scholarly journals An Analysis of Veterinary Practitioners’ Intention to Intervene in Animal Abuse Cases in South Korea

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Seola Joo ◽  
Yechan Jung ◽  
Myung-Sun Chun
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Model ◽  
Animal Safety ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Training

Due to their professional abilities, veterinarians have a duty to reduce animal abuse. Therefore, it is crucial to understand their attitude and behavior on encountering animal abuse cases. We analyzed the responses from completed questionnaires (n = 593) filled by small and large animal practitioners in South Korea. The majority (n = 513, 86.5%) of the respondents witnessed suspected animal abuse cases in their practice. The female participants, small animal practitioners, and younger veterinarians tended to report animal abuse cases more frequently. Based on a hierarchical regression model, moral obligation was the statistically significant predictor of intention toward counseling owners (F = 22.089, R2 = 0.232, p < 0.001) while “pro-animal” attitudes, belief in the “link” between animal and human crimes, and moral and legal obligation were significant predictors of intention to report (F = 22.877, R2 = 0.239, p < 0.001). The most frequent barrier in reporting abuse cases was the difficulty in assuring animal safety afterwards. Our findings revealed that individual characteristics (sex, age, practice type, pro-animal attitude) affect veterinarian sensitivity in recognizing animal abuse. Participants lacked self-efficiency in managing animal abuse cases. Therefore, strengthening professionalism and training veterinarians in identifying nonaccidental injuries caused by abuse are recommended to motivate them to intervene in abuse cases.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGEMENT SUPPORT, TRAINING MOTIVATION, INTENTION TO TRANSFER, AFFECTIVE REACTION, UTILITY REACTION, SUPERVISOR SUPPORT, AND LEVEL III AND IV LEADERSHIP TRAINING TRANSFER: A CASE IN INDONESIAN MINISTRY OF FINANCE

INFO ARTHA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Roby Syaiful Ubed
Keyword(s):  
Training Transfer ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Supervisory Support ◽  
Affective Reaction ◽  
Transfer Training ◽  
Training Motivation ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The purpose of this research is to examine how training transfer is influenced by management support, training motivation, intention to transfer, affective reaction, utility reaction, supervisory support. To achieve this purpose, this study used the employees in Indonesian Ministry of Finance. A sample of 258 employees from level III and level IV leaders completed questionnaires that include measurements such as training motivation, supervisor supports, affective reaction, utility reaction, intention to transfer, training transfer, perceived training transfer, training retention, managerial transfer support, motivation to learn, training self-efficacy, and demographic characteristics. Hypothesis testing was done by using three steps of hierarchical regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are significantly positive relationships between the aforementioned independent variables and training transfer. Implications of this study were discussed. 

Effects of Violence on Trauma among Immigrant Women from Central America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlette Vila ◽  
Elizabeth C Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Model ◽  
Effects Of Violence

Abstract The purpose of the study was to explore the effects of violence on trauma among forced-immigrant women from the northern triangle of Central America (NTCA) resulting from direct and indirect violence in their country of origin and during the migratory journey through Mexico. In trauma theory the concept of compounding stressors is an important framework for understanding aspects of human development, especially among low-socioeconomic-status and oppressed populations. Authors hypothesized that violence would have an impact on trauma and conducted interviews with 108 women ages 18 to 65 from the NTCA who traveled by land across Mexico before entering the United States. A survey instrument captured demographic information and types of violence experienced in the home country and during the migratory journey. A standardized screening tool was used to measure trauma symptoms. A hierarchical regression model for trauma was entered in the following order: (a) demographics and (b) violence. Violence was found to be a significant predictor for trauma. Findings suggest that having experienced violence in the country of origin and through the migratory journey had a powerful role in predicting trauma symptoms among immigrant women from the NTCA.

scholarly journals Swedish intrauterine growth reference ranges for estimated fetal weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Lindström ◽  
Mårten Ageheim ◽  
Ove Axelsson ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Alkistis Skalkidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Model ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Estimate Fetal Weight ◽  
Estimated Fetal Weight

AbstractFetal growth restriction is a strong risk factor for perinatal morbidity and mortality. Reliable standards are indispensable, both to assess fetal growth and to evaluate birthweight and early postnatal growth in infants born preterm. The aim of this study was to create updated Swedish reference ranges for estimated fetal weight (EFW) from gestational week 12–42. This prospective longitudinal multicentre study included 583 women without known conditions causing aberrant fetal growth. Each woman was assigned a randomly selected protocol of five ultrasound scans from gestational week 12 + 3 to 41 + 6. Hadlock’s 3rd formula was used to estimate fetal weight. A two-level hierarchical regression model was employed to calculate the expected median and variance, expressed in standard deviations and percentiles, for EFW. EFW was higher for males than females. The reference ranges were compared with the presently used Swedish, and international reference ranges. Our reference ranges had higher EFW than the presently used Swedish reference ranges from gestational week 33, and higher median, 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles from gestational week 24 compared with INTERGROWTH-21st. The new reference ranges can be used both for assessment of intrauterine fetal weight and growth, and early postnatal growth in children born preterm.

Sanctification of marriage, religious coping and marital adjustment of Iranian couples

2021 ◽  
pp. 008467242199682
Author(s):  
Reza Fallahchai ◽  
Maryam Fallahi ◽  
Arefeh Moazenjami ◽  
Annette Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Model ◽  
Negative Religious Coping ◽  
Global Indicators

This study examined cross-sectional links of the theistic and non-theistic sanctification of marriage and positive and negative religious coping with marital adjustment for 316 married Muslims (women = 157, men = 159) from Iran. Perceiving marriage to be a manifestation of God (i.e. theistic sanctification) and reflective of sacred qualities (i.e. non-theistic sanctification) as well as engaging in positive and negative religious/spiritual (r/s) coping strategies each uniquely contributed variance to marital adjustment, after controlling for each other and global indicators of devotion to Islam (e.g. frequency of prayer, religious pilgrimages, fasting, reciting the Quran), and demographic variables (e.g. education level). Specifically, theistic sanctification (β = .40), non-theistic sanctification (β = .29), and positive r/s coping (β = .56) were uniquely tied to higher marital adjustment whereas negative r/s coping was uniquely tied to lower marital adjustment theistic (β =-15) in a hierarchical regression model with all primary variables and controls entered. These findings replicate and extend prior findings on the perceived sanctity of marriage with US samples of predominantly Christians to Muslims living in the Middle East, and offer novel cross-cultural insights into the possible roles that sanctification of marriage and r/s coping may play for marital well-being for non-distressed married Muslims.

scholarly journals Impact of differential copayment on patient healthcare choice: evidence from South Korean National Cohort Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044549
Author(s):  
Sangkyun Jo ◽  
Duk Bin Jun ◽  
Sungho Park
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
Linear Probability

ObjectiveWe evaluate the effectiveness of mild disease differential copayment policy aimed at reducing unnecessary patient visits to secondary/tertiary healthcare institutions in South Korea.DesignRetrospective study using difference-in-difference design.SettingSample Research database provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service, between 2010 and 2013.Participants206 947 patients who visited healthcare institutions to treat mild diseases during the sample period.MethodsA linear probability model with difference-in-difference approach was adopted to estimate the changes in patients’ healthcare choices associated with the differential copayment policy. The dependent variable was a binary variable denoting whether a patient visited primary healthcare or secondary/tertiary healthcare to treat her/his mild disease. Patients’ individual characteristics were controlled with a fixed effect.ResultsWe observed significant decrease in the proportion of patients choosing secondary/tertiary healthcare over primary healthcare by 2.99 per cent point. The decrease associated with the policy was smaller by 14% in the low-income group compared with richer population, greater by 19% among the residents of Seoul metropolitan area than among people living elsewhere, and greater among frequent healthcare visitors by 33% than among people who less frequently visit healthcare.ConclusionThe mild disease differential copayment policy of South Korea was successful in discouraging unnecessary visits to secondary/tertiary healthcare institutions to treat mild diseases that can be treated well in primary healthcare.

Animal models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: optimal choices for the best outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Huang ◽  
Fengyan Zhao ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
Neurological Research ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

AbstractHypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), a serious disease leading to neonatal death, is becoming a key area of pediatric neurological research. Despite remarkable advances in the understanding of HIE, the explicit pathogenesis of HIE is unclear, and well-established treatments are absent. Animal models are usually considered as the first step in the exploration of the underlying disease and in evaluating promising therapeutic interventions. Various animal models of HIE have been developed with distinct characteristics, and it is important to choose an appropriate animal model according to the experimental objectives. Generally, small animal models may be more suitable for exploring the mechanisms of HIE, whereas large animal models are better for translational studies. This review focuses on the features of commonly used HIE animal models with respect to their modeling strategies, merits, and shortcomings, and associated neuropathological changes, providing a comprehensive reference for improving existing animal models and developing new animal models.

scholarly journals Therapist Characteristics and their Effect on Training Outcomes: What Counts?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Branson ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Clinical Skill ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Therapist Characteristics ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Background:Evidence exists for a relationship between individual characteristics and both job and training performance; however relationships may not be generalizable. Little is known about the impact of therapist characteristics on performance in postgraduate therapist training programmes.Aims:The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the grades of trainee Low-Intensity and High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapists and individual characteristics.Method:Trainee Low-Intensity (n= 81) and High-Intensity (n= 59) therapists completed measures of personality and cognitive ability; demographic and course grade data for participants were collected.Results:Degree classification emerged as the only variable to be significantly associated with performance across assessments and courses. Higher undergraduate degree classifications were associated with superior academic and clinical performance. Agreeableness was the only dimension of personality to be associated (positively) with clinical skill. Age was weakly and negatively associated with performance.Conclusions:Relationships between individual characteristics and training outcomes are complex and may be context specific. These results could have important implications for the selection and development of therapists for Low or High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) training.

scholarly journals Stage excitement as individual psychological state of the vocalist

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
N. K. Korneev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
The State ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

The state and behavior of a singer on the stage has not been fully explored and studied. This article is an attempt to understand the causes of such a phenomenon as the excitement of a vocalist who goes on stage and performs in front of an audience. The unusual psychological state that an artist develops on the stage during a public performance brings many unexpected «discoveries» to the performer and requires detailed study. Unlike ordinary excitement, the author designated it as «stage excitement» and pointed out the factors that lead to the occurrence of such a state. The ways of neutralizing the negative sides of the artist’s state on the stage are analyzed. A great emphasis in the work is placed on the study of the psychological portrait of the performer and the psycho-emotional component of his personality as well as the characteristic moments associated with the individual characteristics of the vocalist.

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