scholarly journals A Preliminary Investigation into Ridden Water Submersion Training as an Adjunct to Current Condition Training Protocols in Performance Horses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2629
Author(s):  
Claire O’ Brien ◽  
Josephine Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Distal Limb ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
International Event ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Musculoskeletal Systems

This observational study aimed to elucidate the effects of RWST on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems of horses and concurrently determine whether RWST limits distal limb temperature increases previously reported during gallop training on land. A group of 15 clinically sound international event horses were recruited, and heart rate (HR), speed (km/h) and thermal images of the distal limb were analysed at set intervals during RWST training. Intervals of RWST produced a total mean HRmax value of 65.18 ± 3.76%, which is within the parameters for increased aerobic stamina. Mean HR increased significantly (p < 0.01) while mean distal limb temperature decreased significantly (p < 0.01) between warm-up and RWST, which contrasts with positive correlations previously reported during gallop training on land. These preliminary results suggest that RWST can be classed as a moderate submaximal intensity exercise in elite international event horses whilst restricting an increase in temperature of the distal limb that is commonly associated with tendon rupture. Horses competing at very elite levels of eventing only represent a small percentage of the total performance population; therefore, further research is needed to ascertain the physiological effects of RWST in non-elite performance horses, as well as horses competing across various equestrian disciplines.

scholarly journals Exercise Intensity during Olympic-Distance Triathlon in Well-Trained Age-Group Athletes: An Observational Study

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Atsushi Aoyagi ◽  
Keisuke Ishikura ◽  
Yoshiharu Nabekura
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Slow Group ◽  
H 41 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Very High

The aim of this study was to examine the exercise intensity during the swimming, cycling, and running legs of nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlons in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Seventeen male triathletes completed incremental swimming, cycling, and running tests to exhaustion. Heart rate (HR) and workload corresponding to aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, maximal workloads, and maximal HR (HRmax) in each exercise mode were analyzed. HR and workload were monitored throughout the race. The intensity distributions in three HR zones for each discipline and five workload zones in cycling and running were quantified. The subjects were then assigned to a fast or slow group based on the total race time (range, 2 h 07 min–2 h 41 min). The mean percentages of HRmax in the swimming, cycling, and running legs were 89.8% ± 3.7%, 91.1% ± 4.4%, and 90.7% ± 5.1%, respectively, for all participants. The mean percentage of HRmax and intensity distributions during the swimming and cycling legs were similar between groups. In the running leg, the faster group spent relatively more time above HR at anaerobic threshold (AnT) and between workload at AnT and maximal workload. In conclusion, well-trained male triathletes performed at very high intensity throughout a nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlon race, and sustaining higher intensity during running might play a role in the success of these athletes.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability in healthy term newborns is related to delivery mode: a prospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kozar ◽  
Ingrid Tonhajzerova ◽  
Michal Mestanik ◽  
Katarina Matasova ◽  
Mirko Zibolen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Mode A

scholarly journals How well are heart rates measured by pulse oximeters and electronic sphygmomanometers? Practice-based evidence from an observational study of acutely ill medical patients during hospital admission

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Mary Rimbi ◽  
◽  
Immaculate Nakitende ◽  
Teopista Namujwiga ◽  
John Kellett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Pulse Oximeters

Background: heart rates generated by pulse oximeters and electronic sphygmomanometers in acutely ill patients may not be the same as those recorded by ECG Methods: heart rates recorded by an oximeter and an electronic sphygmomanometer were compared with electrocardiogram (ECG) heart rates measured on acutely ill medical patients. Results: 1010 ECGs were performed on 217 patients while they were in the hospital. The bias between the oximeter and the ECG measured heart rate was -1.37 beats per minute (limits of agreement -22.6 to 19.9 beats per minute), and the bias between the sphygmomanometer and the ECG measured heart rate was -0.14 beats per minute (limits of agreement -22.2 to 21.9 beats per minute). Both devices failed to identify more than half the ECG recordings that awarded 3 NEWS points for heart rate. Conclusion: Heart rates of acutely ill patients are not reliably measured by pulse oximeter or electronic sphygmomanometers.

scholarly journals Bilateral Pectoralis Major Tendon Rupture While Performing Intermediate Level Bench Press

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Jace E. Kusler ◽  
Alexander C.M. Chong ◽  
Bruce E Piatt
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Rare Injury ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Tendon Ruptures ◽  
Type Of Injury

Simultaneous bilateral pectoralis major (PM) tendon rupture is a rare injury. To our knowledge, there have been only three previously reported cases of this type of injury.1–3 These patients sustained the injury while attempting a 360° turn on gymnastic rings,1 bench-pressing a heavier-than-normal load without an appropriate warm-up period,2 and performing dips on wide-grip parallel bars.3 We present a case of a patient who sustained simultaneous bilateral PM tendon ruptures while performing intermediate level bench-pressing with an appropriate warm-up period.

scholarly journals The effect of exercise on cytokines: implications for musculoskeletal health: a narrative review

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Docherty ◽  
Rachael Harley ◽  
Joseph J. McAuley ◽  
Lindsay A. N. Crowe ◽  
Carles Pedret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Musculoskeletal Systems ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe physiological effects of physical exercise are ubiquitously reported as beneficial to the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. Exercise is widely promoted by medical professionals to aid both physical and emotional wellbeing; however, mechanisms through which this is achieved are less well understood. Despite numerous beneficial attributes, certain types of exercise can inflict significant significant physiological stress. Several studies document a key relationship between exercise and immune activation. Activation of the innate immune system occurs in response to exercise and it is proposed this is largely mediated by cytokine signalling. Cytokines are typically classified according to their inflammatory properties and evidence has shown that cytokines expressed in response to exercise are diverse and may act to propagate, modulate or mitigate inflammation in musculoskeletal health. The review summarizes the existing literature on the relationship between exercise and the immune system with emphasis on how exercise-induced cytokine expression modulates inflammation and the immune response.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Salvia Supplementation on Cognitive Function in Athletes During a Fatiguing Cycling Exercise: A Randomized Cross-Over, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Babault ◽  
Ahmad Noureddine ◽  
Nicolas Amiez ◽  
Damien Guillemet ◽  
Carole Cometti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Fatiguing Exercise

Background:Salvia (sage) supplementation has been shown to improve the cognition function in healthy individuals or patients (e.g., attention, memory). To date, no study has explored its relevancy in the context of sporting performance. The aim of this study was to explore the acute effects of a combination of Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia on cognitive function in athletes performing a fatiguing cycling task.Methods: Twenty-six volunteers were included in this cross-over, randomized, double-bind vs. placebo trial. Two hours before the two experimental sessions (here called SAGE and PLACEBO), volunteers randomly received a supplementation of sage or placebo. During each experimental session, participants were tested at four occasions while cycling during a warm-up, in the middle and at the end of a fatiguing task and after a short 5-min recovery. Tests included a Stroop task, a simple reaction time task, and a backward digit span memory task. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were also measured at the beginning of the four test sessions.Results: Heart rate was significantly greater during the fatiguing exercise than during warm-up and recovery (P &lt; 0.001) without any supplementation effect. RPE was greater during the fatiguing exercise than during warm-up and recovery (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, RPE was significantly lower during the SAGE session as compared to PLACEBO (P = 0.002). Reaction time was not altered during the exercise but was significantly shorter with SAGE as compared to PLACEBO (P = 0.023). The Stroop task only revealed significantly longer reaction time during warm-up as compared to recovery (P = 0.02) independently of the supplementation. The digit span memory test revealed a significant greater span score with SAGE as compared to PLACEBO (P = 0.044).Conclusion: The combination of Salvia improved the cognitive functions (perceived exertion, working memory, and reaction time). The positive effects were obtained in fresh condition and were maintained with fatigue.

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