scholarly journals The Effects of Flood, Drought, and Flood Followed by Drought on Yield in Cotton

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Long Qian ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Xiugui Wang ◽  
Shuang Huang ◽  
Yunying Luo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Scheduling Irrigation

Cotton suffers from alternations of flood and drought in China. A lysimeter trial was conducted to investigate the responses of various cotton yield indices under water-stress treatments including, flood (five-day, eight-day), drought (10-day, 15-day), and five-day flood followed by 10-day drought, during the flowering and boll-forming stage. The results showed that the seed cotton yield was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under all water-stress treatments, while the harvest index was not affected under any treatment. Significant decreases in dry matter yield, boll number, and boll hull mass were detected under flood treatments but not under drought treatments. The percentage cotton yield losses per day induced by flood and drought were 6.22% and 2.48%, respectively. Under water stress, the associations between seed cotton yield and relevant yield indices were weakened, but yield losses were still strongly related to the decreases in dry matter yield and boll number. Flood followed by drought caused significant reductions in all yield indices except harvest index; however, the reduction was much lower than the additive reductions induced by flood and drought. These results provide bases for scheduling irrigation and drainage under climate change.

Simulating future climate change impacts on seed cotton yield in the Texas High Plains using the CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton model

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 317-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip Adhikari ◽  
Srinivasulu Ale ◽  
James P. Bordovsky ◽  
Kelly R. Thorp ◽  
Naga R. Modala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Texas High Plains

scholarly journals Complementary Irrigation Effect on Seed Cotton Yield in North Côte d’Ivoire

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Brahima Traoré ◽  
Tagouèlbè Tiho ◽  
Zégoua Régis N’gatta ◽  
Jean Pohé
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Irrigation Effect

The study was set to assess a complementary irrigation effect on seed cotton yields in the Northern C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Ivoire where the cotton is the main cash crop. Firstly, the soil samples were collected from the surface down to 30 cm depth and analyzed. The soil was sandy and silty. So, 65 kg of 46%urea and 285 kg of NPKSB15-15-15-6-1 were applied for its correction. Secondly, in a complete randomized blocks, four tests were conducted, within those were T0 (no complementary irrigation and no crop protection products and fertilizers), T1 (no complementary irrigation, with crop protection products and fertilizers, the cotton cultivation ongoing practice in the Northern Cote d&rsquo;Ivoire, therefore the reference), T2 (complementary irrigation, along with crop protection products and fertilizers), T3 (only complementary irrigation, without any crop protection products and fertilizers). Thirdly, the tests were replicated in 3 blocks. As a result, from T1 to T2, the plants heights, the plants density at harvest period, bolls number per plant and seed cotton yields were respectively 88.58&plusmn;1.78 vs 96.08&plusmn;1.78 cm (+8.47%) at day 73; 53,934&plusmn;1,260.78 vs 67,593&plusmn;1,260.78 plants per ha (+25.32%); 23.11&plusmn;0.81 vs 26.39&plusmn;0.81 bolls per plant (+14.19%) and 1,616.26&plusmn;67.86 vs 2,657.77&plusmn;67.86 kg/ha (+64.44%). Conversely, the complementary irrigation led to higher pest damages on bolls, because 13&plusmn;2.2% of T2 bolls were attacked, while just 4.6&plusmn;2.2% of T1 bolls were damaged by insects&rsquo; pest. Looking for solutions linked to climate change effects, a complementary irrigation in cotton farms in the Northern C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Ivoire could be profitable to the cotton growers. Nonetheless, the farmers should pay a great attention to the pest management.

scholarly journals Weed control via intercropping with gliricidia: I. cotton crop

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
J.C.V. Silva ◽  
L.P. Carvalho ◽  
K.M.B. Silva ◽  
F.C.L. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Uniform Manner

The majority of cotton grown commercially in the world has white lint, but recently, there has been a growing interest in colored lint cotton in several countries, including Brazil. The use of naturally-colored fiber reduces chemical pollution. The objective of this paper was to evaluate cotton cultivar fiber yield in response to weed control via intercropping with gliricídia. Cultivars BRS-Verde (greenish fibers), BRS-Rubi (reddish brown fibers), BRS-Safira (brown fibers), and BRS-187 8H (white fibers) were submitted to the following treatments: no hoeing, two hoeings (at 20 and 40 days after transplanting), and cotton intercropped with gliricídia. In the intercropped treatment, gliricídia was planted between rows of cotton plants, using one seedling pit-1, in pits spaced 50.0 cm apart. Twelve weed species predominated in the experiment, many of them belonging to the Poaceae family. Weeds occurred at different frequencies and in a non-uniform manner in the experimental area. Cultivars did not influence weed dry matter. Intercropping with gliricídia reduced weed dry matter but did not prevent reductions in cotton fiber and seed cotton yield, which were higher in hoed plots. Cultivar BRS Safira had the highest fiber yield, but no differences were observed between cultivars regarding to seed cotton yield.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis for Seed Cotton Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Desi Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) over the Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
V. N. Chinchane D. B. Deosarkar ◽  
K. S. Baig H. V. Kalpande
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Seed Index

Cotton is one of the most important fiber and cash crop of India and plays a dominant role in the industrial and agricultural economy of the country. Fifty six crosses with fifteen parents and four checks viz., PKVDH 1, PKVSuvarna, NACH 12 and PA 255 were grown in Randomized Block Design with two replications. Pooled over the environments, the highest GCA effect for seed cotton yield plant was showed by line PAIG 346and also exhibited high GCA (in desirable direction) for the traits, sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, seed index, lint index and harvest index. Among the testers, highest GCA for seed cotton yield per plant (9.72) was reported in CNA 449.This tester showed significantly desirable GCA for the characters viz. plant height, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index and harvest index. Pooled over the environments, among the crosses highest SCA for seed cotton yield per plant was reported in PA 740 x Digvijay. It has also exhibited significant SCA in desirable direction for days to 50 % boll bursting, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index and harvest index. Another cross which ranked second for with high per se and high SCA for seed cotton yield per plant was PAIG 346 x DWDa 1402.It showed significantly desirable SCA for days to 50 % flowering, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, seed index, lint index and harvest index.

The seasonal growth characteristics of irrigated cotton in a dry monsoonal environment

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Stern
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield

Cotton plantings were made at the Kimberley Research Station (128° 36´ E., 15° 42´ S.) from September to July to give overlapping growth curves extending from September 1961 to December 1962. Crop growth was examined in relation to radiation and temperature. Beginning at the third week from sowing, each planting was sampled 12 times at intervals of 15 days. At each sampling, dry matter, leaf area index, number and dry weight of bolls, and seed cotton yield were determined. The development of total dry matter and leaf area index showed a strong seasonal trend. The number of bolls produced was less in the late plantings, and the seed cotton yield was correspondingly lower. The highest seed cotton yields and the highest ratios of seed cotton to total dry matter (30%) were obtained with January–February plantings. The growth rates between 50 and 100 days were used to analyse seasonality; the highest seasonal growth rate was 164 mg dm-2 day-1 in December–January and the lowest value was zero in early September. By using fitted harmonics, a multiple correlation was established between maximum and minimum temperatures and growth rates 30 days later. Potential rates of net photosynthesis of tops were calculated from observed radiation data with the use of the de Wit model and with allowance for light wastage, root growth, and respiration. There was good agreement between observed and potential growth rates from December to April. Midday stomatal apertures declined from November to May, and this appeared to be a seasonal effect. An annual pattern for the diffusive resistance of carbon dioxide through the leaf surface into the substomatal cavities is calculated. Radiation did not appear to be the primary limiting factor, and the seasonal growth pattern was interpreted in terms of the composite effect of maximum and minimum temperatures on extension growth, stomatal opening, and the presence or absence of suitable sinks for carbohydrates. Growth rates are evaluated against rates observed elsewhere, and means of exploiting the Kimberley environment are discussed.

Influence of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and Soybean (Glycine max) Planting Date on Weed Interference

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy E. Klingaman ◽  
Lawrence R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Weed Interference

Separate field experiments were conducted for cotton and soybean in 1990 and 1991 to determine the influence of planting date on yield loss due to interspecific interference from entireleaf morningglory and sicklepod and to determine the relative competitiveness of each weed species. Percent soybean yield loss due to weed interference increased as planting date was delayed from early May to early June. Averaged over weed species, yield losses from 1.7 weeds m−1row were 10, 18, and 20% for soybeans planted in early May, mid-May, and early June, respectively. Yield loss from 6.7 weeds m−1row were 17, 31, and 35% at the early May, mid-May, and early June planting dates, respectively. Percent seed cotton yield losses averaged over weed species in 1990 were 33 and 28% for the early May and early June planting dates, respectively, at 1.7 weeds m−1and 50% for both planting dates at weed densities of 6.7 plants m−1. The only experimental factor that significantly affected seed cotton yield in 1991 was weed density. Unlike soybeans, planting date had little effect on weed interference in cotton. Entireleaf morningglory was more competitive than sicklepod in both crops. Results suggest that selection of optimum soy bean planting dates may be a viable means of reducing losses due to weed interference.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Stress on Vegetative and Reproductive Traits of Three Commercial Cotton Varieties in Field Conditions in Central Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALI NADERI AREFI ◽  
AlIREZA TAVAKOLI
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Cultivar Responses

Abstract Backgroundwater scarcity is one of the most important factors that restricts crop production specially, cotton which must planted in areas without cold temperature limitation. Most of such area in Iran encounters drought events, hot temperatures and high atmospheric evaporative demand. So, understanding of stress severity and cultivar responses will help to better management of crop in stress conditions. Our previous study showed that cultivar responses in view of some physiological and morphological aspects were highly different in water stress condition. In this study we focused on yield formatting traits.Results Three cotton commercial varieties; Khorshid, Khordad and Varamin studied in sever, mild and without water stress. In normal condition zero type cultivar, the khorshid, produced the highest seed cotton yield. Varamin cultivar had more and longer sympodial branches which could raise it’s yield. Also, Varamin cultivar’s seed cotton yield was higher than the others (3617 kg -1 ha compared with 2477 and 3060 for khordad and khorshid, respectively). Khorshid was superior to the others at sever water stress.ConclusionSeed cotton yield showed high correlation whit boll number and boll weight and vegetative aspects such as plant height, node number and sympodial branches number. Management for developing more sympodial branches results in higher bud and flower and will increase the yield. Totally, we recommend Khorshid and Varamin cultivars for normal condition and Khorshid for sever stress conditions.

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