scholarly journals Relationships Between Self-Rated Health at Three Time Points: Past, Present, Future

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Michael Friedrich ◽  
Tobias Luck ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽  
Anja Mehnert-Theuerkauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Age Range

Background: Multiple studies have shown that people who have experienced a serious health problem such as an injury tend to overrate the quality of health they had before that event. The main objective of this study was to test whether the phenomenon of respondents overrating their past health can also be observed in people from the general population. A second aim was to test whether habitual optimism is indeed focused on events in the future.Method: A representatively selected community sample from Leipzig, Germany (n = 2282, age range: 40–75 years) was examined. Respondents were asked to assess their current health, their past health (5 years before), and their expected future health (in 5 years) on a 0–100 scale. In addition, the study participants completed several questionnaires on specific aspects of physical and mental health.Results: Respondents of all age groups assessed their health as having been better in the past than it was at present. Moreover, they also assessed their earlier state of health more positively than people 5 years younger did their current state. Habitual optimism was associated with respondents having more positive expectations of how healthy they will be in 5 years time (r = 0.37), but the correlation with their assessments of their current health was nearly as high (r = 0.36).Conclusion: Highly positive scores of retrospectively assessed health among people who have experienced a health problem cannot totally be accounted for by a response to that health problem.

scholarly journals Reducing Loneliness: The Impact of Mindfulness, Social Cognitions, and Coping

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412199777
Author(s):  
Robin Besse ◽  
Whitney K. Whitaker ◽  
Laura A. Brannon
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Cognitions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current State ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

While many facets of loneliness have been explored, research examining the efficacy of loneliness interventions has been overlooked among young adults. The study of loneliness among young adults has become increasingly important considering the current state of isolation and stay-at-home orders issued to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Preliminary reports suggest an increase in loneliness as a result of the current health pandemic, especially among young adults, who have reported feeling lonelier than any other age group. Such findings warrant the study of ways to help reduce loneliness among young adults. The current study examined the efficacy of strategies that might be used to help young adults manage feelings of loneliness. Two hundred and seventy-eight young adults completed the study. Participants read one of four messages: mindfulness, social cognitions, coping behaviors, or a control. Participants in the mindfulness condition felt better equipped to manage future instances of loneliness and held better attitudes toward this intervention. The current research helps to advance understanding of effective ways of helping young adults cope with loneliness.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATION DOSES TO PATIENTS IN X-RAY DIAGNOSTICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei E. Okhrimenko ◽  
L. A. Ilin ◽  
I. P. Korenkov ◽  
S. P. Morozov ◽  
A. P. Birukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dose Load ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Exposure

Introduction. The document analyzes the current state of issues of medical exposure of the population using methods of radiation diagnostics. Purpose of research is thr development of approaches to optimization of radiation doses to patients, taking into account radio-succeptibility and radioresistance of different age groups exposed to medical irradiation (MI), forming radiation doses and risks of induction of long-term stochastic effects in these groups. Material and methods. Analysis of factors affecting the formation of dose load approaches to the study of x-ray diagnostics at the present stage. Results. The paper gives a detailed review of modern scientific views on the effect of low doses of radiation, identifies controversial aspects of this problem, including the threshold of stochastic effects. The analysis of the main factors of MI dose formation is carried out. It is concluded that it is formed mainly in the field of diagnostic irradiation, while the restriction (1 mSv) applies only to preventive irradiation. This leads to a lack of systematic approaches to the reasonable limitation, optimization, and justification of diagnostic radiation procedures. The significant part of the dose load was shown to be formed due to unreasonable or erroneous directions to the study. Medical exposure is significantly different from other types - man-made and natural, and the risk of medical exposure competes with the risk of failure of radiation diagnostics. A number of measures aimed at reasonable limitation of medical exposure and reduction of risks of stochastic effects while ensuring high quality of diagnostics are proposed. The proposals are based on the provision to reduce radiogenic risks with increasing age. It is also proposed to develop “practical thresholds” of medical exposure for different age groups. Conclusion. The necessity of correction and approaches detailing on justification and purpose of studies in x-ray diagnostics, taking into account features of irradiated contingents, development on this basis of “practical thresholds” of MI at a priority of quality of clinical diagnostics is established.

Wishes and worries of haemophilia patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Herbert Lechner ◽  
Anja Schleiermacher ◽  
Karin Berger ◽  
Dorothee Schopohl ◽  
Wolfgang Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
High Level ◽  
Unmet Medical Needs ◽  
Improve Health

SummaryHaemophilia care in Germany has achieved a high level and enables the majority of patients to lead a largely normal life. The Bluter Betreuung Bayern e.V. (BBB) aims to improve health care and support for haemophilia patients. A questionnaire has been developed by BBB representatives to evaluate unmet medical needs from the patient perspective. It was sent to 290 haemophilia patients and/or their parents in Bavaria in November 2015. The response rate was 51.4 %: 66 children aged < 15 years (66.7 % severe), 30 patients 15–24 years (66.7 % severe), 26 patients 25–44 years (80.8 % severe), 24 patients > 44 years (95.8 % severe). Prophylactic therapy in patients with severe haemophilia aged < 25 and ≥ 25 years is given “always” in ≥ 80 % and > 60 %, respectively. Substitution therapy is mostly uncomplicated. Satisfaction with medical care is high. Chronic pain is a problem with increasing age. Patients aged 25–44 years worry least regarding future health, safety and availability of factor products, patients > 44 years most. Overall, 80–100 % of the patients from all age groups are interested in information on the current state of science. Offers of the BBB for psychosocial support in addition to the medical care seem to be helpful and needed in all age groups.

scholarly journals Identification of the Profile of the Patients with Hemophilia B Eligible for Treatment with Nonacog Alfa Once-Weekly

Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Dorina Cultrera ◽  
Raimondo De Cristofaro ◽  
Paola Giordano ◽  
Silvia Linari ◽  
Silvia Macchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Hemophilia B ◽  
Age Group ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Weekly Treatment ◽  
Age Range

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients with hemophilia B eligible for once-weekly treatment with Nonacog alfa. Methods: A survey was conducted in 14 Hemophilia (HCs) of Italy. These centers were given a questionnaire consisting of ten closed multiple-choice questions. The centers were asked: (a) the percentages of their hemophilia B (HB) patients undergoing replacement therapy, “On-demand”, or weekly prophylaxis, (b) the criteria guiding the monitoring of patients, the advantages according to the age of patients, and (c) the obstacles to prophylaxis. The percentage of patients receiving “On-demand” (OD) treatment or continuous prophylaxis (prophy) differed depending on patient age and the severity of the disease. Only 57% of HCs provided “On-demand” therapy to the mild HB patients, about 93% to moderate ones, of whom 43% on prophylaxis. About 78% of patients <6 years old, were on treatment in 9 out of 14 HCs, by prophylaxis 66.7% and 33.3% by On-demand. In the 6–18 age group, 90.1% of HCs treated HB patients with prophylaxis, 42.8% in the 18–30 age range. On-demand treatment was the therapy of choice in 61.5% of HCs for patients aged 30–65 years. In total, 64% of the HCs assigned the maximum score to bleeding frequency, especially in the <6 and 6–18 age groups. Bleeding severity was also taken into significant consideration, particularly in subjects up to 30 years old. The scores regarding venous access were distributed relatively evenly throughout all age groups. The majority of the centers attributed a medium-high score to treatment compliance, especially in the 6–65 age range. In actuality, 55% of HCs attributed pro-thrombotic comorbidity a low score in the 18–30 age group, whereas 81% gave pro-hemorrhagic comorbidity a high rating in patients aged >65 years old. Many centers assigned a medium-high score to the baseline concentration of FIX level at diagnosis in all age groups. Most HCs attributed a medium-high score to type of genetic mutation in the younger age groups. As for socio-cultural barriers and quality of life, the majority of respondents gave a medium-high score in all age groups. For periodic monitoring of patients receiving continuous prophylaxis, 59% of the centers reported using clinical assessment. With regard to prophylaxis administration method, the majority of hemophiliacs were given infusions twice weekly, while as regards to the dose of FIX concentrate delivered, 50% of the centers reported administering prophylaxis once-weekly at a dose ranging from 5–100 IU/kg in 10–50% of HB patients. Thus, 93% of the centers reported using a dose of 25–50 IU/kg for twice-weekly prophylaxis in 6–100% of the patients. The majority of centers (86%) believe that, in a program of early primary prevention, once-weekly treatment with nonacog alfa may represent an alternative strategy to dose escalation. The results show that patients with mild hemophilia, with functional musculoskeletal status and difficulties with venous access, are candidates for once-weekly prophylaxis with nonacog alfa. For such patients, this regimen can improve treatment compliance and quality of life.

Feasibility Study Innovative "Sand Softball" Campaign Carried out in the Community

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 1603-1606
Author(s):  
Jun Biao Tu ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Traditional Sports ◽  
Positive Effect

Baseball and Softball sport known as "the combination of athletics and wisdom," the development of the overall quality of the body, cultivate unity and sense of cooperation has a positive effect. In this study, the traditional sports game "beanbag" and the combination of modern baseball and softball, tentative development suited to the characteristics of the new forms of community baseball and softball - "sand softball." Articles, literature, experiments, interviews and other research methods, and in accordance with the current health condition of the community and "sand softball" of their own advantages, the feasibility of "sand softball movement" in our community sample experiments were carried out and analysis. That "sand softball" high feasibility in communities, not only to enrich the content of fitness activities, fun exercise to improve fitness and overall development of the community's awareness of people's physical fitness, develop unity and cooperation has great significance.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Nutritional Quality of Life of Young and Old Adults.

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (S) ◽  
pp. 872-878
Author(s):  
Fatima Javed Saleem ◽  
Farhat Jamil ◽  
Ruhi Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Age Range

Background: Healthy eating is essential for individuals’ physical as well as psychological wellbeing. Women’s focus on achieving thin ideal physique and men’s aspiration for muscular body is likely to impact their food intake and consequently Nutritional Quality of Life (NQoL). Moreover, NQoL varies across different age groups owing to the varying nutritional needs with increasing age. Investigating NQoL across gender and age has useful implications for health counseling and practice. Objectives| To investigate differences in nutritional quality of life among gender and different age groups. To investigate gender and age group differences in knowledge of nutritional value of food. Methodology| A descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted. The sample consisted of 200 participants i.e., 100 younger adults between age range of 18-23 years and 100 older adults between age range of 40-60 years. Gender of participants was equally represented in both age groups. Nutritional Quality of Life (NQoL) Instrument and a self-developed Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire were administered on the sample to collect data. Results| Mean age of younger adults was 19.17 ± 1.18 and for older adults it was 48.17 ± 5.20. Findings showed that women scored significantly higher on psychological factor and social impact whereas men scored significantly higher on food impact and self-efficacy impact of NQoL. Moreover younger adults scored higher on self-efficacy than older adults and older adults scored higher on food impact, social impact, psychological factor and physical functioning than younger adults. Also interaction of gender and age was significant regarding knowledge of nutritional value of food; older women and younger men had more knowledge of nutritional value of food than younger women and older men. Conclusions| There were significant differences in nutritional quality of life. Also knowledge of nutritional value of food varied across gender and age groups.

scholarly journals Quality of life of institutionalized elderly in an urban area of North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4986
Author(s):  
Rameela Sanya ◽  
Jayasree Anandabhavan Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
North India ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Environmental Domain

Background: Being transferred from home to nursing care facility is great challenge for elderly as they have to face a radical change in their lifestyle. However, not much is known about the response of its residents to institutionalization and its impact on their physical and mental health. Objective is to assess quality of life (QOL) of institutionalized elderly in an urban area of North Kerala and its association with sociodemographic factors.Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted among 202 elderly residing in old age homes (OAH). Data was collected using WHO QOL BREF. Data analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Results expressed terms of mean, SD, frequencies, percentages. Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test used to find association between domain-wise (physical, psychological, social relationships, environmental) QOL and sociodemographic factors.Results: Out of 202 elderly residing in OAH, majority were females (60.4%), belonged to 60-69 years age-group (39.6%), Hindus (59.9%) and widowed (49.5%). Majority had ‘moderately poor QOL in all domains, except environmental domain where majority had ‘moderately good’ QOL. Highest mean scores were found in environmental domain. Statistically significant association was found between physical domain and age- groups, gender, marital and educational status; and between psychological domain and gender, current occupational status. Environmental domain was associated with age-groups, religion, financial dependency, current occupational status.Conclusions: Elderly belonging to younger age- group (60-69 years), male gender, educated, retired group and those without morbidity had better QOL.

scholarly journals Chronic breathlessness associated with poorer physical and mental health-related quality of life (SF-12) across all adult age groups

Thorax ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1151-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Currow ◽  
E Dal Grande ◽  
D Ferreira ◽  
M J Johnson ◽  
N McCaffrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Quality of Life and Self-care Behavior Among People Living with Diabetes- A Study from Coastal South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Laksita Joshi ◽  
Darshan Bhagawan ◽  
Ramesh Holla ◽  
Vaman Kulkarni ◽  
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Care Behavior

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic condition affecting millions of people globally. The focus of our future health care providers should not lie primarily on increasing the “quantity” of life but also on improving the Quality of Life of the patient. There is a serious lack of awareness and adherence regarding self-care for Diabetes in countries like India. Objectives: To determine the Quality of Life and self-care behavior among people living with Diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 190 of all patients diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus type II of the duration of one year and more who came to Government Wenlock Hospital, Mangalore. The Quality of Life was assessed using the WHO BREF questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: Amongst 190 participants, 151 (79.5%) of them had a good physical and psychological QOL. In a social relationship and environmental health domain, good quality of life was observed among 81.6% (n=155) and 89.5% (n=170) of study participants, respectively. It was noted that out of 190 people with Diabetes, only 24 (12.6%) participants inspected their feet daily. Conclusion: The Quality of Life was found to be good amongst the majority of the study participants. Results of the study point that the majority of the patients enjoy a good quality of life but also reinstate the importance of self-care activities for the betterment of health.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COPING RESPONSES AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG INDIAN ELDERLY POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Pristina Rosaly ◽  
Neha Parashar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Internal Sources

Old age is regarded as a time period when individuals experience change in many aspects of their lives.While being presented with various challenges over time, their resources like social support, physical and mental health, financial income, etc also tend to decline, thus leaving them at a loss of resources that are actually necessary to help them cope with these challenges.Most studies on elderly population have suggested these factors have an impact on their Quality of Life. The onset of the COVID pandemic (which was deemed health-threatening, especially for older people in comparison to adults of other age groups) and lockdown implied further complications for their health, mental well being and their daily functioning too. However, despite the absence of external sources of support, the presence of internal sources like coping could act as a protective factor in face of adversity, and have a positive influence on their Quality of Life.The aim of this research is to study the coping responses of elderly Indian population during the lockdown period of COVID pandemic,and its effect on their Quality of Life.

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