scholarly journals Sharing Data – Not With Us! Distrust as Decisive Obstacle for Public Authorities to Benefit From Sharing Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Marie Ingrid Nienaber ◽  
Andree Woodcock ◽  
Fotis K. Liotopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Level

Future mobility planning to cope with ongoing environmental challenges such as air pollution has to be anchored in the work of every public authority worldwide. One recent trend that could support public authorities to meet the European Union’s sustainability targets is the creation and sharing of transport and mobility “big” data between public authorities via tools such as crowdsourcing. While the benefits of the use of big data to increase public authorities’ efficiency and effectivity and their citizens’ lives is well understood, examples from the public sector that highlight public authorities’ engagement in such sharing activities is still missing. To date relevant literature has highlighted issues around the capacity of public authorities that hinder shared activities. In this paper we want to raise distrust as a key reason for lack of engagement. Based on comprehensive data collected over the period of 4 years via several workshops and semi-structured interviews with seven public authorities in Europe, we are able to demonstrate that a major obstacle for not providing and sharing data via crowdsourcing for mutual benefit lies primarily in the hands of the public authority’s servants of the middle and high-level management. Our results show firstly, that distrust may emerge toward different referents such as the community, particular individuals, or the technology itself and thus, managerial implications have to be very specific to overcome distrust. Secondly, we show how distrust may spread from one referent to another through negative reciprocity and which, if unchecked may lead to an all-encompassing state that affects the whole sharing economy framework and inhibits potential benefits.

Procurement Analytics: Enabling Data Architectures in the Age of Big Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Goul ◽  
T. S. Raghu ◽  
Ziru Li
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Data Space ◽  
Prescriptive Analytics ◽  
Data Architecture ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level ◽  
Area Data

As procurement organizations increasingly move from a cost-and-efficiency emphasis to a profit-and-growth emphasis, flexible data architecture will become an integral part of a procurement analytics strategy. It is therefore imperative for procurement leaders to understand and address digitization trends in supply chains and to develop strategies to create robust data architecture and analytics strategies for the future. This chapter assesses and examines the ways companies can organize their procurement data architectures in the big data space to mitigate current limitations and to lay foundations for the discovery of new insights. It sets out to understand and define the levels of maturity in procurement organizations as they pertain to the capture, curation, exploitation, and management of procurement data. The chapter then develops a framework for articulating the value proposition of moving between maturity levels and examines what the future entails for companies with mature data architectures. In addition to surveying the practitioner and academic research literature on procurement data analytics, the chapter presents detailed and structured interviews with over fifteen procurement experts from companies around the globe. The chapter finds several important and useful strategies that have helped procurement organizations design strategic roadmaps for the development of robust data architectures. It then further identifies four archetype procurement area data architecture contexts. In addition, this chapter details exemplary high-level mature data architecture for each archetype and examines the critical assumptions underlying each one. Data architectures built for the future need a design approach that supports both descriptive and real-time, prescriptive analytics.

scholarly journals Organizational culture of the Public Service and features of its change

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Nataliіa Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Service ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Level ◽  
Motivation To Work

The article is devoted to the study of organizational culture in public service. The essence of the concept of organizational culture is considered. It has been determined that organizational culture is an interdisciplinary phenomenon which concern several fields. Therefore, there is no single approach to understanding of this concept. It is indicated that organizational culture is a distinguishing feature of every organization and is a decisive factor in the success / the failure of the whole group. In the article, the author conducted a sociological survey among public servants. The purpose of the survey was to find out what major changes have occurred in the organizational culture of public service in recent years. Based on empirical data, it has been found that changes in organizational culture are very slow. Respondents noted that the majority of elements of organizational culture remained constant, such as: the culture of appearance; the individual independence and the responsibility; the interaction of members of the organization with each other; the physical and psychological comfort; the motivation to work. It is proved that a favorable socio-psychological climate in public authorities is very important. So, the high performance indicators of the authorities, the low staff turnover, the high level of labor discipline, and the absence of tension and conflicts in the group depend on it. The important elements of organizational culture, such as the motivation to work, the culture of appearance, the communication links both within the organization (between public servants) and outside (public relations) are analyzed. It is indicated that the leader plays a key role in communication. He must directly participate in the formation of a favorable moral and psychological climate in the group. It has been established that the process of changing organizational culture is quite complicated, requires time and effort, and high level of professionalism of leader. Changes very often cause discontent of the group, they are often perceived painfully. A strong organizational culture generates a positive image of the public service, which in is turn an important factor in raising confidence in public authorities. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to studied organizational culture, to monitor its formation, to improve and to regulate its changes.  

Investigating the Role of Big Data in Transportation Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (6) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Subasish Das ◽  
Greg P. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Quantified Analysis ◽  
Population Representation

Big data may offer solutions for many challenges for transportation safety, providing more data faster, with higher spatial and temporal resolution. However, researchers and practitioners identify biases in big data that need to be explored and examined before performing data-driven decision-making. Leveraging semi-structured interviews of big data experts, this study includes a quantified analysis of topic frequency and an evaluation of the reliability of concepts through two independently trained coders. To identify the trends in the unstructured textual contents, the research team developed a text mining pipeline to identify trends, patterns, and biases. The study identifies key terms experts use when describing the role of big data in transportation safety, how the terms relate to the big data experts’ language through network plots, and clustering shows a need to focus on sources, quality, analysis, and implementation of big data. Results show value in maintaining the centrality of transportation experts and the public to determine the proper goals and metrics to evaluate transportation safety. Practitioners and researchers can develop new methods to improve population representation with big data, in addition to addressing difficult transportation safety problems. Working ahead of emerging trends and technologies of big data could support further advancements in transportation safety.

Youth Start

2020 ◽  
pp. 244-263
Author(s):  
Sérgio Leal ◽  
Teresa Paiva ◽  
Luísa Cagica Carvalho ◽  
Ilda Figueiredo ◽  
Dana T. Redford
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
School Level ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
Erasmus Programme ◽  
High Level

The Youth Start – Entrepreneurial Challenges Project (USTART), is a project co-funded by Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union, that promotes practical experiential learning programmes at the compulsory school level by developing an innovative, transferable, and scalable programme through the collaboration of high-level public authorities of Austria, Luxembourg, Portugal, and Slovenia. The USTART programme is designed to be flexible in its application and has intensive and extensive versions making it possible for teachers in all types of schools and from various subjects to use USTART modules in their teaching. This chapter describes the process of implementation of the project in Portugal and the qualitative assessment (through semi-structured interviews) made that was one of the validations supports of the programme. Through USTART it was possible to understand the real difficulties and barriers that teachers and schools have when implementing different methods and programmes, and the good results of the project.

scholarly journals Ways to improve administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-80
Author(s):  
А. М. Чорна
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Low Level ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
Constructive Interaction

The author of the article, based on the analysis of scientific views of scholars and current legislation of Ukraine, elaborates the ways to improve administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation. It is substantiated that the objective prerequisites for improving administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation are: 1) low level of trust of entrepreneurs in the tax service; 2) high level of corruption in the agencies of the State Tax Service; 3) imperfect mechanism of legal regulation of tax advice; 4) low level of quality and efficiency of functioning of administrative and legal mechanism of ensuring the rights and lawful interests of business entities as taxpayers, etc. It was stated that the first step towards improving administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation should be the improvement of the relevant administrative legislation. The expediency of improving the organizational structure of the State Tax Service is substantiated. Emphasis was placed on the need to improve the interaction of the State Tax Service with other public authorities and the public on ensuring the rights of business entities in the field of taxation. It is noted that the deep and constructive interaction of the State Tax Service of Ukraine with other public authorities and the public is undoubtedly an important guarantee of high quality and efficiency for ensuring the rights of business entities.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET IN CONDITIONS OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION SPREAD

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S PROSALOVA ◽  
◽  
O.V GETMAN ◽  
M.A FALALEEV ◽  
N.A SITDIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Public ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
High Level

The pharmaceutical market is a socially significant production, and therefore subject to strict control by the public authorities of all countries. At the same time, the pharmaceutical market is one of the most promising areas for investors, as one of the most profitable today. All these factors lead to close attention to the drug industry by both economists, pharmacists, and doctors. The domestic pharmaceutical market experienced some difficulties before the spread of the pandemic, which has been aggravated to date. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the trend of the pharmaceutical market of Russia today, to identify the factors that have the greatest impact on its development. The main factors that are characteristic of other industries are: the high level of production costs, the difficulty of attracting investors on a long-term basis, and high global competition. Specific factors include: the poor quality of finished dosage forms and pharmaceutical substances, an outdated product range and the predominance of generic drugs, a small amount of branded products. The presented article presents an analysis of the latest trends in the domestic pharmaceutical market, highlights global, global trends that have an impact on it.

A Case Study of a Data Warehouse in the Finnish Police

2011 ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arla Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Public Value ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Managers ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

The high level objectives of public authorities are to create value at minimal cost, and achieve ongoing support and commitment from its funding authority. Similar to the private sector, today’s government agencies face a rapidly changing operating environment and many challenges. Where public organizations differ is that they need to manage this environment while answering to demands for increased service, reduced costs, fewer resources and at the same time increased efficiency and accountability. Public organization must cope with changing expectations of multiple contact groups, emerging regulation, changes in politics, decentralization of organization, and centralization of certain functions providing similar services, and growing demand for better accountability. The aim of public management is to create public value. Public sector managers create value through their organization’s performance and demonstrated accomplishments. The public value is difficult to define: it is something that exists within each community. It is created and affected by the citizens, businesses and organizations of that community (cf. also Moore, 1995). This increased interest to questions of value is partly due to the adoption of values and value-related concepts taken from business, like value creation and added value. It is argued that the public sector adopts business-like techniques to increase efficiency (Khademian, 1995; cf. Turban et al. 2007; Chen et al. 2005). In addition, there is a growing concern to the non-tangible, political, and ethical aspects of the public sector governance and actions (See Berg, 2001) Decision making that turns the resources in to public value is a daily challenge in the government (Khademian, 1999; Flynn, 2007) and not only because of the social or political factors. Most of decision problems are no longer well-structured problems that are easy to be solved by experience. Even problems that used to be fairly simple to define and solve are now much more complex because of the globalization of the economy, and rapid pace of changes in the technology and political and social environment. Therefore, modern decision makers often need to integrate quickly and reliably knowledge from different areas of data sources to use it in their decision making process. Moreover, the tools and applications developed for knowledge representations in key application areas are extremely diversified, therefore knowledge and data modeling and integration is important (See also the decision support systems (DSS) modeling methods and paradigms: Ruan et al., 2001; Carlsson & Fuller, 2002; Fink, 2002; Makowski & Wierzbicki, 2003). The application s of real-world problems and the abundance of different software tools allow to integrate several methods, specifications and analysis and to apply them to new, arising, complex problems.

Bridging the Political Gap?

2013 ◽  
pp. 1658-1677
Author(s):  
Yanina Welp
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Level

Given the lack of transparency and the extent to which corruption is endemic to most Latin American countries, it is not surprising to find a high level of citizen distrust in political institutions. Parliaments and political parties are the institutions most affected by this crisis of representative democracy, and receive the lowest levels of public confidence. In recent years, many initiatives, including those based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), have been developed with the aim of revitalizing democracy, increasing transparency in public management, and opening up new spaces for political participation. However, the consequences of such initiatives are still unknown while the potential benefits of e-participation remain controversial: Should parliaments promote e-participation in societies that experience such a huge digital divide? Should participation be a top-down process initiated by governments or parliaments? Or should they increase accountability and leave participation in hands of the people? The aims of this chapter are twofold: (i) to analyze to what extent parliaments are offering more and better information to the public, and are becoming more transparent and accountable through the use of ICTs, and (ii) to examine the spread and scope of participatory initiatives in the law-making process.

An Investigation of the Potential Benefits of Big Data in the Public Sector of Mauritius

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1230-1247
Author(s):  
Preethivirajsingh Mohabeer ◽  
Mohammad Issack Santally ◽  
Roopesh Kevin Sungkur
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Potential Benefits

Subsidiary survival: a case study from the Portuguese electronics industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva ◽  
António Carrizo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Electronics Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Subsidiary Survival ◽  
High Level

Purpose The existing literature suggests that multinational corporations (MNCs) divest subsidiary units whenever they cease to enjoy the advantages of ownership, location or internalization. However, not all MNCs divest under these conditions. This paper aims to explore the factors that contributed to the survival of a particular subsidiary and prevented it from being divested. Design/methodology/approach The analysis focuses on an individual subsidiary of a large foreign MNC in the electronics industry, which divested other subsidiaries from Portugal. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Findings The subsidiary’s diverse customer base, specificity and high level of efficiency, the local advantages, the existing governmental agreements and the parent MNC’s previous unsuccessful relocation experiences seem to have contributed to the survival of the subsidiary. Research limitations/implications Although the results of the case study are not generalizable to the entire population of firms, the featured case study is a rare survival success story in the Portuguese electronics industry. Practical implications The proposed framework may offer public authorities measures to create conditions to encourage firms to retain their investment in a particular site. For corporate strategists, new perspectives on subsidiary survival are provided. Originality/value This paper is one of the few qualitative studies in the field of subsidiary survival. The results offer an integrative framework on which factors contribute to the survival of a subsidiary located on a comparatively unfavorable labor cost location and support the role of the organizational learning and of previous failed relocation experiences and relocation barriers when a parent MNC decides whether to retain a unit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document