Dietary Yucca schidigera Extract Supplementation During Late Gestating and Lactating Sows Improves Animal Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Manure Ammonia Emission

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) supplementation to sow performance, nutrients digestibility and ammonia emission of manure. Total 80 sows were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with either control, control + 0.06% YSE, control + 0.12% YSE or control + 0.24% YSE diet from day 80 of gestation to day 21 of lactation. The results showed that dietary YSE supplementation resulted in trends toward a reduced number of stillbirth piglets (P = 0.08), weak piglets (P = 0.06), pre-weanling mortality (P = 0.04) and diarrhea (P = 0.03), and improved apparent digestibility of dry matter (P = 0.04). Besides, YSE supplementation significantly increased catalase activity (P = 0.02) while decreasing malonaldehyde levels (P = 0.04) in sow blood. Furthermore, the loss of total nitrogen, urea nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in sow manure were significantly reduced with supplementation of YSE. In summary, supplementation of YSE in sow diet during late gestation and lactation could improve sow and litter performance, nutrient digestibility, and reduce nitrogen loss in sow manure during storage.

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Nutrient absorption in lambs fed diets containing different amounts of phosphorus

Revista Mvz Córdoba ◽

10.21897/rmvz.166 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 3444-3451

Author(s):

René Patiño P ◽

Tanimara Soares da Silva ◽

José C. Da Silva Filho ◽

Mohamed Emad Nasser ◽

Dorinha Smith Vitti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Average Weight ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Absorption Coefficients ◽

Collection Method ◽

Reliable Parameter

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect of increasing P intake on nutrient digestibility, and compare the true and apparent absorption coefficients of P and Ca in lambs. Materials and methods. Twenty-four Santa Ines sheep, with an average weight of 33.6 ± 1.6 kg, were distributed into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/day of supplementary P) with forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30. The study of apparent nutrient digestibility was conducted during the first week, using the total feces collection method. During the second week, after injection of 7.4 MBq of 32P and 7.7 MBq of 45Ca, apparent (AAC) and true (TAC) absorption coefficients of P and Ca were determined. The lambs were kept in metabolic cages. Results. The increase in P intake did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter, crude protein, NDF or ADF digestibility, but the TAC of P and Ca and mineral matter digestibility decreased. The AAC was not affected (p=0.10). A cubic relationship was observed between P intake and TAC (TAC=2.16–1.95X+0.55X2-0.04X3; R2=0.38) and linear relationship with the TAC of Ca (TAC=0.559–0.03X; R2=0.26). TAC and AAC values were different (p<0.001). Conclusions. The increase in P intake doesn’t impact organic matter digestibility, but does affect P and Ca absorption. Apparent digestibility is not a reliable parameter to determine the efficiency of P and Ca absorption.

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Kecernaan Nutrien pada Babi Lokal Periode Pertumbuhan yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Biji Asam Biokonversi Spontan (NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN GROWING LOCAL PIG FED WITH DIET COMPOSED OF SPONTENOUS BIOCONVERTED-TAMARIND SEED)

jurnal veteriner ◽

10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.4.610 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 610

Author(s):

Redempta Wea ◽

I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan ◽

Bernadete Barek Koten

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Tamarind Seed ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Range Test ◽

Nutrients Digestibility

A research aimed to evaluate nutrients digestibility in growing local male pig fed spontaneous bioconverted-tamarind seed has been done in animal feed technology laboratory of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic.The research used 25 local male grower pigs with body weight around 3-6 kg. The study used a randomized block design with five treatments, i.e. R0 = ration using tamarind seeds without bioconversion, R1 = ration using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 24 hours, R2 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 48 hours, R3 = rations using bioconversion tamarinds spontaneous for 72 hours, and R4 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 96 hours. Each treatment was repeated five times in which each of them used five pigs. Parameters observed were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash). The data were analyzed by using variance and continued by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine the differences between treatments. The results showed that the time of spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds increased the digestibility of tamarind seed nutrients and it was concluded that the best time of spontaneous bioconversion was for 72 hours.

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The effects of dietary oil inclusion and oil source on apparent digestibility, faecal volatile fatty acid concentration and manure ammonia emission

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s135772980005462x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 155-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. B. G. Leek ◽

V. E. Beattie ◽

J. V. O’Doherty

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Volatile Fatty Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Live Weight ◽

N Balance ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽

Oil Source ◽

Dietary Oil

AbstractAn investigation was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary oil inclusion increases ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) emission from the manure, due to a negative effect of either unsaturated or saturated oil on microbial activity in the intestine. Dietary oil was included at 45 g/kg, as either crude palm oil (PO), soya oil (SO) or a 50: 50 SO: PO blend (OB), to a basal barley-soya-wheat diet (control) at the expense of dextrose and maize starch. Diets were formulated to contain 13·2 MJ digestible energy per kg and 11·0 g/kg lysine. Four boars were assigned to each dietary treatment, and were transferred to metabolism crates (mean live weight, 74·0 (± 2·89) kg) following 14 days dietary acclimatization. Urine and faeces were collected separately over a 5-day digestibility/nitrogen (N) balance period and a 2-day manure collection period. Inclusion of dietary oil increased apparent digestibility of oil (P < 0·01) and decreased the apparent digestibility of dry matter (P < 0·01) and gross energy (P < 0·05). Dietary oil did not affect the apparent digestibility of nitrogen, acid-detergent fibre, neutral-detergent fibre or hemicellulose. Apparent digestibility of oil was lower when oil was included as PO compared with SO and OB (P < 0·001). The concentration of faecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) was similar in all treatments, although the acetic: propionic acid ratio was lower when oil was included as PO and OB compared with SO (P < 0·05). N balance, manure N concentration and NH3-N emission was not affected by oil inclusion or oil source. In conclusion, dietary oil inclusion reduced apparent dry matter and energy digestibilities, although no effect on fermentation was indicated by digestibility of fibre or faecal VFA content. Consequently, ammonia emission was not affected by dietary oil included at 45 g/kg.

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The effects of zeranol and oestradiol implants on performance and nutrient digestibility of zero-grazed White Fulani cattle

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an19050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (8) ◽

pp. 1081

Author(s):

O. T. Soyelu ◽

A. O. Aderibigbe

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

White Fulani

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two growth-promoting implants (zeranol and oestradiol-17β) on performance and feed digestibility of finishing White Fulani cattle in the feedlot. This was with a view to determining an alternative means of enhancing cattle performance without grazing the animals. Methods A 60-day feedlot trial was conducted using 27 stocker White Fulani bulls that were allotted randomly to three treatment groups (i.e. non-implanted, oestradiol-implanted and zeranol-implanted) in a completely randomised experimental design. Cattle were offered a compounded feedlot ration consisting of 14% crude protein ad libitum. The bulls were weighed initially and fortnightly thereafter for the duration of the study. Coefficients of dry matter and nutrients digestibility were determined using lignin as an internal marker. Data were analysed using the general linear model procedure of ANOVA and mean values were compared using Fisher’s least significant difference (l.s.d.0.05). Key results The average final liveweight, total weight gain, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of implanted feedlot cattle were higher (P < 0.05) than for non-implanted cattle; and higher in oestradiol-implanted cattle compared with zeranol-implanted ones. The ADG was 29.16 and 20.48% higher, and the ADFI was 35.06 and 18.18% higher for oestradiol-implanted and zeranol-implanted feedlot cattle, respectively than for non-implanted cattle. Irrespective of the treatment, feed conversion ratio of experimental bulls remained below the range (4.5–7.5) established for feedlot beef cattle; an indication of better efficiency of feed utilisation by White Fulani cattle. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (59.76–64.31%) of the feedlot ration was in the order: non-implanted = oestradiol-implanted > zeranol-implanted while the apparent digestibility of crude protein (73.91–77.99%) was in the order: non-implanted > oestradiol-implanted = zeranol-implanted. Conclusions and implications The results of this study show that the use of an oestradiol implant in finishing zero-grazed White Fulani cattle was beneficial for improving growth performance. Both implanted and non-implanted cattle showed good coefficients of nutrient digestibility, indicating that the mode of action of the growth implants in enhancing performance characteristics does not depend on indices of digestibility.

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Effect of early weaning age on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum parameters of lambs

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an15079 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 110 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.-M. Chai ◽

T. Ma ◽

H.-C. Wang ◽

M.-L. Qi ◽

Y. Tu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Early Weaning ◽

Serum Parameters ◽

Creep Feed ◽

Nutrient Utilisation ◽

Weaning Age

To determine the effect of a weaning program on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum parameters in Hu lambs, 48 newly born twin lambs (2.53 ± 0.13 kg; 24 male and 24 female) were randomly divided into four treatments: ewe reared (ER) or weaned at 10, 20, or 30 days post birth (EW10, EW20, and EW30) and fed milk replacer (MR). All liquid feed were eliminated at 60 days of age. Creep feed was offered ad libitum to all lambs from 15 to 90 days of age. The results indicated that lambs fed MR had higher liveweight, average daily gain, and creep feed intake (P < 0.001) than those in the ER group. There were no differences between treatments in the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen or phosphorus (P > 0.05) from 50 to 60 days of age. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus of EW20 and EW30 groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of EW10 and ER groups from 80 to 90 days of age. Lambs in the EW10 group had higher concentration of albumin, serum urea nitrogen, and immunoglobulin G levels than those of other groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, early weaning could improve creep intake, growth performance, and nutrient utilisation of Hu lambs. Early weaning age had a significant effect on the growth of lambs.

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Effects of Exogenous Glucoamylase Enzymes Alone or in Combination with a Neutral Protease on Apparent Total Tract Digestibility and Feces D-Lactate in Crossbred Angus Bulls Fed a Ration Rich in Rolled Corn

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10061077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1077

Author(s):

Maria Devant ◽

Shukun Yu ◽

Sandra Genís ◽

Torben Larsen ◽

Li Wenting

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Latin Square ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Neutral Protease ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Beef Bulls

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two glucoamylases (GA) and the combination of one GA with a neutral protease on apparent total tract digestibility in beef bulls fed a total mixed ration (TMR) rich in rolled corn. Sixteen Angus beef bulls (266 ± 4.9 kg of initial BW, and 182 ± 1.7 d of age) were distributed in 4 blocks, each block consisted of 4 animals balanced by BW. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin square (4 blocks and 4 periods, 2 w per period). Four treatments were tested; (1) control, (2) GA preparation from Trichoderma reesei (TrGA); (3) GA from Aspergillus fumigatus (AfuGA); (4) AfuGA in combination with a neutral protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BamPro). Apparent total tract digestibility and fecal D-lactate concentration were analyzed. Enzyme supplementation, regardless of enzyme type, increased apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (from 66.7% to 73.1% ± 2.01), and starch (from 74.7% to 81.8% ± 2.25), without affecting feces D-lactate concentration. Irrespective of glucoamylase type, glucoamylase supplementation improved apparent digestibility of dry matter and starch, and the addition of a protease did not have additional benefits on nutrient digestibility.

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Inclusion of Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite in the diet and its relationship to the apparent digestibility of nutrients and urinary pH in adult dogs

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140386 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 1456-1459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João Paulo Fernandes Santos ◽

Flavia Maria de Oliveira Borges Saad ◽

Rosana Claudio Silva Ogoshi ◽

Jéssica Santana dos Reis ◽

Livia Geraldi Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fat ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Urinary Ph ◽

Yucca Schidigera ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Males And Females ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Experimental Treatments

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite (Clinoptilolite) added to the diets for dogs and its effect on apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of diet components (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid hydrolyzed fat, and energy) and urinary pH. Twenty-one adult Beagles, males and females, body weight mean of 12.5±1.5kg and four and a half years old, distributed in a completely randomized design with seven replicates per treatment within three experimental treatments: control (no addition of Yucca schidigera and zeolite), Yucca schidigera (375ppm) and zeolite (1%), administered in the encapsulated form of the supplement. The ADC of diet components and urinary pH were not affected by the inclusion of additives (P>0.05), except the ADC acid hydrolyzed fat showed reduction with Yucca schidigera supplementation compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). The addition of 375ppm of Yucca schidigera extract reduced the digestibility of dietary fat by dogs and both Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite did not affect the urinary pH of dogs.

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Intake, apparent nutrient digestibility and ingestive behavior of sheep fed cashew nut meal

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982011000500026 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1128-1133 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Patrícia Guimarães Pimentel ◽

Elzânia Sales Pereira ◽

Augusto César de Queiroz ◽

Ivone Yurika Mizubuti ◽

José Gilson Louzada Regadas Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Ingestive Behavior ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Linear Behavior ◽

Total Carbohydrates

The objective of this work was to evaluate intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ingestive behavior of sheep fed rations with cashew nut meal (CNM) at the levels of 0; 10; 20 and 30% in the concentrate ration. It was used a double 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design. Intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter, crude protein, mineral matter, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients were not influenced by the addition of CNM, however, intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber and total carbohydrates presented a quadratic behavior with the increase of content of lipids in the ration. Apparent digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, NDF, acid detergent fiber and non-fibrous carbohydrates was not influenced by the addition of CNM in the rations; however digestibility of ether extract and total carbohydrates presented quadratic and linear behavior, respectively. It was not observed any significant differences in time spent with feeding and rumination, however, total chewing time was influenced, presenting increasing linear behavior with the levels of CNM. Concerning to intakes of dry matter and NDF per hour, feed efficiency and rumination were not affected by increase on lipid content in the rations. Ruminating chews time per rumen bolus, number of ruminated boli and the number of ruminating chews per day were not influenced by experimental rations. In sheep feeding management, it is suggested as a feeding alternative the use of up to 30% of CNM in the concentrate ration if it is available.

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Supplementation of rice straw with dry leucaena

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9890381 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

PT Doyle

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Linear Relationships ◽

Voluntary Intake ◽

Dietary Treatments

The effects of supplementation with three levels (5, 10 and 15% of DM offered) of dry leucaena on the voluntary intake and digestion of rice straw by sheep were studied. These effects were compared with those of a supplement of urea and sulfate. In all cases, the rice straw was supplemented with minerals.Total dry matter intake (DMI) increased linearly with the level of leucaena, but there was no affect on intake of straw. Nor did supplementation with urea and sulfate affect straw intake. Neither of these supplements affected the apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM).There were significant linear relationships between DM1 and the amounts of total digesta or DM in the reticulo-rumen (RR). The amount of non-ammonia nitrogen (NAN) in the RR also increased with the amount of leucaena offered, as did the concentration of ammonia N in rumen fluid.While the flows of digesta constituents increased linearly with the amount of leucaena in the diet, there were no significant effects of dietary treatments on the fractional outflow rates of NDF from the RR. The fractional digestion rates of NDF in the RR were also not affected by supplementation. The intake of nitrogen, the amount of crude protein apparently digested in the intestines (DCPi) and apparent nitrogen retention all increased with the amount of leucaena given. In contrast, supplementationwith urea and sulfate increased N intake, but DCPi was not increased to the same extent as with leucaena. The proportion of NAN flowing through the abomasum which was of microbial origin was lower (0.66 v. 0.73) when 15% leucaena was in the diet than with straw alone or straw plus urea and sulfate.

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A notes on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in ewes fed whole grains of triticale, wheat and maize

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100025496 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 363-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Felix ◽

R. A. Hill ◽

W. Winchester

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Collection Period

ABSTRACTTwo digestion trials were conducted using sheep fed whole grains of triticale, wheat or maize on an equal amount or an isonitrogenous basis. Nine ewes were used in a 10-day collection period for each trial. Both trials consisted of three treatment groups of three animals each. Each ewe received daily either 1200 g of a diet containing 740 g (per kg diet) triticale, wheat or maize (trial 1) or 900 g of a diet containing 650, 650 and 600 g (per kg diet), respectively, of the above grains. Digestibilities of various nutrients, dry matter and organic matter were generally similar among treatments. However, apparent digestibility of crude fibre was significantly higher for ewes fed triticale than for those fed maize or wheat diets.

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