randomly assigned to be fed either a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 2,000 mg/kg CAT (CAT group; dietary CAT activity, 120 U/kg) for 35 d. Blood samples were collected on day 21 and day 35. At the end of this experiment, 12 pigs were selected from each of the CON and CAT groups, and six pigs were injected with LPS (50 μg/kg BW), while the remaining six pigs were injected with an equal amount of sterile saline, resulting in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (experiment 2). Blood samples and rectal temperature data were collected 0 and 4 h after challenge, and liver samples were obtained after evisceration. The gain-to-feed ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in piglets in the CAT group than in those in the CON group from day 1 to 35. Catalase and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities were higher (P < 0.05), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower (P < 0.05), in piglets in the CAT group than in those in the CON group at day 35. During challenge, rectal temperature and liver MDA and H2O2 concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas plasma CAT and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and liver CAT activity decreased markedly (P < 0.05), in LPS-challenged piglets 4 h post-challenge. Increased CAT activity and decreased MDA concentration were observed in the plasma and liver of piglets in the CAT group 4 h post-challenge (P < 0.05). Dietary CAT supplementation markedly suppressed the LPS-induced decrease in plasma GSH-Px activity and liver CAT activity to levels observed in the CON group (P < 0.05) as well as significantly decreasing the concentration and mRNA expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 (P < 0.05). LPS-induced liver injury was also attenuated by dietary CAT supplementation, as demonstrated by a decrease in liver caspase-3 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Overall, dietary supplementation with 2,000 mg/kg exogenous CAT (dietary CAT activity, 120 U/kg) improves growth performance and has a beneficial effect on antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets; alleviates oxidative stress and reduces liver damage by suppressing hepatic apoptosis in LPS-challenged piglets.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Dietary Fermented Mao-tai Lees on Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, and Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites of Weaned Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Huawei Li ◽  
Pan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Plasma Urea

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees (FML) on growth performance, plasma metabolites, and intestinal microbiota and metabolites of weaned piglets. A total of 128 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets (28-days old) were randomly assigned to one of four groups, feeding a basal diet (control group), a basal diet supplemented with 2, 4 or 6% FML, respectively, for 42days. The results showed that dietary 4% FML supplementation had higher (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and plasma triglyceride concentration during days 1–14 of the trial than the other FML supplemented groups. In addition, dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation increased (p<0.05) the ADG during days 15–28 of the trial and plasma total protein concentration on day 42 of the trial compared with the 6% FML supplement. The plasma concentrations of arginine, ethanolamine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, proline, taurine, threonine, and tyrosine were increased (p<0.05) in the 4% FML group compared with the other three groups on day 14 of the trial. Dietary supplementation with 2–6% FML decreased (p<0.05) the plasma urea nitrogen concentration on day 14 of the trial and the abundance of Escherichia coli in the colon, and dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation decreased (p<0.05) the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria compared with the control group. In the intestinal contents, a higher concentration of FML (6%) supplementation decreased (p<0.05) the colonic acetate concentration compared with the control and 2% FML groups, while 4% FML supplementation increased (p<0.05) the colonic cadaverine concentration compared with the other three groups. In conclusion, dietary 4% FML supplementation might contribute to the increased amino acids metabolism without affecting the growth performance of weaned piglets. Moreover, dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation were also beneficial to intestinal health via decreasing the abundances of specific pathogens and increasing the concentrations of microbial metabolites in the gut, which provides the theoretical basis and data support for the application of FML in pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingfa Wang ◽  
Luli Zhou ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Guanyu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.

scholarly journals 14. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Garlic (Allium Sativum) and Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Profile and Oxidative Status in Growing Rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Alagawany ◽  
Elwy Ali Ashour ◽  
Fayez Mohamed Reda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Blood Profile

Abstract This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with garlic and turmeric powder as growth promoter agents on performance, carcass traits, serum biochemistry, and antioxidant enzyme activities of growing rabbits. A total of 112 New Zealand White rabbits (NZW) at 5 weeks of age were randomly assigned to seven treatments with four replicates. The dietary treatments consisted of 7 groups as follows; the basal diet as control, phytogenic additives groups were supplemented with 2, 4, and 6 g/kg garlic or turmeric powder added to the basal diet. There were no linear and quadratic differences (P<0.05) in growth performance after garlic or turmeric supplementation at all studied ages. Compared with the control group, supplementation of diets with garlic or turmeric linearly and quadratically elevated immunity biomarkers such as total protein (TP), albumin (AL) and immunoglobulin (IgG) levels and decreased (linearly and quadratically, P<0.05) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT ), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in rabbit serum. However, TP, AL, globulin (GL), IgG and IgM levels were linearly and quadratically enhanced with increasing turmeric levels versus the control diet. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT ) and glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px activities as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were linearly and quadratically (P<0.05) improved in garlic or turmeric additives fed groups. While MDA concentration was statistically (linearly, P= 0.022) reduced in comparison with the control group. It could be concluded that garlic or turmeric supplementation (2, 4 and 6 g/kg) did not linearly and quadratically affect growth performance but improved the immunity responses and lowered the lipid profile in blood and lipid peroxidation in liver and increased hepatic antioxidant activity in treated rabbits.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin B6 on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and gene expression in weaned piglets that are fed a low-protein diet1

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanmei Yin ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Huiru Wang ◽  
Zhenfeng Yi ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Cox 2

Abstract Vitamin B6 (VB6), which is an essential functional substance for biosome, plays an irreplaceable role in animal health. However, there are few studies that focus on the correlation between VB6 and intestinal health in weaned piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of VB6 on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and inflammatory cytokines and amino acid (AA) transporters mRNA expression in weaned piglets that are fed a low crude-protein (CP, 18%) diet. Eighteen crossbred piglets with initial body weights of 7.03 ± 0.17 kg (means ± SEM), weaned at 21-d age, were randomly assigned three diets with 0, 4, and 7 mg/kg VB6 supplementation, respectively. The experimental period lasted 14 days. Our results showed that there were no significant differences in growth performance, diarrhea rate, and biochemical parameters among the three treatments. In the jejunum, dietary VB6 supplementation did not affect the morphology and positive Ki67 counts. Dietary supplementation with 4 mg/kg VB6 decreased the mRNA expression of COX-2, IL-10, and TGF-β (P &lt; 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 7 mg/kg VB6 increased the mRNA expression of SLC7A1, SLC7A6, SLC16A14, and SLC38A5 (P &lt; 0.05) and 4 or 7 mg/kg VB6 decreased SLC36A1 mRNA expression (P &lt; 0.05). In the ileum, VB6 supplementation did not affect positive Ki67 counts but significantly decreased villus area (P &lt; 0.05) and tended to decrease villus height (P = 0.093). Dietary supplementation with 4 mg/kg VB6 had significantly increased the mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, IL-10, and TGF-β (P &lt; 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 4 or 7 mg/kg VB6 had significantly decreased SLC6A20, SLC7A1, SLC7A6, SLC16A14, and SLC38A5 mRNA expression (P &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of VB6 mainly down-regulated inflammatory cytokines and up-regulated AA transporters mRNA expression in jejunum, while up-regulated (4 mg/kg) inflammatory cytokines and down-regulated AA transporters mRNA expression in ileum, which may provide a reference for the intestinal development of weaned piglets that are fed a low-CP diet.

scholarly journals Administration of Saccharomyces boulardii mafic-1701 improves growth performance, promotes antioxidant capacity, alleviates intestinal inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in weaned piglets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiu Zhang ◽  
Chengling Bao ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zang ◽  
Yunhe Cao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Piglets

Abstract Background: Probiotics seem to be an alternative to antibiotics for improving animal's health and intestinal development. Saccharomyces boulardii ( S. boulardii ) is a well-known probiotic. However, only few studies have been performed examining the effects of S. boulardii on weaned piglets . Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary S. boulardii mafic-1701 on growth performance, antioxidant parameters, inflammation and intestinal microbiota in weaned piglets, using aureomycin as positive control. One hundred and eight piglets were randomly divided into three dietary treatment groups: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg aureomycin (ANT); (3) basal diet supplemented with 1 × 10 8 CFU/kg S. boulardii mafic-1701 (SB). Results: Compared to CON, the supplementation with S. boulardii mafic-1701 improved feed efficiency over the entire 28 days ( P < 0.01) and decreased the rate of diarrhea during the first week ( P < 0.05). Total superoxide dismutase concentration was markedly increased in piglets with S. boulardii mafic-1701 ( P < 0.01). Moreover, compared with CON, SB increased the concentration of interleukin-4 in ileum ( P < 0.05), while the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 ( P < 0.01) and tumor necrosis factor ( P < 0.01) were decreased in jejunum. SB increased the abundance of Bacillus and Ruminococcaceae ( P < 0.05), whereas the population of Clostridiaceae were decreased ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, the analysis of microbiota metabolites showed that S. boulardii mafic-1701 administration increased the concentration of formate and isobutyrate in cecum to maintain a stable microbiota and gut health ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that S. boulardii mafic-1701 supplementation could improve growth performance, alleviate the severity of diarrhea in weaned piglets, which may be associated with S. boulardii mafic-1701 promoted antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory responses and microbi al ecology of piglets.

scholarly journals 1Hz and 100mT Electromagnetic Field Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells Through Up-Regulation of P38 and P21

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Akram Sajadian ◽  
Elham Razmpoosh ◽  
Farshid Alaeddini ◽  
Maryam Bassiri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Expression Level ◽  
Sham Exposure

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among women. Recently, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) has been proposed as a new interfering agent with future therapeutic potentials. Many studies have revealed that cellular processes such as apoptosis in breast cancer are affected by ELF-EMFs. However, more researches are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of action for these fields. In this study, the apoptotic effect of ELF-EMF on the MC4L2 cell line was examined and the mRNA expression level of the P21 and P38 genes were further investigated. Methods: A triple-positive mouse breast cancer cell line (MC4L2) was purchased from the Genetic Resource Center (Iran). This study was performed on two groups of ELF-EMF exposure (100mT/1 Hz for 5 days, 120 min each day) and sham exposure. Cell viability and apoptosis rate of both the exposure and sham exposure groups weredetermined by flow cytometry. Alterations in the P21 and P38 mRNAs expression levelswere investigated; using real-time PCR. Results: ELF-EMF exposure induced 30% apoptosis in MC4L2 cells compared with the control group. The mRNA expression level of P38 and P21 was significantly increased after ELF-EMF exposure compared to the control group. Conclusions: ELF-EMF induces apoptosis in the MC4L2 triple-positive cell line. Furthermore, this exposure affects important gene expression involved in the cell cycle. Our data propose that ELF-EMF in a specific time, intensity, and frequency could be beneficial for breast cancer treatment. However, more studies are required to confirm our findings.

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