scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Responses of Brassica chinensis on Different Far-Red (FR) Light Treatments Using Internet-of-Things (IoT) Technology

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nizar Harun ◽  
Robiah Ahmad ◽  
Norliza Mohamed ◽  
Abd Rahman Abdul Rahim ◽  
Hazilah Mad Kaidi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Light Manipulation

Advanced technology in agriculture has enabled the manipulation of the artificial light spectrum in plant development such as improving yield and plant growth. Light manipulation using light-emitting diodes or LEDs can inhibit, delay, or even promote flowering. Some studies have shown that far-red (FR) light can stop flowering, but studies have not fully explored the best method involving intensity and duration to induce plant growth. This paper presents results on LED light manipulation techniques, particularly FR light, on plant flowering control and plant elongation. The light manipulation technique on the combination of colors, photoperiods, and intensities proved that it can stop flowering, and stimulate and control the growth of plants during cultivation. The system was monitored using an Internet-of-Things (IoT) remote monitoring system, and it performed data mining. The results showed that plants that were grown under artificial sunlight (T5) and normal light (T1) treatments were superior compared to others. The FR light delayed flowering until 50 days of planting and accelerated the plant growth and increased the fresh weight by 126%. The experiment showed that a high variable intensity at 300 µmol m−1s−1 showed a great performance and produced the largest leaf area of 1517.0 cm2 and the highest fresh weight of 492.92 g. This study provides new insights to the researchers and the farming community on artificial light systems in improving plant factory production efficiency and in determining the best plant cultivation approach to create a stronger indoor farming management plant.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals The Preferences of Different Cultivars of Lettuce Seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.) for the Spectral Composition of Light

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Barbara Frąszczak ◽  
Monika Kula-Maximenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The spectrum of light significantly influences the growth of plants cultivated in closed systems. Five lettuce cultivars with different leaf colours were grown under white light (W, 170 μmol m−2 s−1) and under white light with the addition of red (W + R) or blue light (W + B) (230 μmol m−2 s−1). The plants were grown until they reached the seedling phase (30 days). Each cultivar reacted differently to the light spectrum applied. The red-leaved cultivar exhibited the strongest plasticity in response to the spectrum. The blue light stimulated the growth of the leaf surface in all the plants. The red light negatively influenced the length of leaves in the cultivars, but it positively affected their number in red and dark-green lettuce. It also increased the relative chlorophyll content and fresh weight gain in the cultivars containing anthocyanins. When the cultivars were grown under white light, they had longer leaves and higher value of the leaf shape index. The light-green cultivars had a greater fresh weight. Both the addition of blue and red light significantly increased the relative chlorophyll content in the dark-green cultivar. The spectrum enhanced with blue light had positive influence on most of the parameters under analysis in butter lettuce cultivars. These cultivars were also characterised by the highest absorbance of blue light.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Trash Monitoring System Prototype Based On Internet of Things (IoT) Using MQTT Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Achmad Auliyaa Zulfikri ◽  
Doan Perdana ◽  
Gustommy Bisono
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
System Prototype ◽  
Maximum Limit

On this research,Internet of Things (IoT) as an advanced technology is used to monitor the height of trash from a trash can in order to give notification whether the height of trash is already reach the maximum limit or not yet.To support those needs,we used NodeMCU as microcontroller,ultrasonic sensor,MQTT as IoT protocol,and also Android application to show the data.After we did the system performance test,we got the biggest result of end-to-end delay which is 2.06875 seconds when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms with 3 active nodes and the smallest result which is 0.26055 seconds when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms with 1 active mode.The biggest result of throughput is 597.17 Bytes/s when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms with 1 active mode and the smallest result is 75.86 Bytes/s when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms with 3 active nodes.The biggest result of availability and reliability is 99.905% when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms and the smallest result is 99.833% when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms.

Advanced Cyber Security and Internet of Things for Digital Transformations of the Indian Healthcare Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-372
Author(s):  
Jonika Lamba ◽  
Esha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
System Resource ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Cybersecurity is not just about fortification of data. It has wide implications such as maintaining safety, privacy, integrity, and trust of the patients in the healthcare sector. This study methodically reviews the need for cybersecurity amid digital transformation with the help of emerging technologies and focuses on the application and incorporation of blockchain and the internet of things (IoT) to ensure cybersecurity in the well-being of the business. It was found in the study that worldwide, advanced technology has been used in managing the flow of data and information, India should focus on maintaining the same IT-enabled infrastructure to reduce causalities in the nation and on the other hand improve administration, privacy, and security in the hospital sector. Depending on the network system, resource allocation, and mobile devices, there is a need to prioritize the resources and efforts in the era of digitalization.

Community dynamics of duckweed-associated bacteria upon inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Ishizawa ◽  
Masashi Kuroda ◽  
Daisuke Inoue ◽  
Masaaki Morikawa ◽  
Michihiko Ike
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Plant Colonization ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have recently been demonstrated as a promising agent to improve wastewater treatment and biomass production efficiency of duckweed hydrocultures. With a view to their reliable use in aqueous environments, this study analysed the plant colonization dynamics of PGPB and the ecological consequences for the entire duckweed-associated bacterial community. A PGPB strain, Aquitalea magnusonii H3, was inoculated to duckweed at different cell densities or timings in the presence of three environmental bacterial communities. The results showed that strain H3 improved duckweed growth by 11.7–32.1% in five out of nine experiments. Quantitative-PCR and amplicon sequencing analyses showed that strain H3 successfully colonized duckweed after 1 and 3 d of inoculation in all cultivation tests. However, it significantly decreased in number after 7 d, and similar bacterial communities were observed on duckweed regardless of H3 inoculation. Predicted metagenome analysis suggested that genes related to bacterial chemotactic motility and surface attachment systems are consistently enriched through community assembly on duckweed. Taken together, strain H3 dominantly colonized duckweed for a short period and improved duckweed growth. However, the inoculation of the PGPB did not have a lasting impact due to the strong resilience of the natural duckweed microbiome.

Artificial Light for Plant Growth

1965 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Federer ◽  
C. B. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Artificial Light

scholarly journals Nutrient Release Pattern and Greenhouse-Grown Swiss Chard Response to Biochar Inoculated with Vermicast

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lord Abbey ◽  
Jinsheng Cai ◽  
Lokanadha R. Gunupuru ◽  
Mercy Ijenyo ◽  
Ebenezer O. Esan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

A study was performed to assess nutrient release from biochar inoculated with solid vermicast (SVB), vermicast tea (VTB), deionized water (DWB), uninoculated biochar (Bioc), and Promix-BX (Pro-BX). The growth response of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) cv. Rhubarb chard was also assessed. Comparatively, nutrients were released slowly from treatments SVB and VTB compared to the other treatments. The rate of nutrient release determined by total dissolved solids and electric conductivity from the Pro-BX was the highest. The trend for the plant growth components, total leaf surface area and leaf fresh weight at first harvest, was Pro-BX > Bioc > DWB = SVB > VTB. The only treatment that increased total leaf area and leaf fresh weight at the second harvest by approximately 1.02- and 1.88-fold was VTB. Leaf fresh weight was significantly reduced by approximately 0.33-fold for DWB, 0.28-fold for Bioc, and 0.70-fold for Pro-BX but was not altered by SVB at the second harvest as compared to the first harvest. A 2-dimensional principal component analysis (PCA) biplot confirmed that treatment Pro-BX increased plant growth components at the first harvest only. The locations of SVB and VTB on the PCA biplot confirmed their efficacies, which led to increases in the plant growth components at the second harvest. Overall, the VTB adsorbed more nutrients onto its surface that were slowly released to enhance the Swiss chard cv. Rhubarb chard plant growth at the second harvest. Further studies should consider microbial activities.

scholarly journals Effects of Drip Irrigation with Plastic on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Biomass Distribution of Muskmelon

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Wang ◽  
Wenquan Niu ◽  
Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Net Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Irrigation Pipes

An experiment was conducted in China to develop guidelines for the mulching drip irrigation of commercial muskmelon crops. Three sets of factors were laid out in rows to give a three × three factorial design. First, plastic covers were placed over the entire growing area (rows and inter-rows, or full), over the rows (half), or no plastic applied (none). Second, there was one irrigation pipe per row (T1), three pipes for four rows (T3/4), or one pipe for two rows (T1/2). Finally, the plants were irrigated when the soil water content fell to 60%, 70%, or 80% of field water capacity (FC). Information was collected on net CO2 assimilation (Pn), plant growth, and yield. Overall, maximum Pn occurred with half plastic covering, one irrigation pipe for two rows, and irrigation at 80% FC. Plant fresh weight was higher with half plastic covering, one irrigation pipe per row, and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. Yield was higher with half plastic covering, and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. There were only small differences in the yield across numbers of irrigation pipes. These results suggest that overall productivity was better with plastic covers over the rows and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. Differences in productivity with different numbers of irrigation lines per row were small.

scholarly journals Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Blueberry in a Controlled Room under Artificial Light

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Aung ◽  
Yukinari Muramatsu ◽  
Naomi Horiuchi ◽  
Jingai Che ◽  
Yuya Mochizuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Artificial Light

Effect of copper deficiency in wheat on the infection of roots by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Wood ◽  
AD Robson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Copper Status ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici ◽  
Take All

Wheat was grown in a soil at five levels of copper (ranging from levels deficient, to those luxurious, for plant growth), in the presence or absence of introduced take-all inoculum (oat kernels colonized by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritica). The incidence and severity of take-all were related to the copper supply and hence the copper status of the wheat. Plants grown without applied copper were more severely infected by take-all than were those grown with an adequate or luxurious supply of copper. The number of lesions per gram fresh weight of roots was reduced from 6.5 to 2.4 by increasing the copper supply from that severely deficient, to that adequate for plant growth. In seminal roots, increasing the copper supply from levels severely deficient to those adequate or luxurious for plant growth, decreased the length of proximal lesions (those closest to the seed). By contrast, in nodal roots, a similar increase in copper supply had no effect on the length of proximal lesions, but increased the length of uninfected root between the crown and proximal lesions. In both seminal and nodal roots, copper supply did not affect the intensity of lesions.

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