scholarly journals Lycopene Aggravates Acute Gastric Injury Induced by Ethanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Yuechao Zhao ◽  
Keying Liu ◽  
Zexu Li ◽  
Xingru Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Pathological Evaluation ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Injury Control

Lycopene is an important natural red pigment with strong singlet oxygen and peroxide free radical quenching ability. Ethanol directly destroys the epithelial cells of gastric mucosa, causing oxidative damage and inflammation. To evaluate the effect of lycopene on the ethanol induced gastric injury, 112 adult male Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control, lycopene control, gastric injury control, omeprazole (20 mg/kg) positive control, and lycopene experimental groups (at doses of 10, 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight) in this study. The general and pathological evaluation, gastric secretion, as well as the levels of antioxidant and inflammatory factors were detected. In lycopene experimental groups, the amount of gastric juice were lower than that in the gastric injury control group; the levels of T-SOD, and the levels of MDA and inflammatory factors (MMP-9 and MCP-1) decreased. However, general and pathological evaluation of gastric tissues revealed that lycopene (especially at high doses) could aggravate acute gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol. Therefore, lycopene (especially at high doses) aggravates acute gastric mucosal injury caused by ethanol, but this was not due to oxidative stress or inflammatory factors. In lycopene control group, the levels of MTL, T-SOD, and NO increased, but the levels of ALT and AST decreased, indicating that lycopene has a protective effect on the stomach and liver when ethanol wasn't taken. It reminds us that, when alcohol is consumed in large quantities, consumption of lycopene products should be carefully considered.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective effects of diosgenin against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury through suppression of NF-κβ and myeloperoxidase activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 719-727
Author(s):  
Hengfang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Bojing Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Qu
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Gastric mucosal injury is caused by an imbalance between the mucosal defense and gastro-irritants, leading to gastroenteritis. Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin found in the wild Yam plant that has been reported with several pharmacological properties. The aim of this study is to explore the gastroprotective role of diosgenin on gastric mucosal damage caused by HCl/ethanol in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered with diosgenin (20 mg/kg) before HCl/ethanol (0.15 M HCl in 98 % ethanol) administration. Omeprazole was used as a positive control. Diosgenin-attenuated oxidative stress by enhancing (p < 0.05) antioxidant enzymes, reducing lipid peroxidation (MDA), and modulating nitric oxide (NO) levels. Anti-inflammatory effects of diosgenin were observed by a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05), decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities (p < 0.05), and histopathological observation of gastric mucosal damage. Western blot analysis provided evidence on the downregulation of NF-κβ by diosgenin. The findings showed that diosgenin has a significant protective role on gastric injury caused by HCl/ethanol, through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory role, and suppression of NF-κβ and MPO activities.

scholarly journals BuPiHeWei Decoction Ameliorates 5-Fu-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Injury in the Rats by Regulating the TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhi-gao Sun ◽  
Ya-zhuo Hu ◽  
Yu-guo Wang ◽  
Jian Feng ◽  
Yong-qi Dou
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Group 5

BuPiHeWei (BPHW) decoction, a classic Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) prescription, has been widely used in clinical practice to relieve digestive symptoms caused by chemotherapy, such as diarrhea and vomiting. The present study aimed to investigate whether BPHW decoction exerted a protective role in the 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucosal injury in the rats by regulating the mechanisms of TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway. There were 35 Sprague Dawley rats randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, 5-Fu group, 5-Fu + BPHW decoction group (10.5 g/kg, for five continuous days), and 5-Fu + Bacillus licheniformis capsule group (0.2 g/kg, for five continuous days). Animal models were established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu (30 mg/Kg, for five consecutive days). At the end of the treatment period, body weight, diarrhea score, and histological examination were examined. Furthermore, the expression of TLR-4/NF-κB pathway was detected to reveal its mechanism. The results showed that BPHW decoction effectively reduced diarrhea score and increased body weight and height of villi after 5-Fu chemotherapy. In addition, BPHW decoction could significantly inhibit the expression of TLR-4, NF-κB, and inflammatory factors (including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the intestine, and the efficacy was significantly higher than that of Bacillus licheniformis capsule. In summary, BPHW decoction might be considered an effective drug to alleviate intestinal mucosal injury in the rats induced by 5-Fu.

Protective role of adiponectin against ethanol-induced gastric injury in mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (8) ◽  
pp. G773-G780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Yamamoto ◽  
Kenji Watabe ◽  
Hiroshi Araki ◽  
Yoshihiro Kamada ◽  
Motohiko Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Repair ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Cox 2

Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory molecule released from adipocytes, and serum adiponectin concentrations are reduced in obesity. We previously reported that gastric erosion occurs in association with obesity and low serum adiponectin levels. In the present study, we examined adiponectin-knockout (APN-KO) mice to elucidate the role of adiponectin in gastric mucosal injury. Gastric injury was induced by oral administration of ethanol in wild-type (WT) and APN-KO mice. Ethanol treatment induced severe gastric injury in APN-KO mice compared with WT mice. In APN-KO mice, increased apoptotic cells and decreased expression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were detected in the injured stomach. We next assessed the effect of adiponectin on the cellular response to ethanol treatment and wound repair in rat gastric mucosal cells (RGM1). Adiponectin induced the expression of PGE2 and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in ethanol-treated RGM1 cells. RGM1 cells exhibited efficient wound repair accompanied by increased PGE2 expression in the presence of adiponectin. Coadministration of adiponectin with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, inhibited efficient wound repair. These findings indicate that adiponectin has a protective role against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in mice. This effect may be partially mediated by the efficient wound repair of epithelial cells via increased PGE2 expression.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ultraviolet C Irradiation on the Gastric Mucosa of Rats with Chronic Gastritis Induced by Physicochemical Stimulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Likang Wang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xisheng Lin ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Ultraviolet C

Background. Chronic gastritis (CG) is a common digestive disease with the highest morbidity among multiple digestive diseases, which seriously lowers the life quality of patients. The pathological alternations of gastric mucosa, and its possible mechanisms have been the focus of CG-related researches. Accumulative basic and clinical evidence has confirmed that ultraviolet C (UVC) is effective in relieving superficial acute infective inflammation, skin and mucous membrane injuries, and ulcers, and promoting wound healing. Objective. This study was aimed at investigating the protective effects of UVC on gastric mucosal injury in rats stimulated with physicochemical irritants like ethanol and exploring the mechanisms underlying the protection by UVC against gastric mucosal injury and CG. Methods. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, including Group A (normal), Group B (model), Group C (omeprazole treatment), Group D (intragastric UVC irradiation for 24 s × 2 yields), and Group E (intragastric UVC irradiation for 48 s × 2 yields). Rats in Groups B–E were made CG model by physicochemical stimulations. All rats were sacrificed one week after the 22-week experiment, and gastric tissues were harvested. Histopathological examinations were performed. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as the contents of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde in gastric mucosal tissues were detected. Serum interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, pepsin, and gastrin were measured. Results. Results showed that physiochemical irritants like ethanol could be used for easily establishing a rat CG model that shared similar pathological features with human CG. Intragastric UVC irradiation could promote the repair of gastric mucosa and improve the atrophy of gastric mucosa by inhibiting the inflammatory factors, increasing the levels of pepsin and gastrin, decreasing the expression of lipid peroxide, and enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the levels of reduced glutathione. UVC irradiation for 48 s × 2 yields showed the strongest protective effect. Conclusion. UVC irradiation could inhibit the inflammatory factors, activate the antioxidative system, and enhance the secretion of pepsin and gastrin, which promoted the repair of injured gastric mucosa and improved gastric mucosa atrophy.

Protective effect of salusin-α and salusin-β against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Tanyeli ◽  
Ersen Eraslan ◽  
Elif Polat ◽  
Tuğba Bal
Keyword(s):  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Α Level

AbstractBackground:Alcohol consumption has been found to be associated with gastric ulcers, including gastric mucosal lesions. Salusin-α and salusin-β are bioactive peptides having 28 and 20 amino acids, respectively. Salusin-α and salusin-β immunoreactivity has been detected in the stomach and in the intestines. It has been reported that the salusins regulate the cytokine levels and decrease the infarct area in the heart tissue after ischemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of the salusins in the gastric injury formed with ethanol.Methods:Thirty-two sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups, including eight rats in each group as follows: Group 1: control; Group 2: ethanol 5 mL/kg; Group 3: ethanol 5 mL/kg+5 nmol/kg salusin-α; Group 4: ethanol 5 mL/kg+5 nmol/kg salusin-β.Results:The salusin-α level increased at a significant level in the ulcer group formed with ethanol (p<0.001); the change in the salusin-β level is not significant. As for malondialdehyde (p<0.05) and myeloperoxidase (p<0.001), when compared with the control group, tumor necrosis factor-α (p<0.05) levels increased in the group to which ethanol was applied and decreased significantly with the application of salusins. Levels of GSH and IL-1β did not change at a significant level. In addition, histopathologic analysis demonstrated that, in salusin-administered groups, mucosal injury and caspase-3 expressions were reduced.Conclusions:The suppression of salusin-α and salusin-β on caspase-3 expression by means of their effects on oxidative injury and TNF-α levels shows that these two hormones could serve as anti-ulcerative agents.

Royal jelly attenuates gastric mucosal injury in a rat ethanol-induced gastric injury model

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 8867-8879
Author(s):  
Yasin Duran ◽  
İhsan Karaboğa ◽  
Fatin Rüştü Polat ◽  
Elif Polat ◽  
Zeynep Fidanol Erboğa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Injury Model

scholarly journals The Gastroprotective Effect of Small Molecule Oligopeptides Isolated from Walnut (Juglans regia L.) against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Yun-Tao Hao ◽  
Na Zhu ◽  
Xin-Ran Liu ◽  
Jia-Wei Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gastric Content ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Injury ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect

The study investigated the protective effect of walnut oligopeptides (WOPs) against ethanol-induced gastric injury using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups based on body weight (10/group), normal group, ethanol group, whey protein group (220 mg/kg body weight), omeprazole group (20 mg/kg body weight), and three WOPs groups (220, 440, 880 mg/kg body weight). After 30 days of treatment with WOPs, rats were given 5 mL/kg absolute ethanol by gavage to induce gastric mucosal injury. Gastric ulcer index (GUI) were determined and the following measured; gastric content pH, gastric mucin, endogenous pepsinogens (PG), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins were measured to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of WOPs. The results showed that the administration with WOPs markedly mitigated the hemorrhagic gastric lesions caused by ethanol in rats, and decreased the GUI, the gastric content pH, PG1, PG2, and NO levels, enhanced mucin and PGE2. Also, WOPs repressed gastric inflammation through the reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and increase IL-10 levels, and revealed antioxidant properties with the enhancement of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase activity, while reduction of malondialdehyde. Moreover, WOPs treatment significantly down-regulated Bax, caspase-3 and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) expression, while up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibitor kappa Bα (IκBα) protein. These results indicated that WOPs have protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms.

scholarly journals Activity Red Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract As a Preventive Measure on the Profile of CD4+CD62L+and CD8+CD62L+Cells in BABL/c Mice Injected Salmonella typhimurium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Riyaniarti Estri Wuryandari ◽  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Edi Widjajanto ◽  
Muhaimin Rifa’i
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
High Doses

Moringa oleifera has both nutritional and complex phytochemical content which provideprotectionandrecoveryfrominfection.Moringa oleiferahasthepotentialasan immunomodulator both in preventive and curative measures. Salmonella typhimurium can cause body immunity, especially CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells have a deficiency so that Salmonella typhimurium can infect body cells. This researched aims to determine whether the administration of Moringa oleifera leaves extract can increase the number of T CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+cells in mice infected by Salmonella typhimurium. This experiment used was a complete randomized factorial pattern design. Mice were divided into two groups, namely the control group (positive control and negative control) and the infection group, mice (given Moringa oleifera leaves extract dose of 14 mg/kg BW, 42 mg/kg BW, and 84 mg/kg BW) and infected by Salmonella typhimurium. Data analysis was confirmed with the ANOVA test followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). The results showed that red Moringa oleifera leaves extract can increase the number of CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells in all groups of infected mice and of Moringa oleifera leaves extract with high doses caused immunosuppression. Red Moringa oleifera leaves extract can function as an immunostimulant and immunosuppression on CD4+CD62L+and CD8+CD62L+T cells.

Effects of Xenogen Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cryo-Platelet Gel on Intractable Wound Healing in Animal

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Alavi-Farzaneh ◽  
Ali Shojaeian ◽  
Mehdi Banitalebi-Dehkordi ◽  
Fatemeh Mirahmadi ◽  
Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Pathological Evaluation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Today, the effects of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in promoting wound healing have been confirmed. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs and platelet cryogel on wound healing. Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). The control group just dressed, the second group received platelet cryogel, the third group received platelet cryogel containing MSCs, the fourth group received plasma, and the fifth group received plasma plus MSCs. The biopsy was obtained from the wounds in 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of the treatment. Then pathological evaluation was conducted. Finally, qRT-PCR was performed to determine angiogenesis. Results: The intervention groups had faster wound healing and lower wound area than the control group (p<0.05). The highest wound healing rate and the smallest wound area were observed in the group after receiving platelet cryogel plus MSCs. Angiogenesis, fibrosis, myoepithelial and epithelialization in the pathologic examination using H & E staining were not significantly different between the groups. The expression of Ang-1 in the intervention groups was higher than the control group and the highest expression was observed in the platelet cryogel plus MSCs, followed by the platelet cryogel group. The expression of VEGF in the plasma plus MSCs was higher than in the other groups. Conclusion: Further studies require to determine the effects of combined use of platelet cryogel plus MSCs on other types of wounds and evaluate mechanisms involved in wound healing like collagenases and inflammatory factors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of detoxifying activity of ORGCHP against acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Subbu KesavaRaja Vasudevan ◽  
Suresh Seetharam ◽  
Anbudhasan Poongavanam
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pathological Evaluation

Background: Accumulation of toxins in the body over a period of time interferes with the normal body functioning. The removal of toxins from the body is called ‘detoxification’. The liver is the main organ involved in detoxification and damage to the liver may impede the removal of toxins. The present study assessed the hepatoprotective activity of an organic Chlorella vulgaris in acetaminophen-induced liver damage model.Methods: A total of 35 animals were randomized to five groups with seven animals in each group. The test drug, organic Chlorella vulgaris (ORGCHP; 350 mg/kg and 700 mg/kg) was compared with a reference standard (200 mg/kg). The positive control group and the vehicle control group were administered 0.5% w/v carboxy methyl cellulose. All groups received dose volume of 10 ml/kg for 10 days. Acetaminophen was given on day 8 and day 9. Blood collections were done at baseline day 1, day 8 and day 10. Outcome measures were the change in body weight, oxidation biomarkers, histopathological evaluation, gross pathological evaluation and relative body weight.Results: Test drug ORGCHP Chlorella vulgaris showed dose dependent reduction in hepatoxicity with high reduction in aspartate transaminase (AST) and modest lowering of alanine transaminase (ALT) (350 mg/kg; p.o.); while at high dose (700 mg/kg; p.o.) there was significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase (p<0.05), ALT (p<0.001) and AST (p<0.001) levels. No pathological or histopathological abnormality was seen in control group. In drug group, one animal showed minimal necrosis, while mild and moderate necrosis was seen in three animals each respectively.Conclusions: The test drug exhibits detoxifying and hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity.

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